46 research outputs found
Objetos virtuais de aprendizagem: contribuiçÔes para o processo de aprendizagem em saĂșde e enfermagem
Intimate partner violence against women in an economically vulnerable urban area, Central-West Brazil
OBJETIVO: Estimar a prevalĂȘncia de tipos de violĂȘncia e de comportamentos de controle praticados por parceiros Ăntimos contra mulheres residentes em ĂĄrea economicamente vulnerĂĄvel. MĂTODOS: Conduziu-se estudo transversal com 278 mulheres de 15 a 49 anos que tiveram parceiros Ăntimos alguma vez na vida, residentes em uma ĂĄrea metropolitana de BrasĂlia, DF, em 2007. Utilizou-se processo de amostragem aleatĂłria sistemĂĄtica. O instrumento de pesquisa constou de um questionĂĄrio com 58 perguntas desenvolvido pela Organização Mundial de SaĂșde. Foram analisadas as prevalĂȘncias de violĂȘncia fĂsica, psicolĂłgica e sexual. As variĂĄveis independentes consideradas foram caracterĂsticas sociodemogrĂĄficas da mulher, de contexto familiar e comunitĂĄrio bem como as sociodemogrĂĄfi cas do parceiro, de comportamento (freqĂŒĂȘncia do uso de bebidas ou drogas ilĂcitas e relacionamento extraconjugal). RESULTADOS: A prevalĂȘncia de violĂȘncia psicolĂłgica foi a mais alta: 80,2% (n=223) das mulheres entrevistadas relataram pelo menos um ato no decorrer da vida e 50% (n=139) nos Ășltimos 12 meses. A prevalĂȘncia de violĂȘncia fĂsica ao longo da vida foi (58,6%) e nos Ășltimos 12 meses (32%), enquanto a prevalĂȘncia de mulheres que sofreram violĂȘncia sexual foi de 28,8% e 15,5%, respectivamente. CONCLUSĂES: As altas prevalĂȘncias das violĂȘncias mostram a magnitude da vulnerabilidade e das agressĂ”es praticadas contra mulheres nas relaçÔes com parceiros Ăntimos.OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of gender-based controlling behavior and types of violence committed by intimate partners against women living in an economically vulnerable area. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was performed with 278 women aged between 15 and 49 years, who had had at least one male intimate partner in their lives and lived in a metropolitan area of the city of BrasĂlia, Central-West Brazil, in 2007. Systematic random sampling process was used. The research instrument consisted of a questionnaire with 58 questions, developed by the World Health Organization. Prevalences of physical, psychological and sexual violence were analyzed. Independent variables considered were womenâs sociodemographic, family and community context characteristics, in addition to their partnersâ sociodemographic and behavior characteristics (frequency of alcohol or illicit drug use and extra-marital relationship). RESULTS: The highest prevalence was that of psychological violence: 80.2% (n=223) of the women interviewed reported at least one act throughout their lives and 50% (n=139) in the last 12 months. Prevalence of physical violence was 58.6% throughout life and 32% in the last 12 months, whereas those of sexual violence were 28.8% and 15.5%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: High prevalences of violence show the magnitude of vulnerability and aggressions committed against women in relationships with intimate partners
Frequency of Infection of Lutzomyia Phlebotomines with Leishmania braziliensis in a Brazilian Endemic Area as Assessed by Pinpoint Capture and Polymerase Chain Reaction
Spatial resolution influence on the identification of land cover classes in the Amazon environment
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Constrained pre-equalization accounting for multi-path fading emulated using large RC networks: applications to wireless and photonics communications
Multi-path propagation is modelled assuming a multi-layer RC network with randomly allocated resistors and capacitors to represent the transmission medium. Due to frequency-selective attenuation, the waveforms associated with each propagation path incur path-dependent distortion. A pre-equalization procedure that takes into account the capabilities of the transmission source as well as the transmission properties of the medium is developed. The problem is cast within a Mixed Integer Linear Programming optimization framework that uses the developed nominal RC network model, with the excitation waveform customized to optimize signal fidelity from the transmitter to the receiver. The objective is to match a Gaussian pulse input accounting for frequency regions where there would be pronounced fading. Simulations are carried out with different network realizations in order to evaluate the sensitivity of the solution with respect to changes in the transmission medium mimicking the multi-path propagation. The proposed approach is of relevance where equalization techniques are difficult to implement. Applications are discussed within the context of emergent communication modalities across the EM spectrum such as light percolation as well as emergent indoor communications assuming various modulation protocols or UWB schemes as well as within the context of space division multiplexing