6,861 research outputs found
Experimental data as evidence against the hypothesis on the earth's dust cloud
Cosmos and Explorer satellite data used to reject hypothesis of terrestrial meteoroid and dust cloud
Atrial Switch and Rastelli Operation for Congenitally Corrected Transposition With Ventricular Septal Defect and Pulmonary Stenosis
Novel superconducting phases of Tl-based compounds
Several new superconducting phases of the Tl-based compounds were prepared. Structural studies revealed cell lengths of 31.9 A and longer. Properties of Ce-containing compounds are also discussed
Measurement of young's modulus and hardness of Al-50 wt % Sn alloy phases using nanoindentation
The nanoindentation method was used to measure the Young's modulus and hardness of the phases of the alloy Al-50 wt % Sn: α-aluminum and eutectic. Samples are obtained in different ways, i.e., traditionally via the transition of the melt into a homogeneous structural state by heating to a certain temperature, followed by cooling using the cooling rate greater by the order than that of the traditional method and via the addition of 0.06 wt % Ti and 1 wt % Zr to the binary alloy. It has been found that the most significant effect of the Al-50 wt % Sn phases on the Young's modulus is the transition of the melt into a homogeneous structural state and the introduction of Zr into the melt. As part of the mathematical theory of elasticity, a numerical evaluation of the interfacial pressure that arises due to the difference between Young's modulus of α aluminum and eutectic has been performed. The calculation has showed that the extra pressure is nine times less for the alloy formed through the transition of the melt into a homogeneous structural state than for the alloy produced via a traditional way. © 2013 Pleiades Publishing, Ltd
Thermal drag revisited: Boltzmann versus Kubo
The effect of mutual drag between phonons and spin excitations on the thermal
conductivity of a quantum spin system is discussed. We derive general
expression for the drag component of the thermal current using both Boltzmann
equation approach and Kubo linear-response formalism to leading order in the
spin-phonon coupling. We demonstrate that aside from higher-order corrections
which appear in the Kubo formalism both approaches yield identical results for
the drag thermal conductivity. We discuss the range of applicability of our
result and provide a generalization of our consideration to the cases of
fermionic excitations and to anomalous forms of boson-phonon coupling. Several
asymptotic regimes of our findings relevant to realistic situations are
highlighted.Comment: 14 pages, 3 figures, published version, extended discussio
Incentivizing Honesty among Competitors in Collaborative Learning and Optimization
Collaborative learning techniques have the potential to enable training
machine learning models that are superior to models trained on a single
entity's data. However, in many cases, potential participants in such
collaborative schemes are competitors on a downstream task, such as firms that
each aim to attract customers by providing the best recommendations. This can
incentivize dishonest updates that damage other participants' models,
potentially undermining the benefits of collaboration. In this work, we
formulate a game that models such interactions and study two learning tasks
within this framework: single-round mean estimation and multi-round SGD on
strongly-convex objectives. For a natural class of player actions, we show that
rational clients are incentivized to strongly manipulate their updates,
preventing learning. We then propose mechanisms that incentivize honest
communication and ensure learning quality comparable to full cooperation.
Lastly, we empirically demonstrate the effectiveness of our incentive scheme on
a standard non-convex federated learning benchmark. Our work shows that
explicitly modeling the incentives and actions of dishonest clients, rather
than assuming them malicious, can enable strong robustness guarantees for
collaborative learning.Comment: Accepted to NeurIPS 2023; 37 pages, 5 figure
- …