Food Habits, Growth, and Production of Young-of-the-Year Walleyes, Stizostedion vitreum vitreum (Mitchell), in a South Dakota Pond

A 12.45 hectare South Dakota pond was stocked with 25,000 walleye, Stizostedion vitreum vitreum (Mitichell), fingerling on 13 June, 1973. Walleyes were monitored for growth rate and food habits until 13 September, 1973. Walleyes were removed from the pond using various methods in order to evaluate the efficiency of removal methods. The average total length and average weight of walleyes in the pond increased from 43.5 mm and 0.50 g on 13 June to 167.1 mm and 41.25 g on 13 September. This was a gain of 123. 6 mm and 40.75 g or an average daily increase of 1.34 mm and 0.44 g. The growing season was not complete at the time of the last sampling. Stomachs of 177 young-of-the-year walleyes were examined during the study period. Diaptomus sp. was found in 49.7% of thestomachs (8.0% by volume). Fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas, Rafinesque) were found in 26.6% of the stomachs (69.2% by volume) and aquatic insects in 21.5% (17.6% by volume). Walleyes fed primarily on Diaptomus sp. until mid-July when they began feeding primarily on fathead minnows. Fathead minnow populations declined and in mid-August walleyes sought an alternate food source. Aquatic insects, mostly chironomids, were the primary food at this time. A total of 4,416 walleyes (17.7%) was removed from the pond. Of these, 2,347 were removed with seines, 1,937 with electrofishing gear, and 111 with trap nets. Seining yielded 287.3 fish per hour of operation, electrofishing yielded 221.4 fish per hour, and trap netting yielded 2.1 fish per hour. Electrofishing had the highest yield per effort of all methods used, yielding 75.2 walleyes per man-hour. Seining yielded 45.0 walleyes per man-hour and trap netting yielded 10.1 fish per man-hour

Use of Aperio Whole Slide Imaging System to Capture and Utilize Digital Virtual Slides for Pathology Education

poster abstractDigital whole slide imaging is the technique of digitizing an entire microscope slide at the highest resolution to produce a “digital virtual microscope slide” with high image quality. This digital image can be viewed in three to four fields, from low to high power, a feature commonly used by pathologists. This digital virtual slide can be used in conjunction with image processing software (both windows-based and browser-based) to view, manipulate, position, and specify the magnification of the image on a screen as if using a regular microscope to view the original glass slide. As the slide is captured in a virtual format, it is possible to use the image for archiving, copying, transferring over networks, distant consultation, as well as integration for educational use on the web and/or DVD. In this study, we captured all C603 and C604 sophomore pathology teaching slides in the general and systemic pathology course for viewing and learning through the Aperio ImageScope viewer. The resulting digital images possessed greater ease of use, were quicker to scan and allowed easier location of pathologic lesions in the slides. The ImageScope viewer allowed students to quickly zoom in and out of the slides at multiple fields of magnification. Instructors that have switched to the Aperio system from the old Bliss system found the Aperio system allowed the instructor to open up to 8 slides at one time, allowing side by side comparison to be completed on the same screen. The system also allows one to measure the size of the cells and to capture detailed images of tumor cells, inflammatory cells, and/or necrosis (cell death). This system is available for use on desktop, laptop, and most digital devices (such as smart phones or tablets). Compared to the old Bliss system, which is unable to perform these functions

Whole Slide Image Analysis Quantification using Aperio Digital Imaging in a Mouse Lung Metastasis Model

poster abstractDigital whole slide imaging is the technique of digitizing a microscope slide at the highest resolution to produce a “digital virtual microscope slide”. This digital image can be viewed in three or four fields, from low to high power, which can be commonly used to evaluate the tissue. Many of these systems have whole slide software image analysis capability. The goal of this study was to determine if the Aperio positive pixel algorithm (image analysis) could effectively quantitate metastatic mouse lung tumors in a lung section using a H&E stain. Lung sections from a mouse lung metastasis model of 8 mice per group were evaluated: control, 50mg/kg, and 75mg/kg carboplatin. H&E and Ki67 immunostain slides were scanned using the Aperio whole slide scanning system (Scanscope CS). A single field of view from each slide representing a whole lung lobe with multiple lung metastases was selected for image analysis. The standard positive pixel algorithm was altered to read the H&E slides. Various histology slides were used to validate the altered algorithm. The immunostain (Ki67) was generated using the standard positive pixel algorithm analysis. The Aperio automated positive pixel count for a Ki67 immunostain was consistent with the H&E image analysis. The values decreased with a dose dependent treatment (control vs. 50mg/kg and 75mg/kg carboplatin) and were (H&E) 37%, 28%, and 22%, and (Ki67) 9%, 5%, and 3%. The analysis had decreasing values for both the H&E and Ki67 analysis on a dose dependent drug treatment. The metastases decreased in both treatment groups compared to controls with both the H&E and Ki67 analyses. The Aperio Image Analysis positive pixel algorithm allows large areas of the lung tissue section to be examined and not just a single 25x or 40x field like many common image analyses systems

Integrated human formation: guiding category of professional and technological education / Formação humana integrada: categoria diretora da educação profissional e tecnológica

The present study is a bibliographic investigation that sought to analyze how Professional and Technological Education (EPT, from the acronym in Portuguese) and understand the concept of integrated human formation. Thus, based on the contributions of Ramos (2009) and Ciavatta (2012), the concept of integrated human formation was analyzed, its main objectives and its importance for EPT to differ from a mere technical education still in force in our educational model. The methodology consisted of file and bibliographic review followed by content analysis. It was concluded that, due to the search for the understanding of a whole, integrality is necessary for Professional and Technological Education, so that it does not continue the reproduction of educational duality, in one of the two partialities of knowledge, not just general education and not just technical education, but the training of a complete man who has a professional qualification, an education that emancipates individuals, in a full understanding of the world. It seeks to free individuals from a fragmented worldview, forming them in all their fullness as a human being, a being who understands the importance of work, science, and culture

Factorization of Seiberg-Witten Curves with Fundamental Matter

We present an explicit construction of the factorization of Seiberg-Witten curves for N=2 theory with fundamental flavors. We first rederive the exact results for the case of complete factorization, and subsequently derive new results for the case with breaking of gauge symmetry U(Nc) to U(N1)xU(N2). We also show that integrality of periods is necessary and sufficient for factorization in the case of general gauge symmetry breaking. Finally, we briefly comment on the relevance of these results for the structure of N=1 vacua.Comment: 24 pages, 2 figure

Minimal Model Holography

We review the duality relating 2d W_N minimal model CFTs, in a large N 't Hooft like limit, to higher spin gravitational theories on AdS_3.Comment: 54 pages, 1 figure; Contribution to J. Phys. A special volume on "Higher Spin Theories and AdS/CFT" edited by M. R. Gaberdiel and M. Vasiliev. v2. minor change

Instabilities of Black Strings and Branes

We review recent progress on the instabilities of black strings and branes both for pure Einstein gravity as well as supergravity theories which are relevant for string theory. We focus mainly on Gregory-Laflamme instabilities. In the first part of the review we provide a detailed discussion of the classical gravitational instability of the neutral uniform black string in higher dimensional gravity. The uniform black string is part of a larger phase diagram of Kaluza-Klein black holes which will be discussed thoroughly. This phase diagram exhibits many interesting features including new phases, non-uniqueness and horizon-topology changing transitions. In the second part, we turn to charged black branes in supergravity and show how the Gregory-Laflamme instability of the neutral black string implies via a boost/U-duality map similar instabilities for non- and near-extremal smeared branes in string theory. We also comment on instabilities of D-brane bound states. The connection between classical and thermodynamic stability, known as the correlated stability conjecture, is also reviewed and illustrated with examples. Finally, we examine the holographic implications of the Gregory-Laflamme instability for a number of non-gravitational theories including Yang-Mills theories and Little String Theory.Comment: 119 pages, 16 figures. Invited review for Classical and Quantum Gravit

A tool for examining the role of the zinc finger myelin transcription factor 1 (Myt1) in neural development: Myt1 knock-in mice

The Myt1 family of transcription factors is unique among the many classes of zinc finger proteins in how the zinc-stabilized fingers contact the DNA helix. To examine the function of Myt1 in the developing nervous system, we generated mice in which Myt1 expression was replaced by an enhanced Green Fluorescent Protein fused to a Codon-improved Cre recombinase as a protein reporter. Myt1 knock-in mice die at birth, apparently due to improper innervation of their lungs. Elimination of Myt1 did not significantly affect the number or distribution of neural precursor cells that normally express Myt1 in the embryonic spinal cord. Nor was the general pattern of differentiated neurons altered in the embryonic spinal cord. The Myt1 knock-in mice should provide an important tool for identifying the in vivo targets of Myt1 action and unraveling the role of this structurally distinct zinc finger protein in neural development

The fate of acetic acid during glucose co-metabolism by the spoilage yeast Zygosaccharomyces bailii

Zygosaccharomyces bailii is one of the most widely represented spoilage yeast species, being able to metabolise acetic acid in the presence of glucose. To clarify whether simultaneous utilisation of the two substrates affects growth efficiency, we examined growth in single- and mixed-substrate cultures with glucose and acetic acid. Our findings indicate that the biomass yield in the first phase of growth is the result of the weighted sum of the respective biomass yields on single-substrate medium, supporting the conclusion that biomass yield on each substrate is not affected by the presence of the other at pH 3.0 and 5.0, at least for the substrate concentrations examined. In vivo(13)C-NMR spectroscopy studies showed that the gluconeogenic pathway is not operational and that [2-(13)C]acetate is metabolised via the Krebs cycle leading to the production of glutamate labelled on C(2), C(3) and C(4). The incorporation of [U-(14)C]acetate in the cellular constituents resulted mainly in the labelling of the protein and lipid pools 51.5% and 31.5%, respectively. Overall, our data establish that glucose is metabolised primarily through the glycolytic pathway, and acetic acid is used as an additional source of acetyl-CoA both for lipid synthesis and the Krebs cycle. This study provides useful clues for the design of new strategies aimed at overcoming yeast spoilage in acidic, sugar-containing food environments. Moreover, the elucidation of the molecular basis underlying the resistance phenotype of Z. bailii to acetic acid will have a potential impact on the improvement of the performance of S. cerevisiae industrial strains often exposed to acetic acid stress conditions, such as in wine and bioethanol production.This work was supported by Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia (FCT), Portugal Grant PTDC/AGR-ALI/102608/2008 and by project FCOMP-01-0124-FEDER- 007047 and by FEDER through POFC - COMPETE and national funds from FCT - project PEst-C/BIA/UI4050/2011. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript