Models and phenomenology

It is evident that models of the knee should match the observational phenomenology. In this talk I discuss a few aspects of phenomenology, which are important not only for the understanding of the knee origin, but also for the general problem of the origin of cosmic rays. Among them are the shape of the energy spectrum, its irregularity, the sharpness of the knee and its fine structure. The classification of models is given and some examples of the most recent models are discussed. The most probable conclusion deduced from this examination is that the knee has an astrophysical origin and the so called 'source' models of the knee are most likely among them.Comment: 13 pages, 4 figures, overview talk at 19th European Cosmic Ray Symposium, Firenze, Italy, 30.08-4.09.2004 (to be published in the Int.J.Mod.Phys.A

NN Interaction JISP16: Current Status and Prospect

We discuss realistic nonlocal NN interactions of a new type - J-matrix Inverse Scattering Potential (JISP). In an ab exitu approach, these interactions are fitted to not only two-nucleon data (NN scattering data and deuteron properties) but also to the properties of light nuclei without referring to three-nucleon forces. We discuss recent progress with the ab initio No-core Shell Model (NCSM) approach and respective progress in developing ab exitu JISP-type NN-interactions together with plans of their forthcoming improvements.Comment: 9 pages, 3 figures, to be published in Proceedings of Few-body 19 conferenc

Challenges of enterprise resource planning (ERP) implementation in agriculture

The underlying assumption of the study is that ERP systems can crucially facilitate information exchange; yet, the agricultural sector is slow in their adoption due to different reasons, including a shortage of skilled personnel as well as a lack of knowledge about ERP capabilities among top managers and key employees. The study intends to identify challenges and prospects for ERP implementation in agriculture. The applied methods include the analysis of WoS publications and questionnaire surveys of executives of 55 companies operating in the Middle Urals’ agricultural sector. ERP systems can be defined as comprehensive software solutions aimed to integrate business and management processes through a holistic approach and a single information system. According to expert estimates, in today’s Russia the projects related to the agro-industrial sector account for 1-2% to 10-15% of the projects from the leading ERP vendors, including 1C, Bars Group, and Navigator-Agro. ERP systems in agriculture help improve business performance, reduce and monitor costs. These systems are effective in decision-making and can serve as the basis for precision agriculture. The main barriers are poor personnel skills and competencies, shortage of funds for ERP adoption, poorly developed or absent infrastructure, difficulties of fitting and adapting of ERP systems to agricultural business. In addition, agricultural business owners show no confidence in high-tech solutions and poor knowledge of the above systems. Other problems include operation complexity and insufficient government support in ERP implementation. The results of the study can be used by government authorities in their programs for innovative development and technical upgrading of the agriculture industry. © 2020 by author(s) and VsI Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Center.Russian Foundation for Basic Research, RFBR: 19-41-000001, 19-41-000001, 19-41-000001, 19-41-000001Russian Foundation for Basic Research, RFBR: 19-41-000001, 19-41-000001, 19-41-000001, 19-41-000001The reported study was funded by RFBR and Sverdlovsk region, project number 19-41-000001, Russian FederationThe reported study was funded by RFBR and Sverdlovsk region, project number 19-41-000001, Russian Federatio

Developing technological process of obtaining giality casts

The article considers the process of manufacturing castings using sand-resin forms and alloying furnace. Were the optimal technological parameters of manufacturing shell molds for the manufacture of castings of heating equipment. Using the same upon receipt of castings by casting in shell molds furnace alloying and deoxidation of the metal will provide consumers with quality products and have a positive impact on the economy in general engineering

Escape of the martian protoatmosphere and initial water inventory

Latest research in planet formation indicate that Mars formed within a few million years (Myr) and remained a planetary embryo that never grew to a more massive planet. It can also be expected from dynamical models, that most of Mars' building blocks consisted of material that formed in orbital locations just beyond the ice line which could have contained ~0.1-0.2 wt. % of H2O. By using these constraints, we estimate the nebula-captured and catastrophically outgassed volatile contents during the solidification of Mars' magma ocean and apply a hydrodynamic upper atmosphere model for the study of the soft X-ray and extreme ultraviolet (XUV) driven thermal escape of the martian protoatmosphere during the early active epoch of the young Sun. The amount of gas that has been captured from the protoplanetary disk into the planetary atmosphere is calculated by solving the hydrostatic structure equations in the protoplanetary nebula. Depending on nebular properties such as the dust grain depletion factor, planetesimal accretion rates and luminosities, hydrogen envelopes with masses >=3x10^{19} g to <=6.5x10^{22} g could have been captured from the nebula around early Mars. Depending of the before mentioned parameters, due to the planets low gravity and a solar XUV flux that was ~100 times stronger compared to the present value, our results indicate that early Mars would have lost its nebular captured hydrogen envelope after the nebula gas evaporated, during a fast period of ~0.1-7.5 Myr. After the solidification of early Mars' magma ocean, catastrophically outgassed volatiles with the amount of ~50-250 bar H2O and ~10-55 bar CO2 could have been lost during ~0.4-12 Myr, if the impact related energy flux of large planetesimals and small embryos to the planet's surface lasted long enough, that the steam atmosphere could have been prevented from condensing. If this was not the case... (continued)Comment: 47 pages, 10 figures, 3 tables, submitted to PS

Social Justice Based on Religious Forms of Prosociality in Russia

This article shows the social and psychological aspects of the prosociality in Russia which help to see the ways to social justice forming. In Russia, under the influence of Christianity forms an approach to prosocial behavior as a mandatory element of public life. Objective of study is an identification of the peculiarities of prosocial manifestation in Russian people with different levels of religiosity in modern social and cultural conditions. This study is conducted on the base of the complex of methods, namely, The Scale of Altruism (SRA); Social Norms of Prosocial Behavior (SNPB); Index of Core Spiritual Experiences (INSPIRIT); Religious Orientation Scale (RSO). The sample consists of 221 people living in various Russian cities (38% of men, 62% of women) aged 20 to 66 years (M-39.8). As a result, the collected data and their evaluation and discussion help to support the idea that spirituality and citizenship have a regulatory influence on the prosocial motives of mercy, tolerance, and altruism

Using high-chromium iron as material for production of the equipping components of mine shafts

This paper deals with service conditions of shaft equipment, in particular, inserts of sliding bearings for the purpose of increasing service life due to material substitution and wear resistance increase. As a new material high-chromium irons are offered. Studies are conducted on a microstructure and wear resistance of prototypes is measured. Experimental data are treated by methods of mathematical statistics which confirm reliability of results. The results obtained make it possible to suggest using high-chromium irons as the direct material to produce inserts of sliding bearings