Pressure dependence of the Shubnikov-de Haas oscillation pectrum of beta''-(BEDT-TTF)4(NH4)[Cr(C2O4)3].DMF

The Shubnikov-de Haas (SdH) oscillation spectra of the beta''-(BEDT-TTF)4(NH4)[Cr(C2O4)\_3].DMF organic metal have been studied in pulsed magnetic fields of up to either 36 T at ambient pressure or 50 T under hydrostatic pressures of up to 1 GPa. The ambient pressure SdH oscillation spectra can be accounted for by up to six fundamental frequencies which points to a rather complex Fermi surface (FS). A noticeable pressure-induced modification of the FS topology is evidenced since the number of frequencies observed in the spectra progressively decreases as the pressure increases. Above 0.8 GPa, only three compensated orbits are observed, as it is the case for several other isostructural salts of the same family at ambient pressure. Contrary to other organic metals, of which the FS can be regarded as a network of orbits, no frequency combinations are observed for the studied salt, likely due to high magnetic breakdown gap values or (and) high disorder level evidenced by Dingle temperatures as large as about 7 K.Comment: To be published in European Physical Journal

Language system contacts or intersystem factors?

The paper examines the issue of reasons and mechanism of diachronic changes in the English language. The aim of the article is not to challenge the sociolinguistic origin of changes theory, but to provide a detailed description of the intersystem process. Step-by-step reconstruction of the process shows that three levels of the language system have taken part in it: accent logical, phonological and morphologica

Хлорфенолы в органическом синтезе

Received: 17.08.2016; accepted: 11.10.2016; published: 01.12.2016.Поступило: 17.08.2016; приянято: 11.10.2016; опубликовано: 01.12.2016.This article reviews the alternatives for modifications of p-chlorophenols, p-chloroanisoles with the formation of C-C, C-N, C-S and C-B bonds. It is worth noting the high fundamental as well as practical importance of these reactions due to the availability and cheapness of initial chlorine substituted derivatives of phenol.В данном обзоре рассмотрены варианты модификаций п-хлорфенолов и п-хлоранизолов с образованием связей C-C, C-N, C-S и C-B. Стоит отметить высокую не только фундаментальную, но и практическую значимость данных реакций, ввиду доступности и дешевизны исходных хлорзамещенных производных фенола

Placing names conversion into verbs as a mean of explaning their outstanding properties

Verbs formed from toponyms by zero conversion are the focus of this article. The paper intends to show that converting a place name into a verb is a prominent way of explicating the place's salient properties. The data were collected from the corpora and detected on news, media sites and blogs. The study shows that verbs formed from place names demonstrate how people conceptualize place

Indicators of isokinetic dynamometry of the hip muscles in athletes with patellofemoral pain syndrome after complex correction procedure

Objective: to compare the strength of the hip muscles before and after a complex correction procedure for the neuromuscular apparatus of the lumbosacral spine and lower limb in athletes with patellofemoral pain syndrome. Materials and methods: 40 athletes 18-35 years old (mean age -27±6.5 years (M±m)) participated in a randomized control trial. Chondromalacia patellae confirmed by traumatologist was the inclusion criteria. Methods: isokinetic dynamometry. Results: an increase in the strength of the quadriceps muscle and the hamstring muscles at low, medium and high speeds of isokinetic dynamometry was registered after the course of treatment. The study group with exercises for stabilizing the lumbosacral spine and lower limb showed higher strength indices than the control group with exercises for training the muscles of lower limb alone. Conclusions: inclusion of complex correction procedure in the rehabilitation program for athletes with patellofemoral pain syndrome in comparison with the traditional method of therapeutic gymnastics allows to increase the maximum arbitrary force and the endurance of the quadriceps, to improve the neuromuscular capabilities of the quadriceps

Legal certainty of legality principle in the legislation of the continental and anglo-american system

In this article, through the comparative legal analysis of domestic, as well as foreign constitutional and criminal law norm content, various approaches to the principle of legality and its main features were examine

Indication for the coexistence of closed orbit and quantum interferometer with the same cross section in the organic metal (ET)4(H3O)[Fe(C2O4)3].C6H4Cl2: Persistence of SdH oscillations above 30 K

Shubnikov-de Haas (SdH) and de Haas-van Alphen (dHvA) oscillations spectra of the quasi-two dimensional charge transfer salt $\beta$"-(ET)$_4$(H$_3$O)[Fe(C$_2$O$_4$)$_3$]$\cdot$C$_6$H$_4$Cl$_2$ have been investigated in pulsed magnetic fields up to 54 T. The data reveal three basic frequencies F$_a$, F$_b$ and F$_{b - a}$, which can be interpreted on the basis of three compensated closed orbits at low temperature. However a very weak thermal damping of the Fourier component F$_b$, with the highest amplitude, is evidenced for SdH spectra above about 6 K. As a result, magnetoresistance oscillations are observed at temperatures higher than 30 K. This feature, which is not observed for dHvA oscillations, is in line with quantum interference, pointing to a Fermi surface reconstruction in this compound.Comment: published in Eur. Phys. J. B 71 203 (2009

Morphological classification of dysphemisms in artistic discourse

This study pursued the following goal: to analyze the morphological features of dysphemisms within the framework of artistic discourse. The concept of dysphemism was described, and a classification of dysphemisms in contemporary linguistic

The subject of crime: the problem of establishing age limits of criminal responsibility

This article presents the authors’ analysis of the problem of determining the subject of a crime as a legal concept, and defining the legal characteristics of a person who has committed a crime by features that are necessary for criminal responsibility (individual, age, and responsibility