Reduction of JT8D powered aircraft noise by engine refanning

The technical feasibility is described of substantially reducing the noise levels of existing JT8D powered aircraft by retrofitting the existing fleet with quieter refan engines and new acoustically treated nacelles. No major technical problems exist that preclude the development and installation of refanned engines on aircraft currently powered by the JT8D engine. The refan concept is technically feasible and provides calculated noise reductions of from 7 to 8 EPNdb for the B727-200 aircraft and from 10 to 12 EPNdb for the DC-9-32 aircraft at the FAR Part 36 measuring stations. These noise levels are lower than both the FAR Part 36 noise standards and the noise levels of the wide-body DC-10-10. Corresponding reductions in the 90 EPNdb footprint area are estimated to vary from about 70 percent for the DC-9 to about 80 percent for the B727

Sensitive Dependence on Parameters of Continuous-time Nonlinear Dynamical Systems

We would like to thank the partial support of this work by the Brazilian agencies FAPESP (processes: 2011/19296-1 and 2013/26598-0, CNPq and CAPES. MSB acknowledges EPSRC Ref. EP/I032606/1.Peer reviewedPostprin

Torsion-Adding and Asymptotic Winding Number for Periodic Window Sequences

In parameter space of nonlinear dynamical systems, windows of periodic states are aligned following routes of period-adding configuring periodic window sequences. In state space of driven nonlinear oscillators, we determine the torsion associated with the periodic states and identify regions of uniform torsion in the window sequences. Moreover, we find that the measured of torsion differs by a constant between successive windows in periodic window sequences. We call this phenomenon as torsion-adding. Finally, combining the torsion and the period adding rules, we deduce a general rule to obtain the asymptotic winding number in the accumulation limit of such periodic window sequences

Gravitational Topological Quantum Field Theory Versus N = 2 D = 8 Supergravity and its lift to N = 1 D = 11 Supergravity

In a previous work, it was shown that the 8-dimensional topological quantum field theory for a metric and a Kalb-Ramond 2-form gauge field determines N = 1 D = 8 supergravity. It is shown here that, the combination of this TQFT with that of a 3-form determines N = 2 D = 8 supergravity, that is, an untruncated dimensional reduction of N = 1 D = 11 supergravity. Our construction holds for 8-dimensional manifolds with Spin(7) \subset SO(8) holonomy. We suggest that the origin of local Poincare supersymmetry is the gravitational topological symmetry. We indicate a mechanism for the lift of the TQFT in higher dimensions, which generates Chern-Simons couplings.Comment: one section has been adde

de Broglie-Proca and Bopp-Podolsky massive photon gases in cosmology

We investigate the influence of massive photons on the evolution of the expanding universe. Two particular models for generalized electrodynamics are considered, namely de Broglie-Proca and Bopp-Podolsky electrodynamics. We obtain the equation of state (EOS) $P=P(\varepsilon)$ for each case using dispersion relations derived from both theories. The EOS are inputted into the Friedmann equations of a homogeneous and isotropic space-time to determine the cosmic scale factor $a(t)$. It is shown that the photon non-null mass does not significantly alter the result $a\propto t^{1/2}$ valid for a massless photon gas; this is true either in de Broglie-Proca's case (where the photon mass $m$ is extremely small) or in Bopp-Podolsky theory (for which $m$ is extremely large).Comment: 8 pages, 2 figures; v2 matches the published versio

Distribuicao e frequencia mensal do estro de caprinos SRD e anglo-nubiano no municipio de Oeiras-Piaui.

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Prevalência, intensidade de infecção e variação estacional de helmintos em caprinos no estado do Piauí.

No periodo de julho/77 a agosto/79, estudou-se a epidemiologia das helmintoses em 52 caprinos sem raça definida (SRD) criados extensivamenteno municipio de Valença do Piaui, atraves do exame de ovos por grama de ovos por grama de fezes (OPG), coprocultura e necropsias mensais em animais infectados naturalmente sendo 26 com idade de 3 a 6 meses e 26 com 9 a 12 meses. Os helmintos identificados foram: Heamonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus colubriformis, T. axei, Cooperia curticei, C. punctata, C. pectinata, Strongyloides papillosus, Oesophagostomum columbianum, Trichuris ovis, Trichyris sp., Moniezia expansa e Cysticercus tenuicollis. Os helmintos que ocorreram, em media, com maior intensidade e frequencia foram, respectivamente: H. contortus (697, 6 e 92, 3%,T. colubrifromis (340,5 e 86,4%) e O. columbianum (53,7 e 96,1%). Os dados de OPG indicaram aumento do nivel de infecção por Strongyloidea durante a época chuvosa. As necropsias revelaram que os caprinos são parasitados por helmintos durante todo o ano e, mais especificamente na epoca chuvosa

Verminose em ovinos e seu controle.

Helmintos identificados - principais espécies; Época de ocorrência; Ciclo de vida do Haemonchus contortus; Sintomas; Controle; Anti-helmínticos recomendados; Práticas de manejo recomendadas.bitstream/item/35646/1/CIT19.pd

Policy Cycle of the Urban Agenda for EU and its Effects on Territorial Cohesion

This chapter aims to analyse how, in the European Union’s public policy set, policies directed to cities and urban matters have become more relevant. The importance of these policies in the European agenda is seen in Cohesion Policy, but also in the Union’s other policies, with other thematic and sector focuses. The intention is also to analyse to what extent the transversal, trans-sector, multi-scale and transpolicy character – which urban questions have acquired in European policies – are contributing to the development of a new generation of public, national and regional policies, and to achieving higher levels of territorial cohesion. The pertinence of this research is reinforced by the creation of the Urban Agenda for EU, created in 2016 by the European Union, which aims to systematize and reorganize the different Union policies directed to cities and revalue their role in the process of European integration