Intellectual Interdisciplinary Support System for Making Medical Decisions in the Diagnosis of Inorganic Retroperitoneal Tumors

The paper considers the creation of the intellectual support system of medical decisions of inorganic retroperitoneal tumors. The system is focused on improvement ofdiagnostics quality ofinorganic retroperitoneal tumors - one of the most difficult at diagnosing at early stages among oncologic patients

Helical bilayer nonbenzenoid nanographene bearing a [10]helicene with two embedded heptagons

The precision synthesis of helical bilayer nanographenes (NGs) with new topology is of substantial interest because of their exotic physicochemical properties. However, helical bilayer NGs bearing non-hexagonal rings remain synthetically challenging. Here we present the efficient synthesis of the first helical bilayer nonbenzenoid nanographene (HBNG1) from a tailor-made azulene-embedded precursor, which contains a novel [10]helicene backbone with two embedded heptagons. Single-crystal X-ray analysis reveals its highly twisted bilayer geometry with a record small interlayer distance of 3.2 Å among the reported helical bilayer NGs. Notably, the close interlayer distance between the two layers offers intramolecular through-space conjugation as revealed by in situ spectroelectrochemistry studies together with DFT simulations. Furthermore, the chiroptical properties of the P/M enantiomers of HBNG1 are also evaluated by circular dichroism and circularly polarized luminescence

Intellectual Information and Training System for Software and Hardware Complexes of Morphological Diagnostics of Esophageal Tumors

The aim of the work is to create a system of formalizing knowledge in the histological diagnosis of esophageal tumors and systematic transfer of knowledge to less experienced specialists. It is also a system that will provide support in making a decision in a histological diagnosis. Keywords: esophagus, morphological, automatic work place, system of support for the solutio

Development of methodology for creating an audio guide for the blind and visually impaired people

Основной целью данной работы является разработка инновационной методологии образного и наиболее полного описания объектов с целью создания аудиогида по основным достопримечательностям города Екатеринбурга. Данный аудиогид предназначен для слепых и слабовидящих людей. Подобный проект может иметь серьезный социальный резонанс, а также значим с точки зрения увеличения комфорта городской среды для людей с ограниченными возможностями. Поскольку подобных аудиогидов в Российской Федерации не создано, применение стандартных методик к созданию туристического продукта невозможно. Реализация проекта, направленного на разработку методологии описания городских объектов и подбор маршрута для людей с ограниченными возможностями, позволит коллективу молодых ученых кафедры получить результат, который в дальнейшем может иметь как дальнейшее научное развитие, так и варианты применения в сфере туризма.The main purpose of this work is to develop an innovative methodology of figurative and the most complete descriptions of objects in order to create an audio guide of the main attractions of the city of Yekaterinburg. This audio guide is designed for the blind and visually impaired people. Such a project can have serious social resonance, as well as significant in terms of increasing the comfort of the urban environment for people with disabilities. Since these audio guides in the Russian Federation doesn’t exist, the application of standard techniques to create a tourism product is not possible. The implementation of a project aimed at developing a methodology descriptions of urban facilities and the selection of a route for people with disabilities, will allow the team of young scientists of the department to get the result, which in the future may have a further scientific development and applications of in tourism.Программа развития УрФУ на 2013 год (п.2.1.1.1

Research of the Leukocytes Segmentation Method in the Blood Cells Recognition Systems

The paper proposed a method of segmentation of leukocytes from the blood and bone marrow samples. A study of the accuracy characteristics of the method is carried out. The techniques of watersheds and the distances transformation were used as the basis of our segmentation method to achieve optimal segmentation of leukocyte. Proposed method was successfully embedded in the system of automatic recognition of white blood cells for classification of blood cells. Keywords: white blood cells segmentation, cells recognition, watershed method, distance transformation method, acute leukemia

Interaction of erythrocyte membranes with derivatives of 3-oxypiridines

In connection with the increased interest in the use of auto-erythrocytes for directional drug transport, the study of the ability of erythrocytes to sorb an antioxidant drug is becoming topical. The article considers the method of spectrophotometry developed for evaluating the ability of erythrocytes to load with a mexidol preparation under conditions of natural sorption and a method created for determining the drug concentration in erythrocyte biological medias. Materials and methods. The peripheral blood of 15 clinically healthy males aged 20 to 45 years was used as an object of the study. A pharmaceutical preparation of oxymethylethylpyridine succinate-mexidol (ZAO «Pharmasoft», Russia) was used for clinical studies. The drug belongs to the group of 3-hydroxypyridines. The inclusion of mexidol was carried out by direct incubation of erythrocytes in a medium containing this preparation. The concentrations of the preparation were 1.25,2.5 and 5 ßg/ml and the incubation time was 15,20 and 3o minutes. The supernatant was obtained by centrifugation for 10 minutes at 3000 rpm on a SF-2000 spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 630 nm. In addition to the pharmacopoeial method, the oxidation-reduction reaction of the supernatant with methylene blue was used. Results. When measuring the spectra of the supernatant with different concentration of the preparation and using methylene blue, a regression relationship between mexidol and optical density was established, and the optimal exposure time of red blood cells and the drug was determined. These data can be used to control the directional transport of the drug to target organs. A model of the equation for determination of the mexidol content in biomedids is proposed

Screening, identification, and antibiotic activity of secondary metabolites of Penicillium sp. LPB2019K3-2 isolated from endemic amphipods of Lake Baikal

This study aimed to assess the influence of nutrient media content on the production of antibiotics and the ability of water fungi isolated from lake Baikal to synthesize novel natural products. Interest in this topic stems from the high demand for new drugs, and studies are carried out via the screening of new natural products with biological activity produced by unstudied or extremophilic microorganisms. For this study, a strain of Penicillium sp. was isolated from endemic Baikal phytophagous amphipod species. Here, we identified natural products using the following classical assays: biotechnological cultivation, MALDI identification of the strain, natural product extraction, antimicrobial activity determination, and modern methods such as HPLC-MS for the dereplication and description of natural products. It was found that many detected metabolites were not included in the most extensive database. Most of the identified metabolites were characterized by their biological activity and demonstrated antibiotic activity against model Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The isolated strain of water fungus produced penicolinate B, meleagrin A, austinoneol A, andrastin A, and other natural products. Additionally, we show that the synthesis of low-molecular-weight natural products depends on the composition of the microbiological nutrient media used for cultivation. Thus, although the golden age of antibiotics ended many years ago and microscopic fungi are well studied producers of known antibiotics, the water fungi of the Lake Baikal ecosystem possess great potential in the search for new natural products for the development of new drugs. These natural products can become new pharmaceuticals and can be used in therapy to treat new diseases such as SARS, MERS, H5N1, etc

FIRST REPORT ON TRUFFLE-INHABITING FUNGI AND METAGENOMIC COMMUNITIES OF TUBER AESTIVUM COLLECTED IN RUSSIA

Truffles are one of the least studied groups of fungi in terms of their biological and biotechnological aspects. This study aimed to isolate truffle-inhabiting fungi and assess the metagenomic communities of the most common Russian summer truffle, Tuber aestivum. This study is the first to characterize the biodiversity of prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms living in the truffle T. aestivum using molecular analysis and sequencing. Plant pathogens involved in a symbiotic relationship with truffles were identified by sequencing the hypervariable fragments of the 16S rRNA and 18S rRNA genes. In addition, some strains of fungal symbionts and likely pathogens were isolated and recognized for the first time from the truffles. This study also compared and characterized the general diversity and distribution of microbial taxa of T. aestivum collected in Russia and Europe. The results revealed that the Russian and European truffle study materials demonstrated high similarity. In addition to the truffles, representatives of bacteria, fungi, and protists were found in the fruiting bodies. Many of these prokaryotic and eukaryotic species inhabiting truffles might influence them, help them form mycorrhizae with trees, and regulate biological processes. Thus, truffles are interesting and promising sources for modern biotechnological and agricultural studies

Mediator of DNA Damage Checkpoint 1 (MDC1) Contributes to High NaCl-Induced Activation of the Osmoprotective Transcription Factor TonEBP/OREBP

Background: Hypertonicity, such as induced by high NaCl, increases the activity of the transcription factor TonEBP/OREBP whose target genes increase osmoprotective organic osmolytes and heat shock proteins. Methodology: We used mass spectrometry to analyze proteins that coimmunoprecipitate with TonEBP/OREBP in order to identify ones that might contribute to its high NaCl-induced activation. Principal Findings: We identified 20 unique peptides from Mediator of DNA Damage Checkpoint 1 (MDC1) with high probability. The identification was confirmed by Western analysis. We used small interfering RNA knockdown of MDC1 to characterize its osmotic function. Knocking down MDC1 reduces high NaCl-induced increases in TonEBP/OREBP transcriptional and transactivating activity, but has no significant effect on its nuclear localization. We confirm six previously known phosphorylation sites in MDC1, but do not find evidence that high NaCl increases phosphorylation of MDC1. It is suggestive that MDC1 acts as a DNA damage response protein since hypertonicity reversibly increases DNA breaks, and other DNA damage response proteins, like ATM, also associate with TonEBP/OREBP and contribute to its activation by hypertonicity. Conclusions/Significance: MDC1 associates with TonEBP/OREBP and contributes to high NaCl-induced increase of tha

System Approach to the Development of Intelligent Complexes of Oncological Diagnostics

The system approach to the development of intellectual complexes in cancer diagnosis are discussed in the article. Distinctive features of this approach: the participation of pathologist at the stage of description of recognizable images (the description is based on traditional assessments of quality informative features of tumors); the set of the most similar probabilistic diagnoses is forming on the classification stage of recognition; final histological diagnosis is made by pathologist. The proposed approach has been successfully tested in clinical practice. Keywords: image processing, image description, image classification, pattern recognition, qualitative attributes of tumor images, interactive recognition, cancer diagnosis, decision support syste