Individual’s Dominants as Vector of Language Interpretation of Quantity

The study considers the dominant principle of sense formation in the process of reality perception and conceptualization including the quantitative aspect of being. The individually significant structures of knowledge, i.e. the dominants of the individual’s linguistic consciousness, determine and direct the process of language interpretation. The novelty of the study is seen in the attempt to model the principles of linguistic consciousness in understanding the quantitative properties and relationships. The relevance of the study is determined by the chosen cognitive approach involving the correlation between different mental structures, formats of knowledge and their language representation. The analysis of the empiric material, including the data of English, French, Russian languages, reveals not only the standards of interpretation, i.e. markers of the dominant zones of individual’s linguistic consciousness “exposing” different priority areas, but also identifies cognitive and linguistic mechanisms of meaning configuration. The repertoire of the dominant linguistic consciousness seems to be unique for each individual, because the formation, presence and the degree of certain knowledge structures ‘prominence’ are conditioned by the individual cognitive experience which depends on many factors. The application of the dominant principle allows demonstrating the variability of the cognitive content formatting, the level of linguistic personality development and, as a consequence, the degree of a person’s linguistic creativity

Role of Numerical Symbolism in Interpreting Relations and Properties of Reality

The role of numerical symbolism in the interpretation of the results of understanding the surrounding reality, interpreting its relations and properties, forming the image of the world is considered. Special attention is given to the transcendental nature of numerical symbolism, which consists in the fact that, being the archetype of the unconscious human, being one of the basic symbols and cognitive patterns common to all of humanity, the image of the number is incorporated in the human consciousness. Numerical symbolism, as one of the areas of human knowledge, played an important role in the formation of not only early ideas about the world, but also cultural systems in general. Contemporary understanding of the deep structure of nature and the human mind, based on the correlation with the number, indicates the use of numbers not only as a tool for calculation, but also as a tool of interpretation of properties and relations of reality, which is reflected in the language. The results of the comparative analysis of phraseological units with a numerological component in English, French, Russian languages are presented. Analysis of factual material shows that the numbers represent a character a class of signs focused on qualitative and quantitative assessment. This determines the relevance of further development of the problem of interpreting the potential number

Resolution on the results of the First All-Russian Forum "Therapeutic Education in Endocrinology"

According to the decision of the WHO, therapeutic education (TE) of patients is an independent branch of medicine and an essential component of the treatment of chronic diseases, primarily diabetes mellitus and obesity. TE is implemented through the creation of “Schools for patients with diabetes mellitus” and “Schools for patients with overweight” (“Schools”) as a structural unit of a medical institution. On April 25–26, 2022, the First All-Russian Forum «Therapeutic Education in Endocrinology» was held online, organized by the Public Organization «Russian Association of Endocrinologists», which was attended by leading experts in this field. As a result of its work, this Resolution was adopted by the experts. It discusses the methodological and pedagogical foundations of TE, it is proposed to make changes related to the organization of the work of «Schools», tariffing in the obligatory health insurance system, and training of personnel, including nurses

Recommendations from the European Working Group for Value Assessment and Funding Processes in Rare Diseases (ORPH-VAL)

International audienceAbstractRare diseases are an important public health issue with high unmet need. The introduction of the EU Regulation on orphan medicinal products (OMP) has been successful in stimulating investment in the research and development of OMPs. Despite this advancement, patients do not have universal access to these new medicines. There are many factors that affect OMP uptake, but one of the most important is the difficulty of making pricing and reimbursement (P&R) decisions in rare diseases. Until now, there has been little consensus on the most appropriate assessment criteria, perspective or appraisal process. This paper proposes nine principles to help improve the consistency of OMP P&R assessment in Europe and ensure that value assessment, pricing and funding processes reflect the specificities of rare diseases and contribute to both the sustainability of healthcare systems and the sustainability of innovation in this field. These recommendations are the output of the European Working Group for Value Assessment and Funding Processes in Rare Diseases (ORPH-VAL), a collaboration between rare disease experts, patient representatives, academics, health technology assessment (HTA) practitioners, politicians and industry representatives. ORPH-VAL reached its recommendations through careful consideration of existing OMP P&R literature and through a wide consultation with expert stakeholders, including payers, regulators and patients. The principles cover four areas: OMP decision criteria, OMP decision process, OMP sustainable funding systems and European co-ordination. This paper also presents a guide to the core elements of value relevant to OMPs that should be consistently considered in all OMP appraisals. The principles outlined in this paper may be helpful in drawing together an emerging consensus on this topic and identifying areas where consistency in payer approach could be achievable and beneficial. All stakeholders have an obligation to work together to ensure that the promise of OMP’s is realised

ПРЕУМЕНЬШЕНИЕ И ПРЕУВЕЛИЧЕНИЕ КАК ДВЕ ИПОСТАСИ КОЛИЧЕСТВА

The article dwells on objective reality quantitative perception aspects dealing with the quantitative assessment of the attribute. The language means of attribute gradation representation on the scale «much/little» are being analyzed in English, French and Russian languages. The author concludes that the language means of attribute intensity representation contain not only subjective ideas, but are also determined by ethnocultural patterns.В статье рассматриваются некоторые аспекты восприятия количественной стороны бытия, связанные с количественной оценкой признака. На материале английского, французского, русского языков анализируются средства языковой репрезентации градации признака по линии «много/мало». Автор приходит к выводу, что языковые средства репрезентации интенсивности признака содержат не только субъективные смыслы, но и обусловлены этнокультурными паттернами

Invasive Mucormycosis with Lung Involvement in a Female Patient with Aplastic Anemia

Mucormycosis is an infection caused by one of several types of mold. Invasive mucormycosis is the most aggressive, rapidly progressive fungal infection. The disease is characterized by high attributable mortality. The early and accurate diagnosis of invasive mucormycosis determines the choice of an adequate therapeutic policy, by improving the prognosis of the disease. The method of choice for diagnosing pulmonary mucormycosis is computed tomography that allows accurate determination of the location and extent of the lesion, the state of the lung parenchyma, and the presence of concomitant complications. The paper describes a clinical case of damage to the lung and skin in invasive mucormycosis in a 28-year-old woman with aplastic anemia. The case is of interest due to a larger number of immunocompromised patients, especially those susceptible to the disease

Cold Hardening Prevents H2O2-induced Programmed Cell Death in Maize Coleoptiles

An influence of cold hardening (8 °С, 7 days) on the respiration intensity, the content of reactive oxygen species and DNA fragmentation in coleoptiles of maize etiolated seedlings of different ages and a possibility of the cold hardening to prevent execution of the cell death, induced by treatment with 10 mM H2O2 (for 4 hours) of seedlings have been studied. It has been shown that H2O2induces total DNA fragmentation in coleoptiles of maize etiolated seedlings, and a preliminary cold hardening prevents this process