NEOLOGISMS IN BUSINESS DISCOURSE OF A FOREIGN LANGUAGE: TEACHING METHODS AND STRATEGIES (BASED ON THE ITALIAN AND FRENCH MATERIAL)

Research is dedicated to the linguistic phenomenon of neologisms in business discourse of the French and Italian languages. The problem that authors face is how to teach foreign language learners to recognize and understand neologisms, which occur so often in the business press? The matter concerns primarily in the word-formative aspect, in other words it is about the typical and most frequent morphemes, which are involved in the formation of neologisms in Italian and French. The relevance of this topic is explained by the fact that neologisms are a common phenomenon for any living language. They are the most typical for the language of journalism, which aims to the brightness and imagery. At the same time for foreign language learners neologisms are certain complexity even at an advanced stage of training. Thereafter, the question arises, at what stage of learning a foreign language it is necessary to enter the information about neologisms into the learning process and by what methods to develop students' skills of recognition and treatment of neologisms. Accordingly, in the first part of the study the authors identify and list the word-forming elements involved in the formation of neologisms (for example, suffixes -zzare, -zzarsi, -zzazione, -ista, -poli, ismo, -stan, nano-, narco-, bio-, anti-et al. in Italian, -it, -ard, -iste, -isme, super-, ultra-, archi-, extra, sur-, bio-, anti-in French). The material for the article was taken from the most authoritative business newspapers and magazines of Italy (Il sole 24 ore, Corriere della sera, La Stampa) and France (Le Figaro, Le Monde, Le Parisien). In the second part of the study are available methods and techniques of working with neologisms at foreign language lessons. The matter concerns a series of tasks and exercises based on authentic materials, where students are invited to reveal neologisms in the context and to analyze them, to explore their inner form and stylistic characteristics, to infer about the author's intentions. It is also useful to create own neologisms on basis of revealed word-formative models and to make comparisons with the native language. Reading of specialized newspapers in full extent is possible certainly on the advanced stage of language study (B1-B2 levels), but at least some elements of the introduced system can and should be used earlier to develop the right approach of the students to the specialized professional discourse. The developed system can be used not only on the material of similar French and Italian languages, but also on others. The theoretical basis of the research were the works of reputable scientists in linguists, as foreign (G.L. Beccaria, M. Dardano, J. Dubois, E. Pichon, L. Depecker, J. Picoche, A. Rey), and native (N.A. Katagoschina, I.V. Skuratov, G.V. Ovchinnikova, I.A. Tsybova)

NEOLOGISMS IN BUSINESS DISCOURSE OF A FOREIGN LANGUAGE: TEACHING METHODS AND STRATEGIES (BASED ON THE ITALIAN AND FRENCH MATERIAL)

Research is dedicated to the linguistic phenomenon of neologisms in business discourse of the French and Italian languages. The problem that authors face is how to teach foreign language learners to recognize and understand neologisms, which occur so often in the business press? The matter concerns primarily in the word-formative aspect, in other words it is about the typical and most frequent morphemes, which are involved in the formation of neologisms in Italian and French. The relevance of this topic is explained by the fact that neologisms are a common phenomenon for any living language. They are the most typical for the language of journalism, which aims to the brightness and imagery. At the same time for foreign language learners neologisms are certain complexity even at an advanced stage of training. Thereafter, the question arises, at what stage of learning a foreign language it is necessary to enter the information about neologisms into the learning process and by what methods to develop students' skills of recognition and treatment of neologisms. Accordingly, in the first part of the study the authors identify and list the word-forming elements involved in the formation of neologisms (for example, suffixes -zzare, -zzarsi, -zzazione, -ista, -poli, ismo, -stan, nano-, narco-, bio-, anti-et al. in Italian, -it, -ard, -iste, -isme, super-, ultra-, archi-, extra, sur-, bio-, anti-in French). The material for the article was taken from the most authoritative business newspapers and magazines of Italy (Il sole 24 ore, Corriere della sera, La Stampa) and France (Le Figaro, Le Monde, Le Parisien). In the second part of the study are available methods and techniques of working with neologisms at foreign language lessons. The matter concerns a series of tasks and exercises based on authentic materials, where students are invited to reveal neologisms in the context and to analyze them, to explore their inner form and stylistic characteristics, to infer about the author's intentions. It is also useful to create own neologisms on basis of revealed word-formative models and to make comparisons with the native language. Reading of specialized newspapers in full extent is possible certainly on the advanced stage of language study (B1-B2 levels), but at least some elements of the introduced system can and should be used earlier to develop the right approach of the students to the specialized professional discourse. The developed system can be used not only on the material of similar French and Italian languages, but also on others. The theoretical basis of the research were the works of reputable scientists in linguists, as foreign (G.L. Beccaria, M. Dardano, J. Dubois, E. Pichon, L. Depecker, J. Picoche, A. Rey), and native (N.A. Katagoschina, I.V. Skuratov, G.V. Ovchinnikova, I.A. Tsybova)

New composites based on zeolites (H-Beta, H-ZSM-5) and nanosized titanium(iv) oxide (anatase and η-phase) doped by Ni, Ag, V with photocatalytic, adsorption and bactericidal properties

New NT:M/zeolite composites with functional nanoparticles of titanium(iv) oxides NT (η-phase and anatase) have been prepared by introducing nitrates with dopant metals (M = Ag, Ni, and V) and zeolites (H-Beta and H-ZSM-5) within the process of NT synthesis during the hydrolysis of TiOSO4·nH2O. The prepared composites have been characterized by X-ray diffraction, XAS-method, XPS-spectroscopy, UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller and chemoluminescence methods. The greatest photodegradation rate constants (visible light radiation) were achieved in the reaction of thiamethoxam pesticide and difenoconazole fungicide oxidation in the presence of NE:Ni/H-Beta (NE - η-phase with composition TiO2−x·nH2O),i.e. k= 0.0270 min−1andk= 0.0147 min−1respectively, that is 2.5 times higher than thekvalue obtained for the commercial anatase Hombifine N (UV-irradiation). A relationship between the photocatalytic activity (PCA) and the NT:zeolite ratio, the type and concentration of M, the type of NT and zeolite, the content of OH groups and the reactive oxygen species (radical anions ˙OH, ˙O2−and H2O2) on the surface, and the composition and structure of the decomposed pollutant has been found. The decisive role of the composition of the volume and surface of nanocomposites in the realization of PCA has been noted. The adsorption (removal of P(v), As(v), Se(vi) ions from aqueous solutions) and antimicrobial activities (against bacteriaStaphylococcus epidermidis,Bacillus antracoides,Escherichia coli) of the NT:M/zeolite composites, in the absence of light emission, have been studied for the first time and their high performance has been demonstrated: the removal degrees of P(v), As(v), and Se(vi) ions from aqueous solutions in the presence of all composites were more than 99% and the inhibition growth zone of composites NA:Ag/zeolite was >13 mm. New composites could be recommended for preparing wound dressings, antiseptic ointments for external use and water filters. © The Royal Society of Chemistry and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique 2021

Epitaxial B Graphene Large Scale Growth and Atomic Structure

Embedding foreign atoms or molecules in graphene has become the key approach in its functionalization and is intensively used for tuning its structural and electronic properties. Here, we present an efficient method based on chemical vapor deposition for large scale growth of boron-doped graphene (B-graphene) on Ni(111) and Co(0001) substrates using carborane molecules as the precursor. It is shown that up to 19 at. % of boron can be embedded in the graphene matrix and that a planar C–B sp² network is formed. It is resistant to air exposure and widely retains the electronic structure of graphene on metals. The large-scale and local structure of this material has been explored depending on boron content and substrate. By resolving individual impurities with scanning tunneling microscopy we have demonstrated the possibility for preferential substitution of carbon with boron in one of the graphene sublattices (unbalanced sublattice doping) at low doping level on the Ni(111) substrate. At high boron content the honeycomb lattice of B-graphene is strongly distorted, and therefore, it demonstrates no unballanced sublattice doping