Interaction of solar neutrinos with 98,100^{98,100}Mo isotopes and the influence of nuclear resonances

The process of neutrino interaction with $^{98}$Mo and $^{100}$Mo isotopes is studied taking into consideration the effect of charge-exchange resonances. The experimental data on the strength functions $S(E)$ obtained in charge-exchange reactions $(p; n)$ and $(^3\mathrm{He}, t)$ and the strength functions $S(E)$ calculated within the theory of finite Fermi systems were used. We studied the effect of the resonance structure of $S(E)$ on the cross sections for solar-neutrino. We investigated the contribution of each high-lying resonance to the capture cross section $\sigma(E_{\nu})$. The contributions of all components of the solar neutrino spectrum are calculated. We estimate the contribution of different components of solar neutrinos as the background for the double-beta decay experiments on $^{100}$Mo.Comment: 17 pages, 7 figure

Electrocardiographic diagnostics of cardiovascular pathology in athletes of youth sports schools

Objective: to evaluate the data of cardiac screening to identify cardiac pathology and determine sports participation among in athletes of Youth Sports Schools in five districts of St. Petersburg. Materials and methods: 9847 young athletes (average age 13.8 ± 4.9 years, 6127 men) were included in the study during 8 months. Clinical protocol uncluded the collection of complaints, anamnesis, family anamnesis, physical examination, ECG in 12 leads. If necessary, Holter monitoring, echocardiography, and an exercise test were performed. Results: typical ECG changes were registered in 60.4% of athletes, borderline in 0.05% and pathological in 3.69%. All athletes with pathological changes were excluded from the training and competitive process for the period of in-depth medical examination. In the end, two athletes were not allowed to continue participation in sport (2 with stressful ventricular arrhythmias). There was not any lethal outcomes for the entire period of the study. Conclusions: cardiological screening using the routine ECG method remains the main tool for identifying a possible pathological substrate and assessing the risk of sudden cardiac death. Early detection of cardiac arrhythmias and conduction disturbances allow to take measures to prevent sudden cardiac death

Propellant Charring in Pulsed Plasma Thrusters

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/76437/1/AIAA-2471-899.pd

Radial distribution of a single-pass amplified radiation in the active elements of CuBr lasers

The paper presents the results of study of single-pass amplified radiation distribution of copper bromide vapor laser active elements used in high-speed laser monitors. The possibility of modifying the profile of a single-pass amplified light beam by changing the copper bromide vapor concentration is demonstrated. This means of influence on the radiation profile seems to be easiest due to implementation by varying only one parameter of operation. Gaussian, ring-shaped or flat profiles can be achieved depending on the temperature of the containers with copper bromide. The diameter of the beam becomes narrower when increasing the concentration of copper bromide vapor. This feature is characteristic of the discharge tubes as small (diameter 2.5, length 5 cm) and large (diameter 5 cm, length 90 cm) active volume

Inferring possible magnetic field strength of accreting inflows in EXor-type objects from scaled laboratory experiments

Aims. EXor-type objects are protostars that display powerful UV-optical outbursts caused by intermittent and powerful events of magnetospheric accretion. These objects are not yet well investigated and are quite difficult to characterize. Several parameters, such as plasma stream velocities, characteristic densities, and temperatures, can be retrieved from present observations. As of yet, however, there is no information about the magnetic field values and the exact underlying accretion scenario is also under discussion. Methods. We use laboratory plasmas, created by a high power laser impacting a solid target or by a plasma gun injector, and make these plasmas propagate perpendicularly to a strong external magnetic field. The propagating plasmas are found to be well scaled to the presently inferred parameters of EXor-type accretion event, thus allowing us to study the behaviour of such episodic accretion processes in scaled conditions. Results. We propose a scenario of additional matter accretion in the equatorial plane, which claims to explain the increased accretion rates of the EXor objects, supported by the experimental demonstration of effective plasma propagation across the magnetic field. In particular, our laboratory investigation allows us to determine that the field strength in the accretion stream of EXor objects, in a position intermediate between the truncation radius and the stellar surface, should be of the order of 100 G. This, in turn, suggests a field strength of a few kilogausses on the stellar surface, which is similar to values inferred from observations of classical T Tauri stars

Optimization Issues for a Micropulsed Plasma Thruster

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/76083/1/AIAA-13954-648.pd

ВЫЯВЛЕНИЕ МИКОБАКТЕРИЙ ТУБЕРКУЛЕЗА В КРОВИ КАК МЕТОД ДИАГНОСТИКИ ГЕНЕРАЛ ИЗОВАННОГО ТУБЕРКУЛЕЗА У ПАЦИЕНТОВ С ВИЧ-ИНФЕКЦИЕЙ

Objective: To study the informative value of the detection of mycobacteria in blood with the cultural method in patients with suspected tuberculous sepsis and to determine the most significant clinical and laboratory criteria for testing. Materials and methods: The investigation to detect M.tuberculosis was fulfilled in 159 HIV-positive patients with suspected tuberculosis sepsis. Blood culture was completed with culture medium Myco/F Lytic Culture Vials and analyzer BACTEC 9050. Results: Mycobacteria were detected in blood of 19 patients (11,9% of all patients): in 18 patients the growth of М. tuberculosis complex was detected (25,3% of all patients with diagnosed tuberculosis) and in 1 patient it was Mycobacterium avium complex (0,6% of all patients). It was shown, that the probability of M.tuberculosis detection was especially associated with the severity of the disease, immunosupression (less than 100 cells/mkl), hemoglobin quantity less than 90 g/l (levels were determined through the seeking for the most significant cutoffs). It was not proofed, that meningoencephalitis develops more often in patients with proven bacteremia. There were no evident differences in detection frequency of mycobacteria in sputum between patients with tuberculous sepsis and without it.Цель: изучить информативность культурального исследования крови на МБТ у больных ВИЧ-инфекцией с подозрением на туберкулезной сепсис и определить наиболее значимые предтестовые клинико-лабораторные критерии. Материалы и методы: обследование для выявления микобактерий в крови выполнено 159 больным ВИЧинфекцией с подозрением на туберкулезный сепсис. Посев крови производили на среду Myco/F Lytic Culture Vials и помещали в гемоанализатор BACTEC 9050. Результаты: микобактериальная инфекция кровотока выявлена у 19 пациентов (11,9% от числа тестируемых): у 18 человек обнаружен рост М. tuberculosis complex (25,3% от числа больных туберкулезом) и у одного больного – Mycobacterium avium complex (0,6% от числа тестируемых). Выявлено, что вероятность бактериемии наиболее связана с тяжестью состояния пациента; иммуносупрессией менее 100 клеток/мкл; снижением уровня гемоглобина менее 90 г/л (уровни были определены посредством поиска наиболее значимых порогов). Не удалось доказать, что менингоэнцефалит чаще развивается у лиц с подтвержденной бактериемией. Достоверных различий по частоте выявления МБТ в мокроте у больных с туберкулезным сепсисом и без него выявить не удалось

The Redox State of Transglutaminase 2 Controls Arterial Remodeling

While inward remodeling of small arteries in response to low blood flow, hypertension, and chronic vasoconstriction depends on type 2 transglutaminase (TG2), the mechanisms of action have remained unresolved. We studied the regulation of TG2 activity, its (sub) cellular localization, substrates, and its specific mode of action during small artery inward remodeling. We found that inward remodeling of isolated mouse mesenteric arteries by exogenous TG2 required the presence of a reducing agent. The effect of TG2 depended on its cross-linking activity, as indicated by the lack of effect of mutant TG2. The cell-permeable reducing agent DTT, but not the cell-impermeable reducing agent TCEP, induced translocation of endogenous TG2 and high membrane-bound transglutaminase activity. This coincided with inward remodeling, characterized by a stiffening of the artery. The remodeling could be inhibited by a TG2 inhibitor and by the nitric oxide donor, SNAP. Using a pull-down assay and mass spectrometry, 21 proteins were identified as TG2 cross-linking substrates, including fibronectin, collagen and nidogen. Inward remodeling induced by low blood flow was associated with the upregulation of several anti-oxidant proteins, notably glutathione-S-transferase, and selenoprotein P. In conclusion, these results show that a reduced state induces smooth muscle membrane-bound TG2 activity. Inward remodeling results from the cross-linking of vicinal matrix proteins, causing a stiffening of the arterial wall