3,380 research outputs found
Circuit breaker utilizing magnetic latching relays Patent
Relay circuit breaker with magnetic latching to provide conductive and nonconductive paths for current device
High dispersive and monolithic 100% efficiency grisms
We present a type of grism, a series combination of transmission grating and
prism, in which we reduce the number of diffraction orders and achieve a
configuration with very high angular dispersion. The grism can be fabricated
from a single dielectric material and requires no metallic or dielectric film
layers for high transmission diffraction efficiency. One can reach 100% in the
-1st transmission diffraction order and the equal damage threshold as the
dielectric bulk material. We realized such an element in fused silica with an
efficiency of more then 99%. The bevel backside reflection is reduced by a
statistical antireflective structure, so we measured an efficiency of the
entire grism of 95% at a single wavelength
Residual entanglement of accelerated fermions is not nonlocal
We analyze the operational meaning of the residual entanglement in
non-inertial fermionic systems in terms of the achievable violation of the
Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt (CHSH) inequality. We demonstrate that the quantum
correlations of fermions, which were previously found to survive in the
infinite acceleration limit, cannot be considered to be non-local. The
entanglement shared by an inertial and an accelerated observer cannot be
utilized for the violation of the CHSH inequality in case of high
accelerations. Our results are shown to extend beyond the single mode
approximation commonly used in the literature.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures; v2: minor changes, reference and section headers
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Risk of basal cell carcinoma after Hodgkin's disease
Background: Basal cell cancer is a common skin cancer, yet studies of second tumors after Hodgkin's disease tend to exclude basal cell cancers as second malignant tumors from analysis. Basal cell carcinomas (BCC) are possibly more common in immunosuppressed patients and were recently implicated as indicators of subsequent malignancies. Materials and Methods: Our database of 1,120 patients with Hodgkin's disease (derived from the tumor registry) was investigated for the occurrence of later BCCs. Kaplan-Meier curves were calculated. Results: A total of 9 cases of BCC were observed 0-20 years after the diagnosis of Hodgkin's disease, One case relapsed after excision. The probability of second BCC was 2.1% after 15 years of follow-up and 7.1% after 20 years. Statistically, the risk for second BCC was increased only in younger patients and with prolonged follow-up, but not in the total group of patients with Hodgkin's disease. Conclusion: BCC is not a major threat: for the survivors of Hodgkin's disease, but continued follow-up is necessary
Probing the Noncommutative Standard Model at Hadron Colliders
We study collider signals for the noncommutative extension of the standard
model using the Seiberg-Witten maps for SU(3)_C x SU(2)_L x U(1)_Y to first
order in the noncommutativity parameters theta_munu. In particular, we
investigate the ensitivity of Z-gamma-production at the Tevatron and the LHC to
the components of theta_munu. We discuss the range of validity of this
approximation and estimate exclusion limits from a Monte Carlo simulation.Comment: 18 pages LaTeX, 23 figures. Slightly expanded introduction and
additional references. Accepted for publication in Physical Review
Coulomb Charging at Large Conduction
We discuss the suppression of Coulomb charging effects on a small metallic
island coupled to an electrode by a tunnel junction. At high temperatures the
quantum corrections to the classical charging energy , where is
the island capacitance, are evaluated. At low temperatures the large quantum
fluctuations of the island charge cause a strong reduction of the effective
which is determined explicitly in the limit of a large tunneling
conductance.Comment: 4 page
Classical Two-center Effects In Ejected-electron Spectra From P+, P-, And He2++He Collisions At Intermediate Energies
Doubly and singly differential cross sections for electron emission have been calculated by means of the classical trajectory Monte Carlo method for the p+, p-, and He2++He systems at impact energies of 50 and 100 keV/amu. The calculations for the p+ and He2++He systems exhibit the capture to the continuum peak and agree in both shape and magnitude with experimental data. Analysis of the classical trajectories has helped to understand the dynamical formation of this peak. The dependence of the cross sections on the projectile charge (-1, +1, and +2) is analyzed and compared with first-order scalings. It is concluded from this analysis that the combined influence of both the projectile and target Coulomb fields prevails over all the electronic spectra. © 1989 The American Physical Society
Theoretical Description Of The Binary Peak In Clothed Ion-atom Collisions
The impulse or binary encounter approximation for ion-atom collisions is extended to treat the non-Coulomb interaction between a clothed projectile ion and the target electrons. This model is shown to reproduce the unexplained enhancement of the zero-degree binary peak for partially stripped ions over that for Equi velocity fully stripped ions that has recently been observed experimentally in Fq++H2, He collisions. Very good agreement is obtained between theory and experiment and, furthermore, this model is used to illuminate the underlying dynamics which leads to the observed enhancement. © 1990 IOP Publishing Ltd
Study Of The Dependence Of The Electron Emission Spectra On The Projectile Charge In Hâș, He2++He Collisions
The classical trajectory Monte Carlo method (CTMC) has been used to calculate doubly differential ionized-electron cross sections for the impact of He2+ and H+ on He at collision energies of 50 and 100 keV amu-1. The results exhibit the capture to the continuum peak and agree in both shape and magnitude with experimental data. The dependence of the cross sections on the projectile charge ZP is analyzed and it is found to be very asymmetric with regard to the capture to the continuum peak. This behavior is in agreement with very recent experimental data. Large deviations from the Z2P scaling predicted by first-order theories are found at large ejection angles
Mobile applications and access to private data : the supply side of the Android ecosystem
We analyze the data collection strategies of 65,000 developers in the market for mobile applications and track 300,000 applications over four years. Many apps belong to developers with multiple apps. This fact generates variation in the privacy behaviors of the same developer for our analysis. We uncover three stylized facts: First, developers âlearnâ to use increasingly intrusive data strategies as they become more experienced. Second, intrusive data collection is most likely in apps that target the 13+, and 16+ age category, which raises concerns for the protection of young app consumers. Third, even within developers, critical and atypical permissions predict problematic usage of private user data most successfully. Our findings inform both regulators and scientists who wish to model supply in the market for mobile apps
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