Archaeological Parks in The Frame of Sustainable Archaeological Sites

İnsan yaşamının izlerini taşıyan arkeolojik sitler zengin tarihi ve kültürel verilere sahip olan geçmişin bilgi kaynaklarıdır. Arkeolojik sitlerin korunması kent kültürünün korunması ve sürdürülebilir kentsel gelişimler için oldukça önemlidir. Bu anlamda uluslararası düzeyde öneme sahip, özgün tarihi kentlerin sürdürülebilir kılınmak ve tarihi kentsel peyzajın korunmasını sağlamak amacı ile kent tarihinin ve kültürünü yeniden canlandırma stratejileri hayata geçirilmektedir. Arkeolojik sitleri canlandırma stratejisi olan arkeolojik parklar, kültürel ve arkeolojik miras yönetimi ile kentsel rekreasyonel faaliyetleri bir arada sunarken, kent içinde yeni bir yorumlama merkezi olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Tarihi alanların ve tarihi peyzajların korunması amaçlı oluşturulan bu parklar arkeolojik alanlar olarak görev üstlenebilecekleri gibi bir park ya da müze olarak da işlev görmektedirler. Tüm bu çeşitlilik arkeolojik parkların bileşenlerini oluşturmaktadır. Bu makalede; öncelikle, arkeolojik sit kavramına değinilerek, yerel kimliğin, kültürel ve sosyal çeşitliliğin sürdürülebilirliğini hedefleyen arkeolojik park yaklaşımı ortaya konmuş, sürdürülebilir arkeolojik sit uygulamalarında Türkiye'de gerçekleştirilebilecek güncel yaklaşımlar için öneriler geliştirilmiştir.With their rich historical, cultural data, archaeological sites that bear the marks of human life are sources of information for the past. Conservation of archaeological assets is crucial for preserving city culture and developing sustainable settlements. In this manner, strategies for preserving historical urban landscape and reviving urban history and culture must be utilized in order to transform original historical settlements to sustainable cities. As an archaeological sites revival strategy, archaeological parks provide both cultural and archaeological legacy management and urban recreational activities and are seen as a new center for interpretation within cities. Those parks created in order to preserve historical sites and historical landscapes can either serve as archaeological sites parks and museums. And all of thisvariety makes up the components of archaeological parks. In this article an analysis of the archaeological park concept was made, them, the approach of archaeological park aiming the sustainability of local identity, socio-cultural diversity was explained. And finally, such design proposals for sustainable archaeological sites were set evaluating current applications conducted in Turkey

Lymphangioma: Surrounding the ovarian vein and ovary

Lymphangiomas are usually benign lesions seen in the head and neck region in children. Intra-abdominal localisation is rare and the majority of these cases are in early childhood. Retroperitoneal lymphangiomas constitute approximately 1% of all lymphangiomas. They are generally diagnosed incidentally, may be asymptomatic or may present with a palpable abdominal mass. A limited number of cases of ovarian lymphangiomas have been reported in women, whereas there are no reported cases of paraovarian localisation. We present a rare case of lymphangioma located in bilateral paraovarian region and along the left ovarian vein with radiological findings

Diagnostic Concordance Characteristics of Oral Cavity Lesions

Purpose. The objective of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic concordance characteristics of oral cavity lesions by comparing the clinical diagnosis of the lesions with the histopathologic diagnosis. Material and Method. A retrospective analysis was conducted on the patients, who were admitted with oral cavity pathology and underwent biopsy procedure between 2007 and 2011. The oral cavity lesions were classified into 6 different groups as odontogenic cysts, nonodontogenic cysts, odontogenic tumors, nonodontogenic tumors, malignant tumors, and precancerous lesions in accordance with the 2005 WHO classification. The diagnoses were also recategorized into 3 groups expressing prognostic implications as benign, precancerous, and malignant. The initial clinical diagnoses were compared with the histopathologic diagnoses. Data were analyzed statistically. Results. A total of 2718 cases were included. Histopathologic diagnosis did not match the clinical diagnosis in 6.7% of the cases. Nonodontogenic tumors and malignant tumors had the highest misdiagnosis rates (11.5% and 9%, resp.), followed by odontogenic tumors (7.7%), precancerous lesions (6.9%), and odontogenic cysts (4.4%). Clinicians were excelled in diagnosis of benign and precancerous lesions in clinical setting. Conclusion. The detailed discordance characteristics for each specific lesion should be considered during oral pathology practice to provide early detection without delay

Cetuximab and Epirubicin HCl-Combined Application as a Possibility to Treat Both Parental and Epirubicin HCl-Resistant Liver Cancer Cells

Background and aims: Targeted chemotherapeutics such as cetuximab can cause many side effects such as skin toxicity when used in high concentrations. In addition, cancer cells can develop resistance to some of the anticancer agents during treatment. The lack of the desired success in chemotherapy and the development of resistance to chemotherapeutics, such as epirubicin HCl, suggest that there is a need for combined therapies. The combination of targeted chemotherapeutics and conventional chemotherapy drugs may lead to the emergence of new strategies in the treatment of cancer. In this study, cytotoxic, antiproliferative, cell cycle inhibitive, oxidative stress generation, and apoptotic effects and effect mechanisms of cetuximab alone and together with epirubicin HCl on parental liver cancer cells (P-Hep G2) and epirubicin HCl-resistant liver cancer cells (R-Hep G2) were investigated. Materials: Cytotoxic effects of cetuximab alone and with epirubicin-HCl on cells were determined by Cell Titer-Blue® Cell Viability and Lactate Dehydrogenase Activity tests. Cell cycle distributions and apoptosis were detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results: Cetuximab with epirubicin HCl treatment increased the cytotoxic effect on both cells. Caspase-3/7 activity increased 3 and 1.5 times in comparison with control group in P-Hep G2 and R-Hep G2 cells, respectively, after treating with cetuximab alone, whereas the increase was found to be approximately 4.7 and 2.5 times when cetuximab was treated with epirubicin HCl in P-Hep G2 and R-Hep G2 cells, respectively. Both cetuximab alone and together with epirubicin HCl treatments caused increases in Bax/Bcl-2 ratio in both cells. Discussion: Treatment of cetuximab with epirubicin HCl to P-Hep G2 and R-Hep G2 cells was found to be more effective in cytotoxic effect and inducing apoptosis comparison to cetuximab alone treatment. In addition, combination treatment showed different effects on pro-apoptotic/anti-apoptotic genes expression according to cells drug resistance properties

Construction of polypropylene composite multifilaments filled with sodium perborate trihydrate-treated jute microparticles

Polypropylene composite multifilaments filled with surface-treated jute microparticles were successfully spun by melt spinning. To enhance the particle distribution, jute particleos were treated with 5-20% (w/v) aqueous solutions of sodium perborate trihydrate (SP). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used to confirm the surface treatment. XPS analysis indicated that the treatments improved the hydrophobicity of the jute by means of increasing the carbon/oxygen ratio of the surface; thus, the maximum increment was achieved after 10% (w/v) SP treatment. After determining the optimum SP concentration, the spinning of polypropylene composite multifilaments containing 0.3-1.4 wt% jute particles was employed. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) revealed the nucleating agent effect of the particles during crystallization in the filaments. The addition of fillers did not result in significant changes in the functional groups of polypropylene. The main output of this research is that polypropylene multifilaments incorporating 1.4 wt% jute particles presented the highest moisture absorption and hydrophilic character as determined by TGA, moisture content, and vertical wicking tests. It was concluded that particle content > 0.3 wt% showed a tendency to agglomerate in the filament. Consequently, this study provided a new polypropylene filament having moisture absorbability performance, which can create potential applications in the textile industry