64 research outputs found
Grado de conocimiento sobre su enfermedad en pacientes diabéticos que se controlan en el servicio de Endocrinología del Hospital “José F. de San Martin”. Año 2016
LLa Diabetes Mellitus es una enfermedad crónica las complicaciones asociadas a la misma se vinculan con el grado de conocimiento que tenga elpaciente sobre su enfermedad. Se realizó un estudio cuantitativo, transversal y descriptivo con el objetivo de estimar el grado de conocimiento sobre Diabetes relacionándola con edad, sexo, nivel de instrucción, situación laboral, estado civil, situaciónde convivencia, presencia o no de antecedentes de Diabetes de tipo II en familiares directos y tipo de tratamiento que recibían. La población en estudio fue una muestra de 90 pacientes controlados en el servicio de Endocrinología del Hospital “José F. de San Martin”, durante el año 2016. Se analizó el grado de conocimiento mediante un instrumento basado en un cuestionario realizado por la Universidad de Michigan (EUA) y un cuestionario de Diabetes ECODI (Escala de conocimientos de Diabetes). Las operaciones estadísticas utilizadas fueron porcentajes y promedios en el programa “Excel”.RESULTADOSEl 69% de los pacientes encuestados obtuvo un grado de conocimiento aceptable; de estos la mayoría no tenían antecedentes de Diabetes, eran adultos maduros (36 a 59años de edad), pertenecían al sexo femenino, tenían riesgo educativo (personas con escolaridad básica incompleta), trabajaban de forma independiente, eran solteros, vivían solos y tenían la alimentación como principal tratamiento.DISCUSIÓNExisten estudios antecedentes que demuestran que el grado de conocimientos de pacientes diabéticos sobre su enfermedad influye directamente en el autocuidado de los mismos. Este estudio evidenció que el grado de conocimiento sobre su enfermedad es aceptable en los sujetos estudiados resultados similares a lo obtenido por Rodríguez en Buenos Aires Argentina 2015.CONCLUSIONESSe encontró un nivel de conocimientos aceptable, se sugiere implementar talleres supervisados para evaluar autocuidado, estrategias demostrativas sobre complicaciones para concientizar y lograr mantener un buen nivel de conocimientos o mejorarlo
The role of whole brain radiation therapy in the management of newly diagnosed brain metastases: a systematic review and evidence-based clinical practice guideline
QUESTION: Should patients with newly-diagnosed metastatic brain tumors undergo open surgical resection versus whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT) and/or other treatment modalities such as radiosurgery, and in what clinical settings?
TARGET POPULATION: These recommendations apply to adults with a newly diagnosed single brain metastasis amenable to surgical resection.
RECOMMENDATIONS: Surgical resection plus WBRT versus surgical resection alone Level 1 Surgical resection followed by WBRT represents a superior treatment modality, in terms of improving tumor control at the original site of the metastasis and in the brain overall, when compared to surgical resection alone. Surgical resection plus WBRT versus SRS + or - WBRT Level 2 Surgical resection plus WBRT, versus stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) plus WBRT, both represent effective treatment strategies, resulting in relatively equal survival rates. SRS has not been assessed from an evidence-based standpoint for larger lesions (\u3e3 cm) or for those causing significant mass effect (\u3e1 cm midline shift). Level 3 Underpowered class I evidence along with the preponderance of conflicting class II evidence suggests that SRS alone may provide equivalent functional and survival outcomes compared with resection + WBRT for patients with single brain metastases, so long as ready detection of distant site failure and salvage SRS are possible. Note The following question is fully addressed in the WBRT guideline paper within this series by Gaspar et al. Given that the recommendation resulting from the systematic review of the literature on this topic is also highly relevant to the discussion of the role of surgical resection in the management of brain metastases, this recommendation has been included below
Quality of life data as prognostic indicators of survival in cancer patients: an overview of the literature from 1982 to 2008
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Health-related quality of life and survival are two important outcome measures in cancer research and practice. The aim of this paper is to examine the relationship between quality of life data and survival time in cancer patients.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>A review was undertaken of all the full publications in the English language biomedical journals between 1982 and 2008. The search was limited to cancer, and included the combination of keywords 'quality of life', 'patient reported-outcomes' 'prognostic', 'predictor', 'predictive' and 'survival' that appeared in the titles of the publications. In addition, each study was examined to ensure that it used multivariate analysis. Purely psychological studies were excluded. A manual search was also performed to include additional papers of potential interest.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>A total of 451 citations were identified in this rapid and systematic review of the literature. Of these, 104 citations on the relationship between quality of life and survival were found to be relevant and were further examined. The findings are summarized under different headings: heterogeneous samples of cancer patients, lung cancer, breast cancer, gastro-oesophageal cancers, colorectal cancer, head and neck cancer, melanoma and other cancers. With few exceptions, the findings showed that quality of life data or some aspects of quality of life measures were significant independent predictors of survival duration. Global quality of life, functioning domains and symptom scores - such as appetite loss, fatigue and pain - were the most important indicators, individually or in combination, for predicting survival times in cancer patients after adjusting for one or more demographic and known clinical prognostic factors.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>This review provides evidence for a positive relationship between quality of life data or some quality of life measures and the survival duration of cancer patients. Pre-treatment (baseline) quality of life data appeared to provide the most reliable information for helping clinicians to establish prognostic criteria for treating their cancer patients. It is recommended that future studies should use valid instruments, apply sound methodological approaches and adequate multivariate statistical analyses adjusted for socio-demographic characteristics and known clinical prognostic factors with a satisfactory validation strategy. This strategy is likely to yield more accurate and specific quality of life-related prognostic variables for specific cancers.</p
Effect Of Indomethacin Treatment On Lymphokine Activated Killer (Lak) And Natural-Killer (Nk) Cell-Activity Of C57Bl/6J Mice
10 Years of Evaluation Research Into Gaming Simulation for German Entrepreneurship and a New Study on Its Long-Term Effects
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