47 research outputs found

    Investigation of Borosilicate Glasses with Simulated HLW Components and Determination of Their Chemical Durability

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    Received: 25.11.2020. Revised: 02.03.2021. Accepted: 03.03.2021. Available online: 04.03.2021.This article belongs to the PCEE-2020 Special Issue.The paper discusses the current status of the HLW vitrification technology applied at the radiochemical plant of the Mayak PA. Conceptual and technical solutions proposed to develop the technology of vitrification of various types of liquid HLW at the Mayak PA are presented. Compositions of borosilicate glasses with HLW components are described, temperatures of their melting and easy pouring are determined. Chemical durability parameters obtained for the borosilicate glasses are provided

    Π‘Ρ€Π°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΊ ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ ΡΡ‚Π°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ лСкарствСнных срСдств Π² Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΊΠ°Ρ… Π½Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ Π² России ΠΈ Евразийском экономичСском союзС

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    Stability testing gives necessary data on the effect of such factors as temperature, light, humidity, etc. on the medicinal product quality. The results of these studies help to select suitable primary and secondary packaging and to determine storage conditions and shelf life for the product. The aim of this study was to compare current requirements for stability testing of medicinal products in the Russian Federation and the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU). The study covered stability testing of small-molecule medicines. The paper describes evolution of approaches to stability testing in the Russian Federation. It summarises the main differences in basic requirements for stability testing as stipulated in the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation (Ph.Β Rus.) XIII edition, Ph.Β Rus. XIV edition, and EAEU regulations. The study demonstrated that the Russian Federation lacks regulations containing specific requirements for stability testing performed to support variations to marketing authorisation documentation. The Ph.Β Rus. XIV edition does not specify the extent of stability testing to be performed after switching to another manufacturer of the active ingredient or introduction into operation of a new manufacturing site where the medicinal product will be produced. At the same time, the EAEU regulatory documents contain requirements for stability testing for each type of the most frequent variations to marketing authorisation documentation. The study demonstrated the continuing relevance of bringing the Russian regulations on stability testing in line with those of the EAEU.Π˜Π·ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡ‚Π°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ лСкарствСнных срСдств позволяСт ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎ влиянии Π½Π° ΠΈΡ… качСство Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Π°, свСт, Π²Π»Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€. На основании ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² осущСствляСтся Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€ подходящСй ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡƒΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ, ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ условия хранСния ΠΈ устанавливаСтся срок годности. ЦСль Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ β€” ΡΡ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊ ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ ΡΡ‚Π°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ лСкарствСнных срСдств, Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Π² настоящСС врСмя Π² сфСрС обращСния лСкарствСнных срСдств Π½Π° Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ Российской Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Евразийского экономичСского союза. Анализ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ Π² ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΡ‚Π°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ лСкарствСнных срСдств синтСтичСского происхоТдСния. Π’ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ описана Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΊ ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ ΡΡ‚Π°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ лСкарствСнных срСдств Π² Российской Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ. ΠžΡ‚ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹ основныС отличия Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊ ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ ΡΡ‚Π°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ лСкарствСнных срСдств согласно ГосударствСнной Ρ„Π°Ρ€ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ΅Π΅ Российской Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ XIII ΠΈ XIV ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ Π½ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°ΠΌ Евразийского экономичСского союза. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π», Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π² Российской Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚ΡΡƒΡ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ Π½ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ‹, ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Π½Π°Π²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ трСбования ΠΊ ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ ΡΡ‚Π°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ внСсСнии ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² рСгистрационноС досьС Π½Π° лСкарствСнноС срСдство. Π’Π°ΠΊ, Π² ГосударствСнной Ρ„Π°Ρ€ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ΅Π΅ Российской Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ XIV издания Π½Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ, Π² ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΌ объСмС Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡ‚Π°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅ производитСля фармацСвтичСской субстанции ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ производствСнной ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡ‰Π°Π΄ΠΊΠΈ, Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ планируСтся производство лСкарствСнного срСдства. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ этом Π² Π½ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ… Евразийского экономичСского союза ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Ρ‹ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡ‹Π΅ трСбования ΠΏΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ ΡΡ‚Π°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ для ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π° ΠΈΠ· Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ часто вносимых Π² рСгистрационноС досьС ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ. Для Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ вопроса Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ дальнСйшСС ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² Российской Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π² соотвСтствиС с трСбованиями Евразийского экономичСского союза

    Π‘ΠΏΠ΅Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ‹ Π»Π°Π½Π΄ΡˆΠ°Ρ„Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π° Новосибирска

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    Today, a modern large city can only be imagined with specialised landscape objects. They belong to the group of public facilities, the functional feature of which is formed, as a rule, under the pressure of the city’s cultural, social and historical environment. The presence of such facilities provides a wide range of recreational activities and contributes to the multifaceted development of the personality of visitors. The article presents a methodology developed by the authors for assessing the attractiveness and integration into the urban gardening system of specialised objects of landscape architecture in Novosibirsk. The proposed method makes it possible to determine the popularity of an entity among the population, its accessibility, its performance of the prevailing function, the possibility of social integration of people with disabilities, and the organisation of the landscape on the territory. Five specialised objects of various functional orientations were identified in the structure of Novosibirsk. Among them, parks of communication with nature and protect flora and fauna prevail in number (Central Siberian Botanical Garden, Dendrological Park, Novosibirsk Zoo named after R.A. Shilo). These objects are also the most popular among the residents of the city. The main factor in attracting visitors to such sites is the cognitive function. The historical and architectural open-air museum needs to be better integrated into the system of urban landscaping due to poor awareness of citizens about this object, the lack of developed transport and pedestrian communications and unhindered access for all categories of citizens. The dendrological park needs a reconstruction of the landscape organisation and functional zoning of the territory; for this object, the problem of popularization among the city’s residents is also relevant in the course of the analysis of specialized landscape objects of Novosibirsk, the Central Siberian Botanical Garden, the Central Park, the Novosibirsk Zoo named after N.N. R.A. Awl. However, none of them fully meets all the necessary criteria. Reconstruction of varying degrees is required for each facility, considering social trends and modern processes.На сСгодняшний дСнь соврСмСнный ΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠΏΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π±Π΅Π· систСмы спСциализированных Π»Π°Π½Π΄ΡˆΠ°Ρ„Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ². Они относятся ΠΊ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² общСствСнного назначСния, Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… формируСтся, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ Π΄Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π½ΠΎ-ΡΠΎΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ историчСской срСды Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π°. НаличиС Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² обСспСчиваСт ΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€ Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΡ€Π΅Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ ΠΈ способствуСт ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΡŽ личности посСтитСлСй. Π’ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ приводится разработанная Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ ΠΈ интСгрированности Π² систСму городского озСлСнСния спСциализированных ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² Π»Π°Π½Π΄ΡˆΠ°Ρ„Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ Новосибирска. ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ° позволяСт ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡƒΠ»ΡΡ€Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° Ρƒ насСлСния, Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡƒΠΏΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ, Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π²Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ, возмоТности ΡΠΎΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Π³Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ людСй с ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ возмоТностями, ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ Π»Π°Π½Π΄ΡˆΠ°Ρ„Ρ‚Π° Π½Π° Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ. ВсСго Π² структурС Новосибирска Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΡ‚ΡŒ спСциализированных ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ направлСнности. Π‘Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΈ Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠΎ числСнности ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΏΠ°Ρ€ΠΊΠΈ общСния с ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΎΡ…Ρ€Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ„Π»ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ ΠΈ Ρ„Π°ΡƒΠ½Ρ‹ (Π¦Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ сибирский ботаничСский сад, ДСндрологичСский ΠΏΠ°Ρ€ΠΊ, Новосибирский Π·ΠΎΠΎΠΏΠ°Ρ€ΠΊ ΠΈΠΌ. Π .А. Π¨ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ). Π­Ρ‚ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ‹ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ популярными срСди ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π°. ΠžΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ привлСчСния посСтитСлСй Π½Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°Ρ… становится ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Π²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ функция. Π˜ΡΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΊΠΎ-Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΌΡƒΠ·Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚Ρ‹ΠΌ Π½Π΅Π±ΠΎΠΌ слабо ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Π³Ρ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ Π² систСму городского озСлСнСния вслСдствиС ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡ…ΠΎΠΉ информированности Π³Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΄Π°Π½ ΠΎ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π΅, отсутствия Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹Ρ… транспортных ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡˆΠ΅Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ бСспрСпятствСнного доступа для всСх ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΉ Π³Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΄Π°Π½. ДСндрологичСский ΠΏΠ°Ρ€ΠΊ нуТдаСтся Π² рСконструкции Π»Π°Π½Π΄ΡˆΠ°Ρ„Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π·ΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ, для этого ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° популяризации срСди ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π°. Π’ Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° спСциализированных Π»Π°Π½Π΄ΡˆΠ°Ρ„Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² Новосибирска большСС количСство Π±Π°Π»Π»ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π¦Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ сибирский ботаничСский сад, Π¦Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΠ°Ρ€ΠΊ, Новосибирский Π·ΠΎΠΎΠΏΠ°Ρ€ΠΊ ΠΈΠΌ. Π .А. Π¨ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ. Однако Π½ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ ΠΈΠ· Π½ΠΈΡ… Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ Π½Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ всСм Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡ‹ΠΌ критСриям. ВрСбуСтся рСконструкция Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ стСпСни для ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° с ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ‚Π΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ соврСмСнных процСссов

    Benzothiazinones kill Mycobacterium tuberculosis by blocking arabinan synthesis

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    New drugs are required to counter the tuberculosis (TB) pandemic. Here, we describe the synthesis and characterization of 1,3-benzothiazin-4-ones (BTZs), a new class of antimycobacterial agents that kill Mycobacterium tuberculosis in vitro, ex vivo, and in mouse models of TB. Using genetics and biochemistry, we identified the enzyme decaprenylphosphoryl-beta-d-ribose 2'-epimerase as a major BTZ target. Inhibition of this enzymatic activity abolishes the formation of decaprenylphosphoryl arabinose, a key precursor that is required for the synthesis of the cell-wall arabinans, thus provoking cell lysis and bacterial death. The most advanced compound, BTZ043, is a candidate for inclusion in combination therapies for both drug-sensitive and extensively drug-resistant TB

    Π­ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ-биологичСскиС аспСкты ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ дрСвСсных растСний Π² ΠΎΠ·Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Новосибирска

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    The ecological and biological characteristics of woody plants growing in the most popular squares of the Novosibirsk city (Teatralny, Pervomaisky, and Slavy square) have been investigated. 73 species of woody plants have been recorded. 13 of them are common to three landscape objects. Ornamental garden forms of woody plants are found separately (13 intraspecific forms, hybrids and varieties of woody plants). Some species of molded plants that are not suitable for landscaping public urban space due to their low winter hardiness were recorded. The greatest species diversity is distinguished by the green spaces of the Slavy square. The correlation between the place of growth and the vital state of plants has not been found. Plants on the objects are in satisfactory vital condition. Species in an unsatisfactory condition are found singly. Shrubs (49% of the total) and trees of the first and second sizes (32%) predominate in terms of life forms. The plantations contain species of natural flora of the Novosibirsk region and introduced plants from other geographic regions (27 and 73%, respectively). Among the introduced plants, species with a wide Eurasian type of area prevail. Analysis of the history of the creation and reconstruction of landscape objects showed that the assortment of plants on the territory of Pervomaisky Square has changed to a greater extent, the species composition of plants in the Teatralny Square has changed insignificantly. To form a better spatial structure of landscape objects, we recommend to increase the species and form diversity of plantings by introduction of plants of various life forms and species that have passed introductory tests in local climatic conditions. This will provide the creation of landscapes and landscape compositions of various expressiveness and to form a comfortable environment for the rest of the citizens.Π˜ΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ эколого-биологичСскиС особСнности дрСвСсных растСний, ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Ρ€Π°ΡΡ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Π²Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ популярных сквСрах Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π° Новосибирска (Π’Π΅Π°Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ, ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΎΠΌΠ°ΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ, сквСр Π‘Π»Π°Π²Ρ‹). Зафиксировано 73 Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π° дрСвСсных растСний, ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… 13 ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΠΌΠΈ для Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ… Π»Π°Π½Π΄ΡˆΠ°Ρ„Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ². Π”Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Π΅ садовыС Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΡ‹ дрСвСсных растСний Π²ΡΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎ (13 Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌ, Π³ΠΈΠ±Ρ€ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ сортов дрСвСсных растСний). Π‘Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΈ Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… растСний зафиксированы ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ†Ρ‹, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π½Π΅ подходят для озСлСнСния общСствСнного городского пространства Π² силу своСй Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠΉ зимостойкости. Наибольшим Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΌ Ρ€Π°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΎΡ‚Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π·Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹Π΅ насаТдСния сквСра Π‘Π»Π°Π²Ρ‹. Взаимосвязи ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ мСстом произрастания ΠΈ ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ состояниСм растСний Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ. РастСния Π½Π° ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°Ρ… находятся Π² Ρ…ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈ ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Ρ‚Π²ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ состоянии, экзСмпляры Π² Π½Π΅ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Ρ‚Π²ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌ состоянии Π²ΡΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎ. По ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°ΠΌ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ кустарники (49 % ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ числа) ΠΈ Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΡŒΡ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΎΠΉΠ²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ (32 %). Π’ насаТдСниях ΠΎΡ‚ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ„Π»ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ Новосибирской области ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΡ†ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ растСния ΠΈΠ· Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… гСографичСских Ρ€Π°ΠΉΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² (27 ΠΈ 73% соотвСтствСнно). Π‘Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΡ†ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… растСний ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Ρ‹ с ΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΌ Свроазиатским Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠΌ Π°Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»Π°. Анализ истории создания ΠΈ рСконструкции Π»Π°Π½Π΄ΡˆΠ°Ρ„Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π», Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π² большСй стСпСни измСнился ассортимСнт растСний Π½Π° Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΎΠΌΠ°ΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ сквСра, Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ состав растСний Π’Π΅Π°Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ сквСра измСнился Π½Π΅Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ. Для формирования Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ качСствСнной пространствСнной структуры Π»Π°Π½Π΄ΡˆΠ°Ρ„Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌ ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈ Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ Ρ€Π°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΈΠ΅ насаТдСний ΠΏΡƒΡ‚Π΅ΠΌ привлСчСния растСний Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌ ΠΈ экзСмпляров, ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π΄ΡˆΠΈΡ… ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ испытания Π² мСстных климатичСских условиях. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠΎ Π²Ρ‹Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΠΉΠ·Π°ΠΆΠΈ ΠΈ Π»Π°Π½Π΄ΡˆΠ°Ρ„Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΈ, ΡΡ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ„ΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π½ΡƒΡŽ срСду для ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Ρ‹Ρ…Π° Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠ°Π½

    Relevant Issues of Epidemiological Safety Provision as Regards Natural-Focal Infections during the XXII Olympic and XI Paralympic Winter Games in Sochi

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    The paper contains the data on the morbidity rates as regards natural-focal infectious diseases and results of epizootiological monitoring in the locality of the XXII Olympic and XI Paralympic Winter Games-2014 in Sochi. It is demonstrated that the significant ones in the infectious disease incidence chart are hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, Ixodidae tick-borne borrelioses, pseudotuberculosis, intestinal yersiniosis, leptospiroses, rabies, rickettsiosis, and tularemia. Represented are the data on the peculiarities of a number of regional pathogenic strains. Noted is fact that complex activities, which were carried out by the agencies and institutions of the Rospotrebnadzor, Krasnodar Territory and Sochi resort-town Administration, allowed for the stabilization of the situation on natural-focal infections

    Comparison of Approaches to Stability Testing of Medicines in the Russian Federation and the Eurasian Economic Union

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    Stability testing gives necessary data on the effect of such factors as temperature, light, humidity, etc. on the medicinal product quality. The results of these studies help to select suitable primary and secondary packaging and to determine storage conditions and shelf life for the product. The aim of this study was to compare current requirements for stability testing of medicinal products in the Russian Federation and the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU). The study covered stability testing of small-molecule medicines. The paper describes evolution of approaches to stability testing in the Russian Federation. It summarises the main differences in basic requirements for stability testing as stipulated in the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation (Ph.Β Rus.) XIII edition, Ph.Β Rus. XIV edition, and EAEU regulations. The study demonstrated that the Russian Federation lacks regulations containing specific requirements for stability testing performed to support variations to marketing authorisation documentation. The Ph.Β Rus. XIV edition does not specify the extent of stability testing to be performed after switching to another manufacturer of the active ingredient or introduction into operation of a new manufacturing site where the medicinal product will be produced. At the same time, the EAEU regulatory documents contain requirements for stability testing for each type of the most frequent variations to marketing authorisation documentation. The study demonstrated the continuing relevance of bringing the Russian regulations on stability testing in line with those of the EAEU

    UNIVERSAL METHOD OF DETERMINING BROMIDES IN RAW MATERIALS AND PRODUCTS FORMED IN MAGNESIUM PRODUCTION

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    This article presents a method of determining bromides in substances that also contain significant quantities of chlorine ions. This problem has become particularly important in analyzing magnesium electrolytes (carnallites, bischofite, etc.) Detecting a halide in a substance that consists mainly of other types of compounds is always a challenging analytical problem. The main method used commercially to produce magnesium is the electrolysis of a molten mixture of the nonaqueous chlorides MgCl 2 , KCl, and NaCl. The melt is obtained using dewatered carnallite or bischofite. Manufacturers also use magnesium chloride MgCl 2 obtained either as a product of the chlorination of magnesium oxide MgO or a by-product of titanium production (here, highly pure MgCl 2 is obtained as a result of the reduction of titanium tetrachloride by magnesium). The electrolysis temperature is 700-720Β°C and the process is carried out with graphite anodes and steel cathodes [1]. In practice, the choice of electrolyte is very important. The choice is made on the basis of the melts or solid salts fed into the electrolysis bath and the feed rate, which in turn depends on the concentration of MgCl 2 in the electrolyt

    Hydrogenation of acetic acid over rhenium sulfides

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