Application of Statistical and Mathematical Algorithms to Data Analytics and Job Creation in Nigeria

In this paper, we examine the use of statistical and mathematical algorithms in data analytics and their application in business intelligence, insights and collective intelligence, for enhanced job creation interventions in Nigeria. The paper argues that the demand-driven job creation, involving developing skills for existing vacancies or opportunities is no longer sustainable in the current challenging economic conditions. Rather it makes a case for supply-driven job creation, where skills are developed in technology and data analytics (with strong reliance on statistics and mathematics), with a view to solving business and corporate problems, thereby enhancing job creation in those businesses and corporations, which hitherto had no vacancies. The paper surveys statistical and mathematical algorithms, categorized as supervised and unsupervised learning techniques, applied in data analytics, and discusses the emerging requirements for data analytics in modern business and corporations. It further discusses modern application of data analytics in a number of business areas such as marketing, customer management, finances, data mining, web and learning, highlighting a number of metrics specific to each sector. The paper also identifies the specialized skills required to create job opportunities in key sectors in Nigeria. Drawing extensively from the lead author’s experience in the UK, the paper presents how skills in modern data analytics can lead in creating job opportunities, a major lesson for Nigeria. Keywords: Job Creation, Data Analytics, Data Science, Business intelligence, Insights, Algorithm

Camp Elizabeth, Sterling County, Texas: An Archaeological and Archival Investigation of a U.S. Army Subpost, and Evidence Supporting Its Use by the Military and Buffalo Soldiers

The Center for Archaeological Research (CAR) of The University of Texas at San Antonio (UTSA) engaged in a two-phase contract with the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) to complete archaeological and archival investigations of the Camp at the Head of the North Concho (41 STIll). The camp, known locally as Camp Elizabeth, was a military outpost of Fort Concho in San Angelo, Texas, and is now located approximately nine miles northwest of Sterling City along V.S. Highway 87. The camp lies within the right-of-way along V.S. 87 that will be impacted by a highway improvement project. CAR\u27s archaeological and archival investigations confirmed the presence of the former military occupation of the camp during the late-nineteenth century. No evidence supporting a legendary presence of the Texas Rangers at Camp Elizabeth was found. Archival evidence that the Buffalo Soldiers, African-American troops, were stationed at Camp Elizabeth is presented. Archaeological excavations identified numerous features, including a farrier\u27s shop

Gambaran Pelayanan Kesehatan pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19 di Puskesmas Tumpaan Kabupaten Minahasa Selatan

Pelayanan Kesehatan Puskesmas telah berperan penting dalam  pencegahan dan pendeteksian COVID19 selama masa pandemi, serta dalam merespon pencegahan dan penanganan COVID19. Di tengah pandemi virus Corona, upaya kesehatan masyarakat akan tetap dilakukan sesuai kebutuhan. Puskesmas terus menawarkan jenis bantuan penting untuk mengatasi masalah daerah untuk administrasi kesejahteraan dan untuk mencapai norma-norma bantuan paling sedikit. Puskesmas Tumpaan juga memiliki tanggung jawab yang sama di wilayah kerja yaitu di kecamatan tumpaan dengan menjalankan pelayanan kesehatan baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggunakan metode kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan Gambaran Pelaynan..Kesehatan..Pada..Masa Pandemi  COVID19 Di Puskesmas Tumpaan Kabpaten Minahasa Selatan sudah baik dengan dilakukannya pelayanan kesehatan degan SOP pelayanan COVID-19 dan perubahan alur pelayanan serta penyediaan sarana prasarana yang menunjang pelayanan. Kesimpulan dari peneltian ini yaitu Gambaran Pelayanan Kesehatan Pada Masa Pandemi  COVID-19 Di Puskesmas Tumpaan Kabupaten Minahasa Selatan sudah baik dengan dilakukannya pelayanan kesehatan degan SOP pelayanan COVID-19 dan perubahan alur pelayanan serta penyediaan sarana prasarana yang menunjang pelayanan dalam rangka memutuskan rantai penularan COVID-19. Saran untuk Puskesmas, kiranya Puskesmas dapat mempertahankan dan mengembangkan pelayanan kesehatan yang baik yang sesuai dengan Standar pelayanan pada masa Pandemi COVID-19. Kata Kunci: Pelayanan Kesehatan, Pelayanan Kesehatan Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19 ABSTRACTPublic Health Center Health Services have played an important role in the prevention and detection of COVID19 during the pandemic, as well as in responding to the prevention and handling of COVID19. In the midst of the Corona virus pandemic, public health efforts will continue to be carried out as needed. Community health centers continue to offer important types of assistance to address regional problems for welfare administration and to achieve minimum aid norms. The Tumpaan Public Health Center also has the same responsibility in the work area, namely in the Tumpaan sub-district by running good health services. This study aims to use quantitative methods to find out the description of medical services during the COVID 19 pandemic at the Tumpaan Health Center, South Minahasa Regency. The results of the study show that the description of health services during the COVID-19 pandemic at the Tumpaan Public Health Center, South Minahasa Regency has been good with health services carried out with COVID-19 service SOPs and changes in service flow and the provision of infrastructure that supports health services during the COVID-19 pandemic. The conclusion of this study is that the overview of health services during the COVID-19 pandemic at the Tumpaan Public Health Center, South Minahasa Regency, has been good with health services with COVID-19 service SOPs and changes in service flow and the provision of infrastructure facilities that support services in order to break the chain of transmission. COVID-19. Suggestions for Public Health Centers, may Public Health Centers be able to maintain and develop good health services in accordance with service standards during the COVID-19 Pandemic.  Keywords: Health Services, Health Services During The Covid-19 Pandemi

On The Effect of Electron-Hole Recombination in Disordered GaAs-Aa1-xALAs Multi-quantum Well Structure

The disordered electron-hole recombination in multi-quantum well was investigated using analytical method based on the rate equations. The results show extreme broad distribution of the recombination time which depends exponentially on the distances between the recombining excitons. The energies at each localised state shows an energy splitting between the electronic ground state and the first excited state of 0.0038eV

Desiccation-Induced Volumetric Shrinkage Characteristics of Highly Expansive Tropical Black Clay Treated with Groundnut Shell Ash for Barrier Consideration

Contamination of underground water as a result of excessive crack on clay liner material is a prevalent phenomenon in an engineered landfill. Volumetric shrinkage strain (VSS) is one of the veritable properties considered for selection of materials suitable for liners and cover in waste containment systems. Material devoid of excessive shrinkage and cracking during climate change could possibly make a better barrier material that will eventually limit or control infiltration of leachate in an engineered landfill. Hence, to obtain a clay liner and covers system that are safe and robust, stabilization of such soil (expansive clay soils) becomes imperative. In order to stabilize or reduce excessive cracking and shrinkage of this soil, earlier researchers have employed cement, chemicals, and fibers. However, in recent times, the ill effects of these stabilizers on the environment have been realized, and hence their replacement with sustainable materials that are mostly agro and or industry by-products is becoming necessary. Tropical dark grey clay treated with up to 8 % Groundnut shell ash (GSA), was carried out. Specimen were compacted using British standard light (BSL) and British standard heavy (BSH) compactive efforts; at water contents between 2% dry and 4% wet of optimum. The compacted specimens were extruded and subjected to drying under laboratory conditions to evaluate its desiccation induced shrinkage and hence its suitability as a cover material in waste containment facilities. Results of this study show that changes in mass and volumetric shrinkage strain were large within the first five days of drying. Volumetric shrinkage strain increased with higher moulding water contents (MWC) and water contents relative to optimum (WRO). The effect of GSA treatment on VSS was not consistent from -2 to +2 % of optimum moisture content. For specimen prepared at +4 % of optimum moisture content, VSS decreased up to a threshold of  28% at 6 % GSA and 30% at 4% GSA for BSH and BSL compactive effort, respectively. Generally, lower compactive effort (BSL) with higher moulding water content and lower dry density produced higher VSS. A regression function was developed from the data to estimate VSS given the compaction water content relative to optimum (WRO), groundnut shell ash content (GSA), plasticity index (PI), percentage fine content (PF) and compactive effort (CE). Compaction water content relative to optimum significantly correlated with VSS, thus should be strictly regulated during field compaction to realize a durable hydraulic barrier. Keywords: Atterberg limit, compaction, desiccation, expansive soil, groundnut shell ash, statistical analysis DOI: 10.7176/CER/11-8-06 Publication date:September 30th 201

Plume motion and large-scale circulation in a cylindrical Rayleigh-B\'enard cell

We used the time correlation of shadowgraph images to determine the angle $\Theta$ of the horizontal component of the plume velocity above (below) the center of the bottom (top) plate of a cylindrical Rayleigh-B\'enard cell of aspect ratio $\Gamma \equiv D/L = 1$ ($D$ is the diameter and $L \simeq 87$ mm the height) in the Rayleigh-number range $7\times 10^7 \leq R \leq 3\times 10^{9}$ for a Prandtl number $\sigma = 6$. We expect that $\Theta$ gives the direction of the large-scale circulation. It oscillates time-periodically. Near the top and bottom plates $\Theta(t)$ has the same frequency but is anti-correlated.Comment: 4 pages, 6 figure

Asymmetric Squares as Standing Waves in Rayleigh-Benard Convection

Possibility of asymmetric square convection is investigated numerically using a few mode Lorenz-like model for thermal convection in Boussinesq fluids confined between two stress free and conducting flat boundaries. For relatively large value of Rayleigh number, the stationary rolls become unstable and asymmetric squares appear as standing waves at the onset of secondary instability. Asymmetric squares, two dimensional rolls and again asymmetric squares with their corners shifted by half a wavelength form a stable limit cycle.Comment: 8 pages, 7 figure

Pavements of Siderastrea radians on Cape Verde Reefs

Without Abstrac

Anhedonia modulates benzodiazepine and opioid demand among persons in treatment for opioid use disorder

BACKGROUND: Benzodiazepine (BZD) misuse is a significant public health problem, particularly in conjunction with opioid use, due to increased risks of overdose and death. One putative mechanism underlying BZD misuse is affective dysregulation, via exaggerated negative affect (e.g., anxiety, depression, stress-reactivity) and/or impaired positive affect (anhedonia). Similar to other misused substances, BZD consumption is sensitive to price and individual differences. Although purchase tasks and demand curve analysis can shed light on determinants of substance use, few studies have examined BZD demand, nor factors related to demand. METHODS: This ongoing study is examining simulated economic demand for alprazolam (among BZD lifetime misusers based on self-report and DSM-5 diagnosis; n = 23 total; 14 male, 9 female) and each participant\u27s preferred-opioid/route using hypothetical purchase tasks among patients with opioid use disorder (n = 59 total; 38 male, 21 female) who are not clinically stable, i.e., defined as being early in treatment or in treatment longer but with recent substance use. Aims are to determine whether: (1) BZD misusers differ from never-misusers on preferred-opioid economic demand, affective dysregulation (using questionnaire and performance measures), insomnia/behavioral alertness, psychiatric diagnoses or medications, or urinalysis results; and (2) alprazolam demand among BZD misusers is related to affective dysregulation or other measures. RESULTS: Lifetime BZD misuse is significantly (p \u3c 0.05) related to current major depressive disorder diagnosis, opioid-negative and methadone-negative urinalysis, higher trait anxiety, greater self-reported affective dysregulation, and younger age, but not preferred-opioid demand or insomnia/behavioral alertness. Alprazolam and opioid demand are each significantly positively related to higher anhedonia and, to a lesser extent, depression symptoms but no other measures of negative-affective dysregulation, psychiatric conditions or medications (including opioid agonist therapy or inpatient/outpatient treatment modality), or sleep-related problems. CONCLUSION: Anhedonia (positive-affective deficit) robustly predicted increased BZD and opioid demand; these factors could modulate treatment response. Routine assessment and effective treatment of anhedonia in populations with concurrent opioid and sedative use disorder may improve treatment outcomes