Protection of rights of children under international and Russian legislation

This study was aimed at discussing the main aspects regarding the protection of rights of children under international and Russian law. An analysis of the norms regarding the protection of the rights, freedoms and legitimate interests of children from the point of view of international and Russian legislation was presented. The main directions of the state policy on the protection of the rights and legitimate interests of children were also covere

Humanitarian context of the principles of the judiciary in the constitutions of the countries of Eastern Europe

The article is devoted to the comparative analysis of norms of the constitutions of the countries of Eastern Europe in connection with the identification in them of the principles of the judiciary, enshrined in the special sections on the rights and freedoms of man and citize

Constitutional and legal aspect of the legal experiment of migration regulation in the Russian Federation and Germany

The article is devoted to the study of the features of the migration policy implemented in the Russian Federation as a kind of legal experimen

Economic development of regions during reforming the constitutional and legal model of power delineation in Russian Federation

According to the Russian Federation Constitution, all constituent entities have equal rights. However, equal rights are not synonymous with equality. Equal rights mean legal equality only; in other meanings, they differ significantly from each other. However, if the territorial, demographic and some other differences of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation are the result of objective reasons, and in general do not affect the quality of life of the Russians living there, then the economic differences have more serious consequences. The article makes and attempt to examine the possibilities of economic independence increase in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The authors state that the currently existing model of power delimitation is based on the consolidation of the main powers of the federal authorities, while the constituent entities of the Russian Federation are mainly entrusted with financially-intensive powers, which are not always provided with the necessary resources. This matter allows the federal center to accumulate significant financial resources with their subsequent distribution across regions, often in accordance with subjective and non-transparent criteria. In addition, the authors propose the measures to change this situation, in particular, an assessment of power implementation effectiveness at a specific level of power; the ensured provision of the constituent entity powers of the Russian Federation with the necessary resources; use of the system of minimum state social standards

Inadmissibilidade de experimentos em pessoas: imperativos constitucionais dos países pós- soviéticos

The article revealed typical and peculiar contexts, based on the analysis of the constitutional texts of CIS countries concerning the reflection of compulsory experiments on people prohibition. The approaches of states concerning the forbidden types of experiments on people were studied and, taking this into account, the conclusion is made about the advisability of prohibitive formulations by the analogy with those that are implemented in constitutional provisions on the inadmissibility of discrimination on any grounds. It was noted that with all the differences in the approaches of this group of states, they are all determined by the constitutional imperative of experiments on people inadmissibility.El artículo reveló contextos típicos y peculiares, basados en el análisis de los textos constitucionales de los países de la CEI sobre el reflejo de los experimentos obligatorios y su prohibición con personas. Se estudiaron los enfoques de los estados sobre los tipos prohibidos de experimentos con personas y, tomando esto en cuenta, se llegó a la conclusión sobre la conveniencia de formulaciones prohibitivas por la analogía con aquellas que se implementan en disposiciones constitucionales sobre la inadmisibilidad de la discriminación por cualquier motivo. Se observó que con todas las diferencias en los enfoques de este grupo de estados, todos están determinados por el imperativo constitucional de los experimentos sobre la inadmisibilidad de las personas.O artigo revelou contextos típicos e peculiares, com base na análise dos textos constitucionais dos países da CEI sobre o reflexo de experimentos compulsórios sobre a proibição de pessoas. As abordagens dos estados sobre os tipos proibidos de experimentos em pessoas foram estudadas e, levando isso em conta, a conclusão é feita sobre a conveniência de formulações proibitivas pela analogia com aquelas que são implementadas em disposições constitucionais sobre a inadmissibilidade da discriminação por qualquer razão. Notou-se que, com todas as diferenças nas abordagens desse grupo de estados, elas são todas determinadas pelo imperativo constitucional de experimentos sobre inadmissibilidade de pessoas.&nbsp

Constitutional and Legal Regulation of State Authority Interaction on Citizen Appeals: Foreign Experience

The purpose of this article is to identify the foreign experience of constitutional legalization of the basic foundations of interaction between government bodies regarding citizens' appeals. The study was built based on a dialectical approach to the disclosure of legal phenomena and processes using general scientific (systemic, logical, analysis and synthesis) and private scientific methods. The claimed interaction becomes relevant in modern conditions because that there is the coordination of the interests between an individual and the state in this process that is demanded to strengthen democratic values. Systematization of foreign constitutional experience, which appears in the comparative legal aspect as part of the general human rights theory

Human Rights Risks in the Constitutions of the American Federal States

The article presents the results of a comparative legal analysis of the constitutions of American federal states (Argentina, Brazil, Venezuela, Canada, Mexico, and USA) with a view to identifying the norms that minimize human rights risks. The examination depended on an argumentative way to deal with the revelation of legitimate wonders and cycles utilizing general logical (precise and consistent strategies, investigation and amalgamation) and explicit logical techniques. The declared axiological, functional, and institutional parameters are fully set only in the Constitution of Venezuela. Other constitutions that consider the objective specifics of the historical development of countries reflected the desired formulations in the framework of the axiology of individual rights and freedoms; prohibition of slavery; judicial protection of individual rights; isolation of a special human rights institution, etc. The objectives of the study led to the use of special legal methods. Thus, the comparative legal method contributed to the identification of resources and means of minimizing risks to human right advocacy in the foreign constitutions. The novelty of this research is identifying the norms that minimize human rights risks

Финансовая политика государственной поддержки отрасли микроэлектроники в России в условиях санкций

The relevance of this study is determined by the need to develop the domestic semiconductors industry in Russia, taking into account the negative effects both internal and external.The purpose of this paper is to test the hypothesis of the positive impact of the methods used by the state of financial support of domestic companies to acquire advanced technologies in a specific area in the context of a lack of funding and the significant lag of the national semiconductor industry in the world’s leading countries.The target of this study is the analysis of possible tools of state support, including subsidies and grants, and methods of their application for the creation of competitive industry of domestic semiconductor production.The key methods used in this study include the collection and processing of statistical data, their comparative analysis, as well as the elaboration of the regulatory framework on tax regulation in this sector of the economy.The main methods applied in this study are data collection and processing, comparative analysis, and the development of a regulatory framework for tax regulation in this sector of the economy. The authors analyzed the semiconductors industry in the world, including the production of microprocessors and other semiconductor components. The situation in countries such as China, USA, Japan, Europe, Taiwan, India and Russia is discussed in more detail. The main problems with semiconductor industry development in Russia have been revealed. Additionally, researchers have evaluated and outlined fields of federal budget spendings in the industry in the period of years 2022 and 2025.The scientific novelty of this paper is to identify the relationship between the measures of state tax incentives provided to the radio-electronic industry and macroeconomic indicators. Based on that authors have developed evaluation criteria of the relevance and efficiency of fiscal preferences for the analyzed industry which is considered as the result of research.It concluded that the state’s initiatives to promote the radio-electronics industry might provide Russia a chance to catch up to the world’s leading countries in this industry.Актуальность исследования определяется необходимостью развития отечественной отрасли микроэлектроники в России с учетом сложившихся негативных как внутренних, так и внешних эффектов.Целью является проверка гипотезы о положительном влиянии используемых государством методов финансовой поддержки отечественных компаний для получения прорывных технологий в конкретной области в условиях недостатка финансирования и существенного отставания национальной отрасли микроэлектроники от ведущих стран мира.Задачей данного исследования является анализ возможных инструментов государственной поддержки, включая субсидии и гранты, а также методов их применения с целью создания конкурентной отрасли производства отечественной микроэлектроники.Основные методы, используемые в данном исследовании, включают в себя сбор и обработку статистических данных, их сравнительный анализ, а также проработку нормативной базы по налоговому регулированию в данном секторе экономики. Авторы проанализировали состояние отрасли микроэлектроники в мире, включая производство микропроцессоров и других полупроводниковых компонентов. Более детально рассмотрена ситуация в таких странах, как Китай, США, Япония, Европа, Тайвань, Индия и Россия. На основе проведенного анализа выявлены основные проблемы развития отрасли микроэлектроники в России. Дана оценка масштабов и выявлены направления расходования средств федерального бюджета на развитие радиоэлектронной промышленности в период 2022–2025 гг.Научная новизна проведенного исследования заключается в выявлении взаимосвязи между предоставляемыми мерами государственного налогового стимулирования радиоэлектронной промышленности и макроэкономическими показателями.Результаты позволили авторам выработать критерии оценки востребованности и эффективности фискальных преференций для исследуемого вида деятельности.Сделан вывод, что используемые государством меры поддержки радиоэлектронной промышленности могут дать России шанс преодолеть значительное отставание в этой отрасли от ведущих стран мира