21 research outputs found

    Quantitative Analysis of Mechanisms That Govern Red Blood Cell Age Structure and Dynamics during Anaemia

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    Mathematical modelling has proven an important tool in elucidating and quantifying mechanisms that govern the age structure and population dynamics of red blood cells (RBCs). Here we synthesise ideas from previous experimental data and the mathematical modelling literature with new data in order to test hypotheses and generate new predictions about these mechanisms. The result is a set of competing hypotheses about three intrinsic mechanisms: the feedback from circulating RBC concentration to production rate of immature RBCs (reticulocytes) in bone marrow, the release of reticulocytes from bone marrow into the circulation, and their subsequent ageing and clearance. In addition we examine two mechanisms specific to our experimental system: the effect of phenylhydrazine (PHZ) and blood sampling on RBC dynamics. We performed a set of experiments to quantify the dynamics of reticulocyte proportion, RBC concentration, and erythropoietin concentration in PHZ-induced anaemic mice. By quantifying experimental error we are able to fit and assess each hypothesis against our data and recover parameter estimates using Markov chain Monte Carlo based Bayesian inference. We find that, under normal conditions, about 3% of reticulocytes are released early from bone marrow and upon maturation all cells are released immediately. In the circulation, RBCs undergo random clearance but have a maximum lifespan of about 50 days. Under anaemic conditions reticulocyte production rate is linearly correlated with the difference between normal and anaemic RBC concentrations, and their release rate is exponentially correlated with the same. PHZ appears to age rather than kill RBCs, and younger RBCs are affected more than older RBCs. Blood sampling caused short aperiodic spikes in the proportion of reticulocytes which appear to have a different developmental pathway than normal reticulocytes. We also provide evidence of large diurnal oscillations in serum erythropoietin levels during anaemia

    Structured models of cell migration incorporating molecular binding processes

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    The dynamic interplay between collective cell movement and the various molecules involved in the accompanying cell signalling mechanisms plays a crucial role in many biological processes including normal tissue development and pathological scenarios such as wound healing and cancer. Information about the various structures embedded within these processes allows a detailed exploration of the binding of molecular species to cell-surface receptors within the evolving cell population. In this paper we establish a general spatio-temporal-structural framework that enables the description of molecular binding to cell membranes coupled with the cell population dynamics. We first provide a general theoretical description for this approach and then illustrate it with two examples arising from cancer invasion

    La construction d’une professionnalitĂ© en Ă©ducation

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    Le dossier du prĂ©sent numĂ©ro vise Ă  clarifier le processus d’accompagnement au regard du processus de reconnaissance professionnelle dans la rencontre entre un expert et un novice. Il cherche en particulier Ă  mettre en Ă©vidence les liens entre l’accompagnement et la reconnaissance professionnelle, moteurs d’une valorisation d’entrĂ©e dans le mĂ©tier. En effet, le choc de la rĂ©alitĂ© du terrain demande au novice un engagement professionnel auquel il n’est pas prĂ©parĂ©. Le processus d’accompagnement couplĂ© Ă  une dĂ©marche de reconnaissance semble une dĂ©marche professionnelle prometteuse pour permettre les premiers pas sur le terrain professionnel. Quand l’accompagnement professionnel est ouvert Ă  la valorisation du professionnel, la motivation Ă  agir semble plus forte. La demande d’appui des novices n’exclut nullement une approche Ă©valuative, cependant la conduite de l’évaluation suppose une relation d’exigence et de bienveillance. Les remarques de certains « dĂ©butants » sur l’absence de reconnaissance du travail effectuĂ© traduisent le manque de retours positifs. L’apprĂȘt technique de certaines rencontres ne peut endiguer ce sentiment de non reconnaissance. Aussi, est-ce la raison de ce numĂ©ro que de questionner l’importance des transactions de reconnaissance dans un contexte de professionnalisation

    La construction d’une professionnalitĂ© en Ă©ducation

    No full text
    Le dossier du prĂ©sent numĂ©ro vise Ă  clarifier le processus d’accompagnement au regard du processus de reconnaissance professionnelle dans la rencontre entre un expert et un novice. Il cherche en particulier Ă  mettre en Ă©vidence les liens entre l’accompagnement et la reconnaissance professionnelle, moteurs d’une valorisation d’entrĂ©e dans le mĂ©tier. En effet, le choc de la rĂ©alitĂ© du terrain demande au novice un engagement professionnel auquel il n’est pas prĂ©parĂ©. Le processus d’accompagnement couplĂ© Ă  une dĂ©marche de reconnaissance semble une dĂ©marche professionnelle prometteuse pour permettre les premiers pas sur le terrain professionnel. Quand l’accompagnement professionnel est ouvert Ă  la valorisation du professionnel, la motivation Ă  agir semble plus forte. La demande d’appui des novices n’exclut nullement une approche Ă©valuative, cependant la conduite de l’évaluation suppose une relation d’exigence et de bienveillance. Les remarques de certains « dĂ©butants » sur l’absence de reconnaissance du travail effectuĂ© traduisent le manque de retours positifs. L’apprĂȘt technique de certaines rencontres ne peut endiguer ce sentiment de non reconnaissance. Aussi, est-ce la raison de ce numĂ©ro que de questionner l’importance des transactions de reconnaissance dans un contexte de professionnalisation

    Euro+Med-Checklist Notulae, 11

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    This is the eleventh of a series of miscellaneous contributions, by various authors, where hitherto unpublished data relevant to both the Med-Checklist and the Euro+Med (or Sisyphus) projects are presented. This instalment deals with the families Anacardiaceae, Asparagaceae (incl. Hyacinthaceae), Bignoniaceae, Cactaceae, Compositae, Cruciferae, Cyperaceae, Ericaceae, Gramineae, Labiatae, Leguminosae, Orobanchaceae, Polygonaceae, Rosaceae, Solanaceae and Staphyleaceae. It includes new country and area records and taxonomic and distributional considerations for taxa in Bidens, Campsis, Centaurea, Cyperus, Drymocallis, Erigeron, Hoffmannseggia, Hypopitys, Lavandula, Lithraea, Melilotus, Nicotiana, Olimarabidopsis, Opuntia, Orobanche, Phelipanche, Phragmites, Rumex, Salvia, Schinus, Staphylea, and a new combination in Drimia. Citation For the whole article: Raab-Straube E. von & Raus Th. (ed.) 2019: Euro+Med-Checklist Notulae, 11 [Notulae ad floram euro-mediterraneam pertinentes No. 40]. - Willdenowia 49: 421-445. doi: https://doi.org/10.3372/wi.49.49312 For a single contribution (example): Strid A. 2019: Bidens alba (L.) DC. - Pp. 424-426 in: Raab-Straube E. von & Raus Th. (ed.), Euro+Med-Checklist Notulae, 11 [Notulae ad floram euro-mediterraneam pertinentes No. 40]. - Willdenowia 49: 421-445. doi: https://doi.org/10.3372/wi.49.49312 Version of record first published online on 6 December 2019 ahead of inclusion in December 2019 issue. © 2019 The Authors
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