1,597 research outputs found
Feed Supplementation with a Commercially Available Probiotic Solution Does Not Alter the Composition of the Microbiome in the Biofilters of Recirculating Aquaculture Systems
Da luta pela terra ao reconhecimento: consideraçÔes sobre a trajetĂłria das famĂlias assentadas no PDS Santa Helena e o acesso a polĂticas pĂșblicas
A expansĂŁo do capitalismo no meio rural tem como consequĂȘncia histĂłrica o conflito entre o capital e as populaçÔes camponesas. Esse conflito se materializa, nĂŁo somente, mas em grande parte, na luta pela terra e na dificuldade que as populaçÔes camponesas tĂȘm em acessar polĂticas pĂșblicas voltadas para um desenvolvimento rural compatĂvel com a diversidade dos sujeitos e de suas formas de organização social presentes no rural brasileiro. Neste contexto, o presente trabalho pretende analisar a conflitualidade inerente Ă questĂŁo agrĂĄria brasileira a partir de um estudo de caso, a saber: o Projeto de Desenvolvimento SustentĂĄvel (PDS) Santa Helena, localizado no municĂpio de SĂŁo Carlos, interior do estado de SĂŁo Paulo. Nosso objetivo Ă© reconstruir a trajetĂłria de luta pela terra dos assentados, bem como compreender como se dĂĄ o acesso da comunidade assentada a outras polĂticas pĂșblicas. Nossa hipĂłtese Ă© a de que os agricultores do Santa Helena enfrentam dificuldades para serem reconhecidos como sujeitos que podem acessar polĂticas pĂșblicas, o que limita, por seu turno, a capacidade de produção e reprodução social e material desses assentados
Isothermal section of the ternary phase diagram UâFeâGe at 900 °C and its new intermetallic phases
International audienc
Effects of deoxynivalenol exposure time and contamination levels on rainbow trout
The trend toward using plantâbased ingredients in aquafeeds is set to intensify; however, mycotoxin contamination might be a challenge. Two diets, with deoxynivalenol (DON) levels of 1,166âÎŒg/kg (1.1 DON) and 2,745âÎŒg/kg (2.7 DON), were prepared for shortâterm DON exposure (50âdays). A third diet with a low DON level of 367âÎŒg/kg (0.3 DON) was prepared for longâterm DON exposure (168âdays). Ingestion of DON by trout during both shortâterm/highâdosage exposure (50âdays; 1,166âÎŒg/kg and 2,700âÎŒg/kg DON) and longâterm/lowâdosage exposure (168âdays; 367âÎŒg/kg DON) impacted growth performance and, to a lesser extent, liver enzyme parameters (2.7 DON). Histopathology showed mild to moderate changes in the liver but not in the other sampled tissues (intestine and kidney). Despite these effects, shortâterm exposure of rainbow trout to high doses of DON did not result in increased susceptibility to Yersinia ruckeri. In both the shortâ and longâterm studies, the effects of DON showed a high interindividual variability. The present study confirms that subclinical levels of mycotoxins affect rainbow trout. The effects of such low mycotoxin levels could be masked by other production challenges while still negatively affecting productivity
Promising prospective effects of Withania somnifera on broiler performance and carcass characteristics: A comprehensive review
Poultry production contributes markedly to bridging the global food gap. Many nations have limited the use of antibiotics as growth promoters due to increasing bacterial antibiotic tolerance/resistance, as well as the presence of antibiotic residues in edible tissues of the birds. Consequently, the world is turning to use natural alternatives to improve birds' productivity and immunity. Withania somnifera, commonly known as ashwagandha or winter cherry, is abundant in many countries of the world and is considered a potent medicinal herb because of its distinct chemical, medicinal, biological, and physiological properties. This plant exhibits antioxidant, cardioprotective, immunomodulatory, anti-aging, neuroprotective, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, antistress, antitumor, hepatoprotective, and growth-promoting activities. In poultry, dietary inclusion of W. somnifera revealed promising results in improving feed intake, body weight gain, feed efficiency, and feed conversion ratio, as well as reducing mortality, increasing livability, increasing disease resistance, reducing stress impacts, and maintaining health of the birds. This review sheds light on the distribution, chemical structure, and biological effects of W. somnifera and its impacts on poultry productivity, livability, carcass characteristics, meat quality, blood parameters, immune response, and economic efficiency
Gene surgery
Gene therapy became in last decade a new emerging therapeutic era showing promising results against different diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and neurological disorders. Recently, the genome editing technique for eukaryotic cells called CRISPR-Cas (Clustered Regulatory Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats) has enriched the field of gene surgery with enhanced applications. In the present review, we summarized the different applications of gene surgery for treating human diseases such as cancer, diabetes, nervous, and cardiovascular diseases, besides the molecular mechanisms involved in these important effects. Several studies support the important therapeutic applications of gene surgery in a large number of health disorders and diseases including ÎČ-thalassemia, cancer, immunodeficiencies, diabetes, and neurological disorders. In diabetes, gene surgery was shown to be effective in type 1 diabetes by triggering different signaling pathways. Furthermore, gene surgery, especially that using CRISPR-Cas possessed important application on diagnosis, screening and treatment of several cancers such as lung, liver, pancreatic and colorectal cancer. Nevertheless, gene surgery still presents some limitations such as the design difficulties and costs regarding ZFNs (Zinc Finger Nucleases) and TALENs (Transcription Activator-Like Effector Nucleases) use, off-target effects, low transfection efficiency, in vivo delivery-safety and ethical issues
Verbos de indicação na Libras: possĂveis evidĂȘncias de distanciamento
Nesta pesquisa, analisa-se as especificidades de um grupo de verbos que tem sido chamado na literatura ora de verbos indicadores (LIDDELL, 2003, MOREIRA, 2007), ora de verbos de concordĂąncia (BRITO, 1995, QUADROS; KARNOPP, 2004). O objetivo Ă© identificar o elemento dĂȘixis de pessoa na LĂngua de Sinais Brasileira e mais especificamente, discutir a noção de distanciamento na articulação dos verbos de indicação. Esta pesquisa se justifica devido Ă escassez de estudos na ĂĄrea e pela necessidade de entendermos mais sobre os verbos de indicação. Os dados (corpus) de anĂĄlise desta pesquisa foram 54 piadas, contadas por 35 participantes surdos, sendo 26 homens e 9 mulheres. Na anĂĄlise dos vĂdeos, foram encontrados 113 verbos de indicação. Uma caracterĂstica de grande relevĂąncia encontrada nessa pesquisa foi quando os referentes estĂŁo distantes, os verbos de indicação tendem a ser articulados com trajetĂłria distante e com posição da mĂŁo Ă altura da cabeça do sinalizador
Oxidation of potato starch with different sodium hypochlorite concentrations and its effect on biodegradable films
AbstractThe objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of oxidation with sodium hypochlorite at different concentrations of active chlorine (0.5, 1.0 and 1.5Â g/100Â g) on the physicochemical, morphological, pasting, thermal and gel texture properties of potato starch. The native and oxidized starches were used in different concentrations (3.0, 4.0 and 5.0Â g starch/100Â mL) for the preparation of biodegradable films using glycerol as plasticizer. The films were evaluated for their mechanical properties, color, water solubility and permeability of water vapor. The degree of oxidation potato starches was more intense as there was an increased concentration of active chlorine in the reaction. Films made with oxidized starch with the highest level of active chlorine had lower tensile strength when compared to native starch films. Also, these films had a lower water solubility and water vapor permeability as compared to the native starch films
Assessment of family and neighbors of an individual infected with Wuchereria bancrofti from a non-endemic area in the city of MaceiĂł, Brazil
Posttreatment of olive mill wastewater by immobilized TiO2 photocatalysis
A photocatalytic reactor with UV/TiO2 was used for the post-treatment of olive mill wastewater after anaerobic digestion. A factorial experimental design was adopted to determine the statistical significance of each parameter tested, namely initial COD, pH, treatment time and recirculation flow, and possible interactions, in three response variables: phenols, colour, and COD removals. Removal efficiencies of 90.8 ± 2.7 %, 79.3 ± 1.9 %, and 50.3 ± 6.3 % were obtained for total phenols (TPh), colour, and COD, respectively. TPh and colour were almost completely removed after 24 h of treatment, while the COD removal was partial. Because increasing the treatment time is economically unfeasible a recirculation to the anaerobic reactor should be considered. Regarding the most significant variables, the TPh removal efficiency is dependent of the initial COD concentration; the colour removal efficiency decreased with increasing COD concentration and pH; and, the COD removal efficiency is directly linked with the treatment time. The interaction between the initial COD and treatment time affect negatively the response variables tested because of the inactivation of some active sites of the TiO2 paper.The Portuguese Science Foundation (FCT) and the European Social Fund (ESF, POPH-QREN) gave financial support through the Post-Doctoral grant attributed to Jose Carlos Costa (SFRH/BDP/48 962/2008) and through the project PTDC/ENR/69 755/2006. The authors thank Dr. M.N. Pons and Dr. O. Zahraa the offer of the reactor and Mr Ing. J. Dussaud from Alstrohm (Pont-Eveque, France) for the TiO2 paper
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