Modern Approaches to the Diagnosis and Management of Children With Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia

The article presents the most modern positions of healthcare delivery for children with primary ciliary dyskinesia. Symptoms of this pathology in clinical practice vary that is conditioned by genetic heterogeneity of the disease. The most common disease manifestation in children is frequent inflammatory diseases of the upper and lower respiratory tract. They are recorded in most patients, especially in young children, and the diagnosis is often determined untimely due to a low awareness of specialists about this nosology. Differential diagnostic approach is described in detail, peculiarities of treatment and management of children with this nosology are specified. The material is based on clinical guidelines developed and approved by the professional association «Union of Pediatricians of Russia»

Современные подходы к диагностике и ведению детей с первичной цилиарной дискинезией

The article presents the most modern positions of healthcare delivery for children with primary ciliary dyskinesia. Symptoms of this pathology in clinical practice vary that is conditioned by genetic heterogeneity of the disease. The most common disease manifestation in children is frequent inflammatory diseases of the upper and lower respiratory tract. They are recorded in most patients, especially in young children, and the diagnosis is often determined untimely due to a low awareness of specialists about this nosology. Differential diagnostic approach is described in detail, peculiarities of treatment and management of children with this nosology are specified. The material is based on clinical guidelines developed and approved by the professional association «Union of Pediatricians of Russia».В статье представлены самые современные позиции оказания медицинской помощи детям с первичной цилиарной дискинезией. Симптомы данной патологии в клинической практике варьируют, что обусловлено генетической неоднородностью заболевания. Наиболее распространенное проявление болезни у детей — частые воспалительные заболевания верхних и нижних дыхательных путей, которые регистрируются у большинства пациентов, особенно у детей раннего возраста, а при невысокой осведомленности специалистов о данной нозологии диагноз зачастую устанавливается несвоевременно. Подробно изложен дифференциальный диагностический подход, указаны особенности лечения и ведения пациентов детского возраста с данной нозологией. Материал основан на клинических рекомендациях, разработанных и утвержденных профессиональной ассоциацией «Союз педиатров России»

Современные показатели распространенности бронхиальной астмы среди детей

An investigation of bronchial asthma spread according to the ISAAC programme was performed. Under the data obtained the spread of bronchial asthma symptoms was 20.52% among the 1st class pupils and 22.17% among the 8th class pupils. As an examination result bronchial asthma was detected in 7.8% of the 1st class pupils and 8.3% of the 8th class pupils. These values exceed significantly official data of childhood bronchial asthma spread. Bronchial asthma was diagnosed considerably more frequent in children living in wet and mouldy buildings. Elderly children were noted to have a correlation between bronchial asthma and passive smoking. A reliable relation was shown between bronchial asthma in younger children and a presence of home dust collectors, such as carpets, at a child’s bedroom.Проведено исследование распространенности бронхиальной астмы по программе ISAAC. Согласно полученным данным, уровень распространенности «симптомов бронхиальной астмы» у учеников 1-х классов составил 20,52%, а у учеников 8-х классов — 22,17%. При проведении обследования бронхиальная астма была выявлена у 7,8% учеников первых классов и 8,3% школьников 8-х классов. Эти цифры значительно превышают официальные данные распространенности бронхиальной астмы у детей. Диагноз бронхиальной астмы достоверно чаще отмечался у детей, проживавших в помещениях с повышенной влажностью, наличием плесени. У детей старшей возрастной группы была отмечена связь бронхиальной астмы с фактором пассивного курения. Отмечена достоверная связь бронхиальной астмы у детей младшей возрастной группы с присутствием коллекторов домашней пыли (ковров) в спальне ребенка

Alveolar hemorrhagic syndrome in children

The article considersthe etiological factors, clinical manifestations and diagnostic signs of the alveolar hemorrhagic syndrome, which is rare in the pediatric clinical practice, using the example of the group of the patients with orphan lung pathological condition observed in the Pulmonology Clinic of the Institute. The prevailing number of the patients consists of the children with the rare disease; that is the idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis. That is why the clinical manifestations of the alveolar hemorrhagic syndrome in the presence of this pathological condition are discussed, the algorithm of the diagnostic measures and the long-term observation results (including the disease outcomes) for the children received the different variants of the immunosuppressive therapy are presented

Bronchiectases in Children: Overview of Current Clinical Guidelines

The article is devoted to bronchiectases issue in children and reflects the most actual approaches to the diagnosis and management of patients with this pathology. Information on the true prevalence of bronchiectases both abroad and in Russia varies. Wherein, bronchiectases can be either an independent disease or a manifestation of another pathology, which necessitates an integrated multidisciplinary approach not only for diagnosis but also for patient management with this pathology. The material presented by the authors is based on clinical guidelines developed and approved by the profile association of the Union of Pediatricians of Russia and aimed at raising awareness of specialists providing medical care to children