538 research outputs found
Focused Crossed Andreev Reflection
We consider non-local transport in a system with one superconducting and two
normal metal terminals. Electron focusing by weak perpendicular magnetic fields
is shown to tune the ratio between crossed Andreev reflection (CAR) and
electron transfer (ET) in the non-local current response. Additionally,
electron focusing facilitates non-local signals between normal metal contacts
where the separation is as large as the mean free path rather than being
limited by the coherence length of the superconductor. CAR and ET can be
selectively enhanced by modulating the magnetic field
Loss of Andreev Backscattering in Superconducting Quantum Point Contacts
We study effects of magnetic field on the energy spectrum in a
superconducting quantum point contact. The supercurrent induced by the magnetic
field leads to intermode transitions between the electron waves that pass and
do not pass through the constriction. The latter experience normal reflections
which couple the states with opposite momenta inside the quantum channel and
create a minigap in the energy spectrum that depends on the magnetic field
Tunable space-time crystal in room-temperature magnetodielectrics
We report the experimental realization of a space-time crystal with tunable
periodicity in time and space in the magnon Bose-Einstein Condensate (BEC),
formed in a room-temperature Yttrium Iron Garnet (YIG) film by radio-frequency
space-homogeneous magnetic field. The magnon BEC is prepared to have a well
defined frequency and non-zero wavevector. We demonstrate how the crystalline
"density" as well as the time and space textures of the resulting crystal may
be tuned by varying the experimental parameters: external static magnetic
field, temperature, thickness of the YIG film and power of the radio-frequency
field. The proposed space-time crystals provide a new dimension for exploring
dynamical phases of matter and can serve as a model nonlinear Floquet system,
that brings in touch the rich fields of classical nonlinear waves, magnonics
and periodically driven systems
ΠΠ½Π³Π»ΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΌΡ ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°
This paper deals with such layer of English vocabulary as neologisms. It defines the concept of neologisms, the main reasons for the emergence of new words, and indicates the sources in which they are contained, e.g. Cambridge Dictionary, Oxford English Dictionary, Macmillan Dictionary and Merriam-Webster Dictionary. The paper offers the detailed classification of neologisms based on the method of their formation and describes their features giving several examples for each type, e.g. phonological neologisms, borrowings and morphological neologisms, which are formed by affixation, composition, conversion and contraction. In addition, it draws attention to the problem of translating neologisms and the authors list various techniques of translating them, e.g. transcription, transliteration, calquing, and descriptive translation, each of which being characterized and accompanied by an example taken from one of the above sources. The paper is of great help and interest to students of philology, linguistics and other language specialties, novice and practicing translators, and anyone interested in languages and following their development.Π Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡ Π°Π½Π³Π»ΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡ. ΠΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ, ΡΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ², ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΡΡ, Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ, ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠ½Π»Π°ΠΉΠ½-ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Cambridge Dictionary, Oxford English Dictionary, Macmillan Dictionary ΠΈ Merriam-Webster Dictionary. Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠ², ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Π°Ρ Π½Π° ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅ ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠΈΠΏΡ Π΄Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ°, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠΉ ΡΠΈΠΏ Π΄Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ², Π° ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡ, Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅, Π² ΡΠ²ΠΎΡ ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Ρ, ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΡΡΠΌ Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ, ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Π² Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠ², ΠΈ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΌΡ ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°, Π° ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΏΡΠΈΡ, ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ, ΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠΊΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄, ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠΉ ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ, Π²Π·ΡΡΡΠΌ ΠΈΠ· ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ· Π²ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ². ΠΠ°Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡ Π±ΡΠ΄Π΅Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½Π° ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π° ΡΡΡΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠ°ΠΌ ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈ Π»ΠΈΠ½Π³Π²ΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠ°ΠΌ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ·ΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ, Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌ, ΠΊΡΠΎ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ·ΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ Π·Π° ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ
ΠΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π°ΡΠΈ ΠΊΠ²Π°Π·ΠΈ-ΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΊΠ²Π°Π·ΠΈ-Π°Π½ΡΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°Ρ Π½Π° ΡΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ·ΡΠΊ ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π° ΠΠΆ. Π . Π . Π’ΠΎΠ»ΠΊΠΈΠ½Π° Β«ΠΠ»Π°ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΠ½ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΒ»
This article deals with the research in the field of quasi-realia of Β«The Lord of the RingsΒ», an epic novel created by the famous English writer, translator, linguist and philologist, John Ronald Reuel Tolkien. This article is devoted to the problem of analyzing different techniques of rendering two groups of onymic vocabulary β quasi-toponyms and quasi-anthroponyms. Taking five translations of the epic novel Β«The Lord of the RingsΒ» by J.R.R. Tolkien made by V.S. Muravyov and A.A. Kistyakovsky; A.A. Gruzberg; Z.A. Bobyr; V.E. Volkovsky, V. VosedΠΎy (pen-name of V.G. Tikhomirov) and D. Afinogenov (pen-name of K.M. Korolev); and V.V. Karrik and M.V. Kamenkovich, the most frequently used techniques of rendering quasi-toponyms and quasi-anthroponyms are identified, according to the classification of realias compiled by Bulgarian researchers S. Vlakhov and S. Florin. The article also shows the frequency of using certain techniques and identifies general tendencies and differences among the five above-mentioned translations regarding using the techniques of rendering quasi-anthroponyms and quasi-toponyms.ΠΠ°Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΊΠ²Π°Π·ΠΈΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π°-ΡΠΏΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΠΈ βΠΠ»Π°ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΠ½ ΠΠΎΠ»Π΅Ρβ, ΠΎΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π² ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅ ΠΏΡΡΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΡΡΡΡ
Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π΄Π²Π°Π΄ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Π΅ΠΊΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π³Π»ΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ, ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΈΠΊΠ°, Π»ΠΈΠ½Π³Π²ΠΈΡΡΠ° ΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³Π° ΠΠΆΠΎΠ½Π° Π ΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ΄Π° Π ΡΡΠ»Π° Π’ΠΎΠ»ΠΊΠΈΠ½Π°. Π‘ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π°ΡΠΈ Π½Π° ΡΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ·ΡΠΊ Π΄Π²ΡΡ
Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ: ΠΊΠ²Π°Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΊΠ²Π°Π·ΠΈΠ°Π½ΡΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ². ΠΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π΅ ΠΏΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π°-ΡΠΏΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΠΈ ΠΠΆ.Π .Π . Π’ΠΎΠ»ΠΊΠΈΠ½Π° Β«ΠΠ»Π°ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΠ½ ΠΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΒ», Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π.Π‘. ΠΡΡΠ°Π²ΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠΌ ΠΈ Π.Π. ΠΠΈΡΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ, A.Π. ΠΡΡΠ·Π±Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΎΠΌ, Π.Π. ΠΠΎΠ±ΡΡΡ, Π.Π. ΠΠΎΠ»ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΈ Π. ΠΠΎΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠΌ (ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌ Π.Π. Π’ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°) ΠΈ Π. ΠΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΌ (ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌ Π.Π. ΠΠΎΡΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°), Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π. ΠΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ Π. ΠΠ°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ. Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π°ΡΠΈ ΠΊΠ²Π°Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΊΠ²Π°Π·ΠΈΠ°Π½ΡΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π°ΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠΉ, ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π³Π°ΡΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈ Π‘. ΠΠ»Π°Ρ
ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΌ ΠΈ Π‘. Π€Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΌ. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π² ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡ
ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈ ΠΏΡΡΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΠΎΠΌΡΠ½ΡΡΡΡ
ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π°ΡΠΈ ΠΊΠ²Π°Π·ΠΈΠ°Π½ΡΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΊΠ²Π°Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ²
Long-distance supercurrent transport in a room-temperature Bose-Einstein magnon condensate
The term supercurrent relates to a macroscopic dissipation-free collective
motion of a quantum condensate and is commonly associated with such famous
low-temperature phenomena as superconductivity and superfluidity. Another type
of motion of quantum condensates is second sound - a wave of the density of a
condensate. Recently, we reported on an enhanced decay of a parametrically
induced Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) of magnons caused by a supercurrent
outflow of the BEC phase from the locally heated area of a room temperature
magnetic film. Here, we present the direct experimental observation of a
long-distance spin transport in such a system. The condensed magnons being
pushed out from the potential well within the heated area form a density wave,
which propagates through the BEC many hundreds of micrometers in the form of a
specific second sound pulse - Bogoliubov waves - and is reflected from the
sample edge. The discovery of the long distance supercurrent transport in the
magnon BEC further advances the frontier of the physics of quasiparticles and
allows for the application of related transport phenomena for low-loss data
transfer in perspective magnon spintronics devices
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