Spain as a Reference in Wine Culture

The culture of wine as a traditional drink in the countries of Southern Europe is determined by the geographical, ethnographic, and historical context, at the same time it is associated with national identification. In the case of Spain, wine plays the role of a friendly union, an element of active communication, is a sociocultural behavioral norm. Through the history of wine-making, the key stages of the country’s development can be traced: from ancient settlements to the European Union, variety of backgrounds, traditions and religions, etc. adding to the long history of wine on the territory of today’s Spain. The theme of wine is reflected in the works of famous Spanish philosophers, writers and artists as a stable tradition, a symbol of community, celebration, creativity, at the same time melancholy and sadness, as a typical Spanish dualism of attitude to life. It is noted that wine was not only viewed as a means of recreation, but also a powerful double-edged social factor, both pacifying and disorganizing. Taverns became people’s universities, and cafes with their tertulias became the center of intellectual life. Wine is an important economic component, the vineyard zones cover the whole country, with its main wine-making regions — from Rioja to Jerez — renowned around the world. Hundreds of varieties of wines are produced, which differ in denomination, aging, reputation, and popularity on the world market and with tourists. Spain has a leading position in this area. At present, bars, restaurants, and taverns, as public spaces suitable for big parties and family gatherings alike, have become not only a place of spending one’s pastime, but also a platform for political discussions, a place where certain political forces manipulate their influence, where polar views on the current and future agenda are in confrontation: the globalization of the society and cultural unification, or the preservation of unique customs and traditions. Wine culture is dynamic, it manifests itself in a new form in the younger generation, the latest gender and progressive norms appear, the simple, down-to-earth consumption characteristic of the bar culture displaces the spiritual component. The loss of traditions, including the wine culture, is dangerous for the society. It will have negative consequences for the country, will cause damage to its attractiveness for investors and tourists, and hurt the very image of their motherland the Spanish hold dear. Wine remains an important part of the national heritage, material, and spiritual culture of Spain

Características de la política de inversión regional

Las tendencias actuales en el desarrollo de la economía durante el período de una situación crítica global inesperada causada por el coronavirus y que resulta en la crisis financiera y económica indican que hay una desglobalización mundial acelerada y una transformación integral de la comunidad mundial y ambiente económico. La sociedad moderna destaca el tema de la regionalización de la economía. Esto confirma la relevancia y la importancia del tema de investigación y los temas en discusión, al tiempo que abre nuevas facetas de la formación de los conceptos que describen la seguridad económica de Rusia como miembro de la comunidad mundial. El propósito del documento es analizar la implementación de la política de inversión en la región. El objeto del estudio es la política de inversión regional. El tema del estudio son las características de la política de inversión regional del territorio de Primorsky. El documento utiliza métodos científicos generales de investigación empírica, métodos de conocimiento teórico, métodos y técnicas lógicas generales, así como métodos de análisis de sistemas y métodos estadísticos. El documento proporciona una sistematización de los conceptos de la categoría "política de inversión regional"; Se consideran las opiniones sobre las posiciones actuales de atracción de inversiones de la Federación Rusa y el Territorio Primorsky. Se analizan los criterios, características y elementos constitutivos de una política de inversión regional. Se consideran los factores de potencial de inversión del territorio de Primorsky, y también la dinámica y los volúmenes de inversión en el territorio de Primorsky

Corpus Analysis of Evidential Verbs SAGEN and BEHAUPTEN in Modern German-Language Media Discourse

The semantic and morphological features of the evidential verbs of speech sagen (speak) and behaupten (assert), introducing statements with direct, indirect and fragmentary quotes in the German-language media discourse are discussed in the article. The study is based on the material of the Mannheim Corps of the German Language “COSMAS II”. The empirical material is the newspapers “Die Welt”, “Süddeutsche Zeitung”, and “Tageszeitung”. Attention is paid to one of the components of the category of evidentiality - reported evidentiality, which includes the meanings of ‘quotative’ and ‘hearsay’. A classification of the most significant sources of information is proposed. The results of a comparative analysis of the verbs sagen and behaupten are presented. It is concluded that the verb sagen is the most frequent and neutral verb introducing someone else's speech. The authors note that when transmitting indirect and fragmented citation, sagen usually means ‘individual personal quotative’ based on official and reliable sources. It is proved that the verb behaupten is a marked means of direct, indirect and fragmented quotes. It is emphasized that the verb behaupten is possible as an introductory verb when transmitting the meanings ‘generalized quotation’ and ‘rumors’

Evidential Markers in German Scientific and Popular Science Discourse: Comparative Analysis

The purpose of this article is a comparative analysis of evidential markers in German-language texts of scientific and popular science discourse. The novelty of the study lies in the fact that today there are no scientific works devoted to comparing the means of expressing evidentiality in these types of discourse. Evidence markers contain a link to the source of the information. The researchers note that indicating the source of information increases the degree of reliability of the reported information. One of the main characteristics of scientific and popular science discourse is intertextuality, which is expressed with the help of evidential markers that vary depending on the discourse. The material of the study was 5 texts (299 mentions of the source of information) of scientific and 28 texts (281 mentions of the source of information) of popular science discourse in German, dedicated to the problems of the Arctic. As a result of the study, it was found that statements with evidential meanings “direct evidentiality” and “citation” are more common in scientific discourse than in popular science. At the same time, full citations are less common in scientific texts than in popular science ones. The meaning “rumors” as well as fragmentary quoting are rather rare in both discourses. The lowest frequency was found by the value “inferentiality”, fixed only in the texts of popular science discourse

Forming the ICT competency of future pedagogues under informational-educational environment at University

The article views the opportunities of forming the competency in the sphere of informationalcommunicational technologies (further − ICT competency) of future pedagogues under informational-educational environment at university. The stages of forming the ICT competency are substantiated, as well as tasks and content for each stage, methods and forms used. Special attention is paid to preparing the future pedagogues to organization of the educational process, based on activity approach and use of information-communicational technologies. When forming the ICT competency of future pedagogues, the great role belongs to the informational-educational environment at university, faculty, department and discipline, where the educational process takes place. The university professors must comprehend the need and efficiency of using modern information and pedagogical technologies in educational process, as well as the specificity of organizational forms of working with electronic educational resources. As an example of forming the ICT competency of future pedagogues, the article presents the experience of projecting the content of a discipline “Informational technologies in education” for Bachelors majoring in “Pedagogical education” and a discipline “Informational technologies in professional activity” for the future Masters of Pedagogy. The content of these disciplines was designed by the authors for the students of Nizhniy Novgorod State Pedagogical University named after Kozma Minin.Keywords: ICT competency of a pedagogue, informational-educational environment, professional standard of a pedagogue, project activit

Comparison of REMS, NEWS, qSOFA and SIRS criteria scales for sepsis prediction in patients with diagnosis “SARS-CoV-2, virus unidentified”: a retrospective observational study

Background. Despite ample research on the coronavirus infection sequence and therapy, the incidence of adverse outcomes remains very high. Sepsis stands among the major factors greatly complicating treatment and increasing the risk of death. A timely identification of highrisk sepsis patients is a cornerstone of effective sepsis prevention.Objectives. A comparative prognostic power assessment between the quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (qSOFA) scale, National Early Warning Score (NEWS), Initial Prehospital Rapid Emergency Medicine Score (REMS) and the Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS) criteria for sepsis detection in anaesthetic intensive care patients with a diagnosis: SARS-CoV-2, virus unidentified.Methods. A retrospective observational study included 166 patients over 18-year age with unconfirmed infection (ICD-10 code U07.2). The qSOFA, NEWS, REMS and SIRS point estimates were obtained from each patient. The patients were retrospectively divided in two cohorts by sepsis presence (Sepsis-3 criteria) to determine the express scales power in evaluating the risk of sepsis (estimated as area under ROC curve, AUROC).Results. Data on 102 patients were included in the final analysis. Fifty-eight (57%) patients were terminal, and 55 (54%) developed sepsis. The estimates are as follows: NEWS — AUROC 0.848 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.764–0.912], sensitivity 76.36% [95% CI 63.0–86.8], specificity 82.98% [95% CI 69.2–92.4], optimal cut-off threshold >5 points; qSOFA — AUROC 0.700 [95% CI 0.602–0.787], sensitivity 76.36% [95% CI 63.0–86.8], specificity 61.70% [95% CI 46.4–75.5], optimal cut-off threshold >0 points; REMS — AUROC 0.739 [95% CI 0.643–0.821], sensitivity 69.09% [95% CI 55.2–80.9], specificity 65.96% [95% CI 50.7–79.1], optimal cut-off threshold >5 points; SIRS criteria — AUROC 0.723 [95% CI 0.626–0.807], sensitivity 98.18% [95% CI 90.3–100.0], specificity 31.91% [95% CI 19.1–47.1], optimal cut-off threshold >0 points.Conclusion. The NEWS scale revealed a good prognostic power to estimate the risk of sepsis in patients with suspected COVID-19 disease. The qSOFA, REMS scales and SIRS criteria possess a good calibration capacity, albeit insufficient resolution, which limits their prognostic value

Influence of high-intensity CO2 laser irradiation on collagen matrix composition of normotrophic skin scars (experimental study)

The experiment was carried out in 25 laboratory rats. After modeling of normotrophic cutaneous scars, the procedure of laser dermabrasion with 50 Watt carbon dioxide laser was performed in superpulse mode with impulse-pause ratio of 0,5:100 ms and 500 µm spot diameter. Morphological, immunohistochemical and morphometric examination of skin histological sections were performed. A single exposure to CO2 laser radiation in this mode resulted in the early formation of mainly type III collagen and then type I collagen in ratios approaching to the intact skin.Проведено экспериментальное исследование на 25-ти лабораторных крысах, которым после моделирования нормотрофических кожных рубцов выполняли процедуру лазерной дермабразии излучением углекислого лазера мощностью 50 Вт в суперимпульсном режиме с соотношением импульс – пауза 0,5:100 мс и диаметром пятна 0,5 мм. Проводили морфологическое, иммуногистохимическое морфометрическое исследование гистологических срезов кожи. Установлено, что однократное воздействие излучением Со2 лазера в указанных режимах приводит к образованию в ранние сроки преимущественно коллагена III типа, а затем и коллагена I типа в соотношениях, приближающихся к показателям интактной кожи

Сравнение адсорбционных свойств оксида цинка и шунгита в связи с их действием в качестве активаторов серной вулканизации

Determination of the adsorption characteristics of zinc oxide and shungite with respect to benzene vapor adsorption was carried out by the BET method. The specific surface area was calculated, the curves of pore volumes distribution according to their size were constructed. The possibility of using shungite as an activator of sulfur vulcanization of butadiene-nitrile rubbers was shown.Проведено определение адсорбционных характеристик оксида цинка и шунгита по адсорбции паров бензола методом БЭТ. Рассчитаны удельные поверхности, построены кривые распределения объемов пор по их размерам. Показана возможность применения шунгита в качестве активатора серной вулканизации бутадиен-нитрильных каучуко