COMPETENCY-BASED TRAINING IN NURSING: LIMITS AND POSSIBILITIES

Objective To analyze the possibilities and limits of competency-based training in nursing. Method An integrative review of the literature on the subject was carried out, and an analysis was made of the results of a survey evaluating a nursing course based on areas of competency. A dialog was then established between the review and the results of the research. Results On the question of which theoretical type of competency the articles from the literature relate to, there is a predominance of the constructivist perspective, followed by the functionalist approach and the dialog-based approach. In the dialog between the literature and the research, limits and possibilities were observed in the development of a training by areas of competency. Conclusion The dialog-based approach to competency is the proposition that most approximates to the profile defined by the National Curriculum Guidelines for training in nursing, and this was also identified in the evaluation survey that was studied. However, it is found that there are aspects on better work is needed, such as: partnership between school and the workplace, the role of the teacher, the role of the student, and the process of evaluation

Circular RNA detection identifies circPSEN1 alterations in brain specific to autosomal dominant Alzheimer's disease

Background: Autosomal-dominant Alzheimer's disease (ADAD) is caused by pathogenic mutations in APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2, which usually lead to an early age at onset (< 65). Circular RNAs are a family of non-coding RNAs highly expressed in the nervous system and especially in synapses. We aimed to investigate differences in brain gene expression of linear and circular transcripts from the three ADAD genes in controls, sporadic AD, and ADAD. Methods: We obtained and sequenced RNA from brain cortex using standard protocols. Linear counts were obtained using the TOPMed pipeline; circular counts, using python package DCC. After stringent quality control (QC), we obtained the counts for PSEN1, PSEN2 and APP genes. Only circPSEN1 passed QC. We used DESeq2 to compare the counts across groups, correcting for biological and technical variables. Finally, we performed in-silico functional analyses using the Circular RNA interactome website and DIANA mirPath software. Results: Our results show significant differences in gene counts of circPSEN1 in ADAD individuals, when compared to sporadic AD and controls (ADAD = 21, AD = 253, Controls = 23-ADADvsCO: log2FC = 0.794, p = 1.63 × 10-04, ADADvsAD: log2FC = 0.602, p = 8.22 × 10-04). The high gene counts are contributed by two circPSEN1 species (hsa_circ_0008521 and hsa_circ_0003848). No significant differences were observed in linear PSEN1 gene expression between cases and controls, indicating that this finding is specific to the circular forms. In addition, the high circPSEN1 levels do not seem to be specific to PSEN1 mutation carriers; the counts are also elevated in APP and PSEN2 mutation carriers. In-silico functional analyses suggest that circPSEN1 is involved in several pathways such as axon guidance (p = 3.39 × 10-07), hippo signaling pathway (p = 7.38 × 10-07), lysine degradation (p = 2.48 × 10-05) or Wnt signaling pathway (p = 5.58 × 10-04) among other KEGG pathways. Additionally, circPSEN1 counts were able to discriminate ADAD from sporadic AD and controls with an AUC above 0.70. Conclusions: Our findings show the differential expression of circPSEN1 is increased in ADAD. Given the biological function previously ascribed to circular RNAs and the results of our in-silico analyses, we hypothesize that this finding might be related to neuroinflammatory events that lead or that are caused by the accumulation of amyloid-beta

Aplicação de mapa conceitual para identificação de diagnósticos de enfermagem

Trata-se de relato de experiência cujo objetivo é o de relatar a aplicação do Mapa Conceitual como estratégia para desenvolver habilidades de pensamento crítico, na identificação dos diagnósticos de enfermagem prioritários numa situação clínica. Para tanto, apresenta-se o caso clínico fictício elaborado e o Mapa Conceitual construído com o auxílio do software Cmaps Tools. Concluiu-se que a utilização do Mapa Conceitual na identificação dos diagnósticos de enfermagem possibilitou o desenvolvimento de habilidades do pensamento crítico, devendo seu uso ser estimulado ao longo da formação acadêmica

Compreendendo as intenções das ações de um corpo docente multiprofissional em um curso de graduação em enfermagem Comprendiendo las intenciones de las acciones de un cuerpo docente multiprofesional en un curso de pregrado en enfermería Understanding the intentions of actions of a multiprofessional teaching staff at a nursing undergraduate course

O objetivo deste estudo foi compreender as intenções das ações dos docentes enfermeiros e docentes de outras áreas da saúde em um curso de graduação em enfermagem. Foram entrevistados quatro docentes de cada categoria utilizando-se a questão norteadora: O que você espera com suas ações docentes neste Curso de Enfermagem? O referencial de análise utilizado foi a fenomenologia social de Alfred Schütz. Foi desvelado que as intenções das ações desses docentes são de trabalhar com o aluno vendo-o como futuro profissional, procurando fazê-los refletir sobre seus saberes, suas atitudes e comportamentos, esperando que ele saiba pensar de forma crítica, tomar decisões e que seja tecnicamente competente. Desejam ainda colaborar no crescimento pessoal do aluno, acreditando que ser docente é ser pesquisador ajudando o aluno adquirir um olhar investigativo e tendo a intenção de fornecer conteúdos que sejam significativos para a vida pessoal e profissional dos alunos.<br>El objetivo de este estudio fue comprender las intenciones de las acciones de los docentes enfermeros y docentes de otras áreas de la salud en un curso de pregrado en enfermería. Fueron entrevistados cuatro docentes de cada categoría utilizando la pregunta norteadora: ¿ qué espera ud. con sus acciones docentes en este Curso de Enfermería? El referencial de análisis utilizado fue la fenomenología social de Alfred Schütz. Fue develado que las intenciones de las acciones de esos docentes son trabajar con el alumno viéndolo como futuro profesional, procurando hacerlos reflexionar sobre sus saberes, actitudes y comportamientos, esperando que él sepa pensar de forma crítica, tomar decisiones y que sea técnicamente competente. Desean, aún, colaborar en el crecimiento personal del alumno, acreditando que ser docente es ser investigador ayudando al alumno a adquirir una mirada investigativa y teniendo la intención de ofrecer contenidos que sean significativos para la vida personal y profesional de los mismos.<br>The objective of this study was to understand the intentions of actions of a nursing teaching staff and the ones from other healthcare areas at a nursing undergraduate course. Four teachers from each category were interviewed using the guiding question: What do you expect from your teaching action in this nursing course? It was used the social phenomenology by Alfred Schütz as the referential of analysis. It was revealed that the intention of actions from the teaching staff are working with the students seeing them as future professionals trying to make them reflect on their knowledge, attitudes and behaviors, hoping them to think in a critical way, make decisions and be technically competent. They also want to collaborate for the students' self-growth, believing that being a teaching staff member is being a researcher helping students to acquire investigative view and having intention to provide meaningful contends to students' personal and professional lives