12 research outputs found

    Factors affecting the attack rate of Bemisia tabaci on cucumber.

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    The objective of this work was to determine the effects of rainfall, temperature, predators, parasitoids, plant age, leaf chemical composition, levels of leaf nitrogen and potassium, besides density of leaf trichomes, on attack intensity of Bemisia tabaci biotype B on the Cucumis sativus. An increase in the number of whitefly adults and nymphs per leaf was observed with plant aging. A higher number of whitefly adults per leaf and eggs cm-2 was verified in the apical part than in the middle and bottom part of the plants canopy. However, the higher number of whitefly nymphs was observed in the mid-part than in the apical and bottom part of the plant canopy. The incidence of whitefly nymphs was negatively affected with foliar nitrogen. Pentacosane and octacosane positively affected whitefly adults and the first compound also affected the nymphs of this pest species.Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-23T06:57:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Factors.pdf: 88525 bytes, checksum: 2ea6cbfe680ca16cf8207b075422ef41 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-10-24200

    AVALIAÃÃO DA SELETIVIDADE DE INSETICIDAS UTILIZADOS NA TOMATICULTURA A Trichogramma pretiosum RILEY (HYMENOPTERA: TRICHOGRAMMATIDAE)

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    A integração de estratégias de regulação populacional de pragas em tomateiro, por meio de Trichogramma spp. e de medidas químicas, pode reduzir os problemas ocasionados pelo uso indiscriminado de inseticidas. Neste trabalho avaliou-se o impacto dos seguintes inseticidas em g i.a. L-1 de Ã¥gua: lufenurom (0,4), triflumurom (0,15), imidaclopride (0,28), ciromazina (0,11), metoxifenozide (0,12), pirimicarbe (0,25) e abamectina (0,18) sobre Trichogramma pretiosum Riley, oriundos de Sete Lagoas, MG. Os bioensaios foram realizados, oferecendo-se às fÃÂȘmeas do parasitóide, ovos de Anagasta kuehniella (Zeller), 1h e 24h após o tratamento. Os ovos foram imersos nas caldas químicas e em Ã¥gua (testemunha), e oferecidos às fÃÂȘmeas por um período de 48h. Foram tomadas aleatoriamente 15 fÃÂȘmeas recém-emergidas (F1) de cada tratamento, para avaliação do efeito dos inseticidas sobre essa geração. Observou-se que abamectina foi o produto mais prejudicial a T. pretiosum para todas as características biológicas avaliadas. Lufenurom foi o ÃÂșnico composto que não reduziu significativamente a emergÃÂȘncia de T. pretiosum, independente da geração e da época de exposição desse parasitóide aos inseticidas. Os produtos avaliados diminuíram a longevidade dos indivíduos das geraçÔes maternal e F1. A razão sexual não foi afetada por nenhum dos compostos avaliados. Ciromazina e metoxifenozide foram os produtos menos prejudiciais a T. pretiosum. Palavras-chave: Parasitóide, tomate, produtos fitossanitÃ¥rios, impacto ABSTRACT The integration of population regulation strategy of pests in tomato crop through Trichogramma spp. and chemical control, can decrease the problems associated with indiscriminate use of insecticides. This work was carried out to evaluate the impact of insecticides, in grams a.i. L-1 of water: lufenuron (0.4), triflumuron (0.15), imidacloprid (0.28), cyromazine (0.11), methoxifenozide (0.12), pirimicarb (0.25) and abamectin (0.18), on a strain of Trichogramma pretiosum Riley from Sete Lagoas, MG, Brazil. Eggs of Anagasta kuehniella (Zeller) were exposed to parasitism 1 hour and 24 hours after their immersion in the chemical solutions and in water (control). The eggs were dipped for five seconds in solutions and later on they were offered to the parasitism for 48 hours. To evaluate the effects of the insecticides to parasitoids of the generation F1, 15 females were taken at random. Abamectin was the most toxic for all biological parameters of T. pretiosum. Lufenuron was the only compound that did not reduced the emergency of T. pretiosum significantly, independent of the generation and time of exposition of that parasitoids. The evaluated products reduced the longevity of individuals maternal and F1 stage. The sexual rate did not affected by none evaluated products. Cyromazine and methoxifenozide were less toxic products to T. pretiosum. Key words: Parasitoid, tomato, pesticides, impac

    Parasitismo natural em ovos crisopĂ­deos Natural egg parasitism of chrysopids

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    Os predadores, em geral, apresentam hĂĄbitos generalistas e por isso podem ser usados em programas de controle biolĂłgico, em diferentes agroecossistemas. A sobrevivĂȘncia dos predadores Ă© afetada por diversos fatores, como, por exemplo, a presença de parasitĂłides. Este trabalho foi conduzido com os objetivos de identificar os parasitĂłides de crisopĂ­deos, especialmente os parasitĂłides de ovos, e determinar o nĂ­vel de parasitismo natural. As amostragens foram feitas na Embrapa Hortaliças, em campos de milho-doce, de setembro/1997 a fevereiro/1998. Os ovos de crisopĂ­deos foram coletados semanalmente, sendo individualizados em cĂĄpsulas de gelatina atĂ© a emergĂȘncia da larva e/ou do parasitĂłide. Foram coletados 800 ovos de crisopĂ­deos, sendo que em 71% dos ovos, as larvas sobreviveram; 9% dos ovos foram considerados inviĂĄveis e 20% foram parasitados por seis espĂ©cies de microhimenĂłpteros. Destes, 57% foram parasitados por Telenomus sp. (Scelionidae), 32% por Trichogramma pretiosum (Trichogrammatidae), 6% por Oencyrtus chrysopae Crawford (Encyrtidae) e 5% por Aprostocetus sp. (Eulophidae).<br>Most predators, in general, have generalist habits and can be used as biological control agents in several crops. Predator survival is affected by several factors, such as occurrence of parasitoids. The main purpose of this research was to identify the parasitoids of chrysopids, especially egg parasitoids and their level of parasitism. The samples were taken in a sweet-corn field at Embrapa Hortaliças from September/1997 to February/1998. The chrysopids eggs were collected weekly and then individualized in gelatine capsules until larval or parasitoid emergency. A total of 800 eggs were collected. The predator emerged from 71% of the eggs, 9% were inviable eggs and the other 20% were parasitized by six species of microhymenopterans. Among these, 57% were parasitized by Telenomus sp. (Scelionidae), 32% were parasitized by Trichogramma pretiosum (Trichogrammatidae), 6% by Oencyrtus chrysopae Crawford (Encyrtidae) and 5% by Aprostocetus sp. (Eulophidae)
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