Diffuse ferroelectric phase transition in SrTiO3-BiScO3 system ceramics

Ceramic samples of the (1–x)SrTiO3–(x)BiScO3 system with x = 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5 have been synthesized for the first time. X-ray diffraction data showed that the samples with x = 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4 at room temperature comprise the mixture of two phases: (i) cubic nonpolar phase with Pm3m structure and (ii) tetragonal polar phase with P4mm structure. The temperature dependences of permittivity and dielectric loss tangent of these samples exhibit anomalies characteristic of ferroelectrics with diffuse phase transitionsyesBelgorod State Universit

Diffuse ferroelectric phase transition in SrTiO3-BiScO3 system ceramics

yesCeramic samples of the (1–x)SrTiO3–(x)BiScO3 system with x = 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5 have been synthesized for the first time. X-ray diffraction data showed that the samples with x = 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4 at room temperature comprise the mixture of two phases: (i) cubic nonpolar phase with Pm3m structure and (ii) tetragonal polar phase with P4mm structure. The temperature dependences of permittivity and dielectric loss tangent of these samples exhibit anomalies characteristic of ferroelectrics with diffuse phase transitionsBelgorod State Universit

Measurement of tissue optical properties in the context of tissue optical clearing

Nowadays, dynamically developing optical (photonic) technologies play an ever-increasing role in medicine. Their adequate and effective implementation in diagnostics, surgery, and therapy needs reliable data on optical properties of human tissues, including skin. This paper presents an overview of recent results on the measurements and control of tissue optical properties. The issues reported comprise a brief review of optical properties of biological tissues and efficacy of optical clearing (OC) method in application to monitoring of diabetic complications and visualization of blood vessels and microcirculation using a number of optical imaging technologies, including spectroscopic, optical coherence tomography, and polarization- and speckle-based ones. Molecular modeling of immersion OC of skin and specific technique of OC of adipose tissue by its heating and photodynamic treatment are also discussed

Immersion optical clearing of adipose tissue in rats: ex vivo and in vivo studies

Optical clearing (OC) of adipose tissue has not been studied enough, although it can be promising in medical applications, including surgery and cosmetology, for example, to visualize blood vessels or increase the permeability of tissues to laser beams. The main objective of this work is to develop technology for OC of abdominal adipose tissue in vivo using hyperosmotic optical clearing agents (OCAs). The maximum OC effect (77%) was observed for ex vivo rat adipose tissue samples exposed to OCA on fructose basis for 90 minutes. For in vivo studies, the maximum effect of OC (65%) was observed when using OCA based on diatrizoic acid and dimethylsulfoxide for 120 minutes. Histological analysis showed that in vivo application of OCAs may induce a limited local necrosis of fat cells. The efficiency of OC correlated with local tissue damage through cell necrosis due to accompanied cell lipolysi