Identitas ÂZar dalam Literatur Tafsir Nusantara

Âzar is one character names enshrined in the Qur'an, which appears in the story of Ibrâhîm's preaching dialogue. The figure of Âzar into a debate among historians as well as mufassir.  The difference of views regarding the identity of Âzar, closely related to the sources of the Torah, which was used as a comparison to explain the figure of Âzar mentioned in the Qur'an. The identity of Âzar in the end, a debate in the realm of theology, as it pertains to the sanctity of nasab to the prophets. Differences of interpretation regarding the identity of Âzar keeps going, in every time and every interpretation of written. The coming of Islam to the archipelago, at the same time the entrance for everything related to the teachings of religion including knowledge and debate theology. With the method of comparative thematic and theological approach, it can be concluded that, the issue of the identity of the Âzar also developed in the literature the interpretation of the archipelago. There are three views on the identity of Âzar in the literature the interpretation of the archipelago. First, it holds that Âzar was Ibrâhîm's father which included these groups is Hasbi, Hamka was the Tafsir Kemenag RI. Second, it holds that Âzar was Ibrâhîm's uncle, which useudes this group is al-Nawawi and Quraish Shihab. A second view of the exegetes this Archipelago has theological ramifications as it did on the classical exegetes. For those who consider Âzar was Ibrâhîm's biological father, then they are not disputed there was a pagan Prophet who parents, but for those who think that their father is not  Âzar theologically they hold on the sanctity of nasab the Prophet spared from the pagan ancestors

Simple Purification of Vetiver Oil by Multiglass Plate System for Quality Improvement

Vetiver oil is one of essential oil from Indonesia which no synthetic substitute is available. The drawback of vetiver oil from Indonesia is smoky odor and dark appearance. To increase added value of Indonesian vetiver oil, therefore it is need method with cheap production, simple and easy to operate. Multiglass plate system (MGS) is one method to increase added value of vetiver oil. The aim of this research is to improve the vetiver oil quality in terms of appearance, odor and the physicochemical properties by MGS method and also optimize the operation condition on the vetiver oil yield and total vetiverol contents. The process parameters used on this research are to optimize the flow rate, angular and amount of glass plate. As a result, was obtained the optimum condition in 0.38 ml/sec of flow rate, 3o of glass plate angular and 5 of glass plate to increase 15% of total vetiverol contents, while the yields decreased until 5.6%. Refined vetiver oil by MGS are almost meet fulfill with Indonesia National Standard number 06-2386-2006 except total vetiverol contents and odor. Even though, the total vetiverol content increased and the odor became slightly smoky compare to raw material. Based on the results, MGS method can give higher purification of vetiverol of increase vetiver oil quality with easy to handle, low cost operation and also can moved to anywhere due to portable unit and mobile system

Perbandingan Pengaruh Latihan antara Passing Bawah Berpasangan dengan Passing Bawah Perorangan terhadap Keterampilan Passing Bawah pada Tim Bola Voli Putra Sman 1 Pekanbaru

The problem in this research is that the lower passing skill of male volleyball team SMAN 1 Pekanbaru is considered to be poor, it could be seen when the team was attempting to catch the lower passing ball by the teammate, and also the ball movement was not correct. This is an experimental research, population used for this research is male volleyball team of SMAN 1 Pekanbaru, and a total of 12 players was contributed as samples. The data needed was collected from pre-test and post-test. The instrument of this research is a lower pass to the wall to measure their skill on it. The variables of this research are paired and individual lower passing as independent variable (X) and lower passing skill as dependent variable (Y). data collected was processed statistically to examine the normality by using liliefors test at 0,05α significance level. Hypothesis proposed was there is an impact on doing paired and individual lower passing exercise to lower passing skill. Referred to t-test analysis, it is concluded: 1) Tcount 9,42 > Ttable 2,015, 2) Tcount 12,15 > Ttable 2,015, 3) Tcount 4,28 > Ttable 1,812. In conclusion, Ho is rejected and HI is accepted, it has shown a significant impact of paired and individual lower passing training to lower passing skill on male volleyball team of SMAN 1 Pekanbaru

Developing Booklet Based on the Research Result of the Effect of Formalin-added-tofu to Hepar Histopatology of Male Mice Balb/c Strain

Formalin is a dangerous food preservative which has been banned to be used. Formalin is often used because it is relatively cheap and simple to use. This study aimed to analyze the effect of formalin to damage liver histology of male mice. Mice used were male mice Balb/C strain aged 4 weeks and weighted 20 to 22 grams. The extract of formalin-added-tofu, which were the concentration of: 0.1%, 1.68%, and 3.35%, 5.1%, 6.7%, were given orally per day for 12 weeks. At the end of 12th week, the mice were dissected and the liver were taken which then made preparations. The liver histological preparations were observed under a dino lite microscope in five different visual field, with a magnification of 800 times. For each of field of views, 20 cells were randomly counted. The average of weighted score of histopathological liver of five field of views then were randomly calculated for each mice. The scoring model used was Histopathology Manja Roenigk. The total of damage percentage occurred was recorded and calculated. The results showed that oral exposure to formaldehyde increases the amount of damage significantly in male mice strain Balb/C. The research results were presented in the form of booklets as a means of communication to the public media to broaden the danger of formalin-added-tofu. The booklet was made in order to perform the role of education as an agent of society renewal insight and knowledge. In addition, it also creating a continuous learning

Aktivitas Antivirus Ekstrak Etanol Daun Bandotan (Ageratum Conyzoides L.) Terhadap Virus Newcastle Disease Beserta Profil Kromatografi Lapis Tipis

Virus merupakan parasit berukuran mikroskopik, menginfeksi sel organisme biologis, dan hanya dapat bereproduksi dalam material hidup. Daun Bandotan (Ageratum conyzoides L.), pada umumnya digunakan untuk mengobati demam, menghilangkan pembengkakan dan sakit tenggorokan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya aktivitas antivirus dari ekstrak etanol daun bandotan (Ageratum conyzoides L.) terhadap virus Newcastle Disease beserta profil kromatografi lapis tipisnya. Ektrak dibuat dengan cara maserasi menggunakan cairan penyari etanol 96 %. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara in Ovo yaitu dengan mengunakan telur ayam berembrio umur 9 – 11 hari. Pengamatan penghambatan virus digunakan uji hemaglutinasi (HA). Penelitian ini dianalisis dengan Uji Anava. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol daun bandotan mampu menghambat pertumbuhan virus Newcastle Disease. Konsentrasi yang digunakan adalah 1, 10 dan 100g/ml, dengan hambatan tertinggi 99.480.23 % dan terendah 50.00±0 %. Aktivitas antivirus ekstrak etanol daun bandotan (Ageratum conyzoides L.) terhadap virus Newcastle Disease mempunyai perbedaan yang bermakna antara ketiga konsentrasi (

Daya Tarik Wisata Waduk Panji Sukarame Sebagai Objek Wisata di Kota Tenggarong

The purpose of this study was to determine the tourist attraction in Waduk Panji Sukarame. Tenggarong City has one of the mainstay tourist destinations in East Kalimantan, one of which is the Waduk Panji Sukarame as a tourist attraction, as a tourist attraction and object, it is necessary to hold a good management process so that visitors become interested in coming to the place. This study finds out what tourist attractions are in the Waduk Panji Sukarame Tenggarong, Kutai Kartanegara Regency, East Kalimantan. The research method used is the descriptive qualitative research method. The data collected is through direct observation and interviews with the managers of the Waduk Panji Sukarame. Waduk Panji Sukarame has natural attractions. It has an orchid garden and has artificial gazebo tours, colourful bridges, unique toilets, flying fox, duck bikes, viewing towers, playgrounds. The Waduk Panji Sukarame has a tourist attraction and is worthy as a tourist attraction

Synthesis and Properties of Ethoxylated Glycerol Monooleate as Palm Oil Based Nonionic Surfactants

Palm oil based nonionic surfactants were synthesized by reacting glycerol monooleate with ethylene oxide at 80 ºC in the prescence of an alkaline catalyst. Purification of the products was conducted by use of acetic acid and black carbon which gave ethoxylated products (EGMO) with a higher level of viscocity and greater solubility in water. Physical and chemical properties of the product such as surface activity, cloud point, acid value, ester value, hydroxyl value, and hydrophilic-lipophilic balance was also determined and results varied depending on the reagent molar ratio. The synthesized EGMO were soluble in water and therefore show potential use as surface active agents in personal care and cosmetic products

Designing Optimal Speed Control with Observer Using Integrated Battery-electric Vehicle (IBEV) Model for Energy Efficiency

This paper develops an optimal speed control using a linear quadratic integral (LQI) control standard with/without an observer in the system based on an integrated battery-electric vehicle (IBEV) model. The IBEV model includes the dynamics of the electric motor, longitudinal vehicle, inverter, and battery. The IBEV model has one state variable of indirectly measured and unobservable, but the system is detectable. The objectives of this study were: (a) to create a speed control that gets the exact solution for a system with one indirect measurement and unobservable state variable; and (b) to create a speed control that has the potential to make a more efficient energy system. A full state feedback LQI controller without an observer is used as a benchmark. Two output feedback LQI controllers are designed; including one controller uses an order-4 observer and the other uses an order-5 observer. The order-4 observer does not include the battery state of charge as an observer state whereas the order-5 observer is designed by making all the state variable as the observer state and using the battery state of charge as an additional system output. An electric passenger minibus for public transport with 1500 kg weight was used as the vehicle model. Simulations were performed when the vehicle moves in a flat surface with the increased speed from stationary to 60 km/h and moves according to standard NEDC driving profile. The simulation results showed that both the output feedback LQI controllers provided similar speed performance as compared to the full state feedback LQI controller. However, the output feedback LQI controller with the order-5 observer consumed less energy than with the order-4 observer, which is about 10% for NEDC driving profile and 12% for a flat surface. It can be concluded that the LQI controller with order-5 observer gives better energy efficiency than the LQI controller with order-4 observe

Clinical and genetic factors associated with kidney tubular dysfunction in a real-life single centre cohort of HIV-positive patients

BACKGROUND: Tenofovir (TDF) is one of the most widely used antiretroviral drug. Despite the high degree of tolerability a small percentage of patients experienced alteration in tubular function during TDF use. Intracellular TDF disposition is regulated by ATP-binding cassette (ABC) drug efflux transporters and, a reduced transport activity may be implicated in accumulation of TDF into the cells. The aim of our study was to assess the major determinants of TDF associated tubular dysfunction (KTD) in a real-life setting including the usefulness of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) mapping into ABCC2, ABCC4 and ABCC10 genes. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed all HIV positive patients who were followed at the Infectious Diseases Unit, DIBIC Luigi Sacco, University of Milan from April 2013 to June 2016. All patients treated with TDF who underwent a genotypization for the functional variants mapping in ABCC2 rs717620 (-24 C > T), ABCC4 rs1751034 (3463 A > G) and ABCC10 rs2125739 (T > C) were evaluated. KTD was defined as the presence of urine phosphate wasting and/or proteinuria at 24 h urine analysis. RESULTS: One hundred fifty-eight patients were genotyped, of which 42 (26.6%) experienced signs of KTD. No statistical significant differences were observed among patients with or without KTD regarding age, gender, ethnicity and comorbidities (hypertension and diabetes). The percentage of patients with KTD was higher among those with "GG" genotype at rs1751034 of ABCC4 compared to patients without KTD [6 (14.3%) vs 4 (3.5%), p = 0.01]. No statistical significant differences were observed regarding the distribution of ABCC2 and ABCC10 SNPs. Carriers of "G" allele in homozygous status at rs1751034 of ABCC4 showed a significant association with KTD (Odds Ratio 4.67, 95% CI 1.25-17.46, p = 0.02) in bivariate analysis, but this association was lost in multivariable analysis. A significant association between bone diseases and KTD was observed (Odds Ratio 3.178, 95%CI 1.529-6.603, p = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: According to our results ABCC4 rs1751034 could be a genetic determinant of KTD; however validation studies are needed for therapy personalization. Noteworthy, a strong association between bone disease and KTD was also observed