Triple molybdates one-, one - and three(two)valence metals

The authors thank Ph. D. M. K. Alibaeva, Ph. D. I. A. Gudkova and Ph. D. I. V. Korolkova for participation in the research.The review summarizes experimental data on the phase formation, structure and properties of new complex oxide compounds group - triple molybdates containing tetrahedral molybdate ion, two different singly charged cation, together with tri- or divalent cation. The several structural families of these compounds were distinguished and it shown that many of them are of interest as luminescent, laser, ion-conducting or nonlinear optical materials.The work is executed at partial support of the Russian Foundation for basic research (projects No. 08-03-00384, 13-03-01020 and 14-03-00298)

Influence of soil moisture regime on the species diversity and biomass of the herb layer of pine forests in the Ural Mountains

Adaptation of plant communities is an important factor for maintaining their functioning and stability in changing conditions. The aim of our research is study of the effect of soil moisture regime on the species richness and biomass of the herb layer for old-growth coniferous forests in the Ural Mountains (Russia). The research has been carried out between 57° 00'N; 60° 15''E and 57° 05'N; 60° 25'E. The studied area is part of the Zauralsky hilly piedmont province, the Southern boreal forest region. Sample plots (0.25 hectares) were laid in pine forests growing in habitats with different moisture regimes: insufficient, optimal (stable), and excessive. The research was conducted in 2010. To determine the herb layer productivity, 10-20 subplots 1x1 m in size were laid on each sample plot. Data analysis is based on the One-way ANOVA and species abundance distributions. It has been established that species richness in extreme (insufficient and excessive soil moisture regime (Cowberry pine forest and Pine forest with shrubs and sphagnum) and optimal (stable) soil moisture regime (Multi-herb pine forest) were found to vary significantly, with soil moisture regime being a statistically significant factor. By contrast, herb layer biomass is maintained fairly stable regardless of the soil moisture regimes. ANOVA showed no significant differences between pine forests growing under different soil moisture regimes. It has been found that biomass is maintained by increasing of the dominant species contribution to the overall biomass and increasing of the approximation function graph slope. At the same time, the parameter β of exponential and power approximating functions is increased and can be considered as an indicator of influencing on forest ecosystems and a measure of their adaptation to insufficient and excessive soil moisture. Thus, species abundance distributions can be used as method to measure the effects of factors that determine forest ecosystem composition and functioning. © 2021 Nicolaus Copernicus University. All rights reserved.The work was performed within the framework of the state task of the A.N. Zavaritsky Institute of Geology and Geochemistry of the Ural branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (state registration no. AAAA-A18-118052590028-9) and as part of the state task of the Botanical garden of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences and National Natural Science Foundation of China, grant number 31971488

Photospheric Magnetic Field: Relationship Between North-South Asymmetry and Flux Imbalance

Photospheric magnetic fields were studied using the Kitt Peak synoptic maps for 1976-2003. Only strong magnetic fields (B>100 G) of the equatorial region were taken into account. The north-south asymmetry of the magnetic fluxes was considered as well as the imbalance between positive and negative fluxes. The north-south asymmetry displays a regular alternation of the dominant hemisphere during the solar cycle: the northern hemisphere dominated in the ascending phase, the southern one in the descending phase during Solar Cycles 21-23. The sign of the imbalance did not change during the 11 years from one polar-field reversal to the next and always coincided with the sign of the Sun's polar magnetic field in the northern hemisphere. The dominant sign of leading sunspots in one of the hemispheres determines the sign of the magnetic-flux imbalance. The sign of the north-south asymmetry of the magnetic fluxes and the sign of the imbalance of the positive and the negative fluxes are related to the quarter of the 22-year magnetic cycle where the magnetic configuration of the Sun remains constant (from the minimum where the sunspot sign changes according to Hale's law to the magnetic-field reversal and from the reversal to the minimum). The sign of the north-south asymmetry for the time interval considered was determined by the phase of the 11-year cycle (before or after the reversal); the sign of the imbalance of the positive and the negative fluxes depends on both the phase of the 11-year cycle and on the parity of the solar cycle. The results obtained demonstrate the connection of the magnetic fields in active regions with the Sun's polar magnetic field in the northern hemisphere.Comment: 24 pages, 12 figures, 2 table

PERSONAL FEATURES OF CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS ILL WITH RESPIRATORY TUBERCULOSIS EXPOSED AND NOT EXPOSED TO THE SOURCE OF INFECTION

Specific personal features of 296 children and adolescents exposed to tuberculosis and those with unidentified exposure were comparatively analyzed. Children with unidentified exposure demonstrated psychic tension, poor self-control, poorly developed social communication skills which determined disruptive interpersonal relations and uneasy personal growth. Children exposed to tuberculosis in their families were characterized by judging didactive position towards their neighbors which was formed by dysfunctional patterns of relations in their parental families. Adolescent with unidentified exposure manifested the contrast combination of pre-morbid personal attitudes which had certain etiologic contribution to the development of borderline neurotic states. The higher level of destructive reactions in the interpersonal communication was observed in the adolescents exposed to tuberculosis in their families. Identified personal features are considered to be psychological factors determining the hyperactivation of adaptive systems at the pre-morbid state and consequent development of structural functional disorders in various systems of the host, as well as providing impact on the course of tuberculosis

Neurofibromatosis: analysis of clinical cases and new diagnostic criteria

Neurofibromatoses are a group of genetic disorders with predisposing for central and peripheral nervous system tumor development. The group includes three entities: neurofibromatosis type I, neurofibromatosis type II and schwannomatosis, which are characterized by gradual phenotype development and have a partially overlapping spectrum of manifestations, which complicates diagnosis establishing, especially at the stage of clinical onset. At the same time, the emergence of new pathogenetic therapy and the high risk of transmission to descendants actualize the necessity of early diagnosis. DNA tests allow us to reliably confirm the presumed diagnosis. This article presents a review of neurofibromatoses, their clinical features and courses, modern diagnostic criteria and indications for DNA tests

Нейрофиброматоз: анализ клинических случаев и новые диагностические критерии

Neurofibromatoses are a group of genetic disorders with predisposing for central and peripheral nervous system tumor development. The group includes three entities: neurofibromatosis type I, neurofibromatosis type II and schwannomatosis, which are characterized by gradual phenotype development and have a partially overlapping spectrum of manifestations, which complicates diagnosis establishing, especially at the stage of clinical onset. At the same time, the emergence of new pathogenetic therapy and the high risk of transmission to descendants actualize the necessity of early diagnosis. DNA tests allow us to reliably confirm the presumed diagnosis. This article presents a review of neurofibromatoses, their clinical features and courses, modern diagnostic criteria and indications for DNA tests.Нейрофиброматозы – группа наследственных заболеваний, которые характеризуются развитием опухолей центральной и периферической нервной системы. Включают 3 нозологии: нейрофиброматоз I типа, нейрофиброматоз II типа и шванноматоз. Эти заболевания отличаются динамическим развитием и имеют схожие клинические проявления, что осложняет постановку клинического диагноза, особенно на этапе клинического дебюта. В то же время появление новых методов патогенетической терапии и высокий риск передачи заболевания потомству обусловливают необходимость ранней диагностики. Одним из методов подтверждения предполагаемого диагноза является молекулярно-генетическое тестирование. В данной статье приведен анализ данных литературы, посвященных особенностям клинического течения нейрофиброматозов, актуальные диагностические критерии, а также показания к проведению молекулярно-генетической диагностики

Трансплантация донорского сердца с гипертрофией миокарда левого желудочка 1,5 см и более

Introduction. In case of donor heart shortage and expanding pool of patients waiting for heart transplantation (OHTx) liberalization of donor selection, especially use of donors with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), may be one of most realistic methods to extending number of OHTx.Aim: to evaluate early and late outcomes after OHTx from donors with LVH ≥1.5 cm.Methods. We reviewed 160 heart recipients who underwent OHTx from donors with LVH 1.5 cm or more from 2011 to 2017.Results. The duration of anesthesia was 6.5 ± 0.7 h, surgery – 4.7 ± 0.3 h, cardiopulmonary bypass – 63–290 (145 ± 47) min and ischemia time was – 86–426 (168 ± 44) min. ICU stay was 7.4 ± 8.5 days. Hospital mortality in the study group was 8,1% (n = 13) and 30-day survival was 91.9%. Patients with or without donor LVH had similar early and long-term survival (p = 0.659).Conclusions. Own experience demonstrates the satisfactory results of HT from donors with LVH. In more cases, LV systolic function of cardiac allograft quickly normalized in the early period after HT.Недостаточное количество донорских органов делает допустимым трансплантацию сердца от доноров с расширенными критериями, в том числе с гипертрофией миокарда левого желудочка.Цель исследования: обосновать эффективность выполнения трансплантации сердца от доноров с гипертрофией миокарда левого желудочка.Материалы и методы. В исследование включены 160 реципиентов сердца, которым выполнили трансплантацию сердца (ТС) от доноров с гипертрофией миокарда левого желудочка (ГМЛЖ) 1,5 см и более в период с 2011-го по 2017 г.Результаты. Продолжительность анестезиологического пособия при ТС с ГЛЖ 1,5 cм и более составила 6,5 ± 0,7 ч, оперативного вмешательства – 4,7 ± 0,3 ч, искусственного кровообращения (ИК) – 63–290 (145 ± 47) мин, ишемии сердечного трансплантата – 86–426 (168 ± 44) мин. Продолжительность лечения в ОРИТ составила 7,4 ± 8,5 суток. Госпитальная летальность при ТС с гипертрофией левого желудочка 1,5 см и более составила 8,1% (n = 13). 30-дневная выживаемость реципиентов после ТС составила (n = 147) 91,9%. При сравнительном анализе не выявили достоверного различия ранней и отдаленной выживаемости реципиентов, которым ТС была выполнена от доноров с гипертрофией левого желудочка более 1,5 см и от доноров без гипертрофии левого желудочка (p = 0,659).Заключение. Накопленный опыт демонстрирует удовлетворительные показатели ранней и отдаленной выживаемости у реципиентов исследуемой группы. В большинстве случаев сократительная функция левого желудочка нормализуется в ранние сроки после ТС

Approaches to the therapy of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. Resolution of an online meeting of the Volga Federal District experts

At an online meeting of experts held on May 14, 2021 additional research results on a sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitor empagliflozin in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction were considered. According to the data from the EMPEROR-Reduced international study, cardiovascular and renal effects of empagliflozin therapy in patients with and without type 2 diabetes (T2D) were analyzed. A number of proposals and recommendations was accepted regarding the further study of cardiovascular and renal effects of empagliflozin and its use in clinical practice in patients with heart failure, regardless of the T2D presence