1,186,979 research outputs found
INFLUENCE OF EXTRACTION METHODS ON THE HEPATOTOXICITY OF AZADIRACHTA INDICA BARK EXTRACT ON ALBINO RATS
The influence of extraction methods: Cold aqueous (CA) hot aqueous (HA) and alcoholic extraction (AE)
methods on the hepatotoxic effect of Azadirachta indica bark extract (ABC) was investigated using albino rats. A total
of forty eight rats were divided into three groups of sixteen rats equally for the extraction methods. Each group was
subdivided into four rats to represent control, low, medium and high doses of the extract. The control group received
no extract while the other groups were administered the various concentrations (doses) intraperitoneally twice daily
for seven (7) days before they were all sacrificed under light chloroform and used for the analysis. Parameters
determined include glucose, cholesterol and triglycerol. Also alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Aspartate amino transferase
(AST) and alanine amino transferase (ALP) activities were determined. The result shows that glucose levels
decreased from 85.75+2.85 to 65.00+12.05 in high concentration of C.A. Similar decreases were obtained from HA
and AE extraction methods. Cholesterol levels also decreased from 111,63+1.02 to 53.75+0.90 in the high
concentration CA, and similarly decreased in HA and AE extraction methods. Also triglycerol levels decreased from
66.49+0.95 to 21.02+0.30 in the high concentration of CA, and also decreased respectively in both HA and AE
extraction methods. Similarly, the activities of the enzymes decreased in all the extraction methods, and for the
different concentrations over the control except for the activities of ALP which increased generally in CA method. This implies that ABE using HA and AE methods in non hepatotoxic while there is possibility of hepatotoxicity of the obstructive type if CA extraction method is used
Sir John Adams: his legacy to the world of particle accelerators
John Adams acquired an unrivalled reputation for his leading part in
designing and constructing the Proton Synchrotron (PS) in CERN's early days. In
1968, and after several years heading a fusion laboratory in the UK, he came
back to Geneva to pilot the Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) project to approval
and then to direct its construction. By the time of his early death in 1984 he
had built the two flagship proton accelerators at CERN and, during the second
of his terms as Director-General, he laid the groundwork for the
proton-antiproton collider which led to the discovery of the intermediate
vector boson. How did someone without any formal academic qualification achieve
this? What was the magic behind his leadership? The speaker, who worked many
years alongside him, will discuss these questions and speculate on how Sir John
Adams might have viewed today's CERN.Comment: 29 pages, John Adams Memorial Lecture 2009, published with
high-resolution figures as CERN Yellow Report
http://cdsweb.cern.ch/record/133152
Theory of Feshbach molecule formation in a dilute gas during a magnetic field ramp
Starting with coupled atom-molecule Boltzmann equations, we develop a
simplified model to understand molecule formation observed in recent
experiments. Our theory predicts several key features: (1) the effective
adiabatic rate constant is proportional to density; (2) in an adiabatic ramp,
the dependence of molecular fraction on magnetic field resembles an error
function whose width and centroid are related to the temperature; (3) the
molecular production efficiency is a universal function of the initial phase
space density, the specific form of which we derive for a classical gas. Our
predictions show qualitative agreement with the data from [Hodby et al, Phys.
Rev. Lett. {\bf{94}}, 120402 (2005)] without the use of adjustable parameters
Dark Energy as an off-shell Tachyon Background in four-dimensional Strings
We consider a time-dependent bosonic string in graviton, dilaton and tachyon
backgrounds, for which it was already shown that conformal invariance is
respected to all orders in alpha' and in any space-time dimension. Assuming
that the tachyon is off-shell, we show in this note that the specific
time-homogeneity of the corresponding space time effective action leads to a
power-law expanding Universe, that can be accelerating or decelerating,
depending on the range of parameter space considered. We interpret this result
as dark energy. We arrive at this result without requiring the knowledge of the
structure of the string effective action, which is not known to all orders in
alpha'. Moreover, in our approach, the background configurations are consistent
in a four-dimensional space time, without any need for extra dimensions.Comment: 10 pages, typos correcte
Optimization of structures on the basis of fracture mechanics and reliability criteria
Systematic summary of factors which are involved in optimization of given structural configuration is part of report resulting from study of analysis of objective function. Predicted reliability of performance of finished structure is sharply dependent upon results of coupon tests. Optimization analysis developed by study also involves expected cost of proof testing
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