The Creative Cell of Gender Tapata nilai

The songs of the association are a documentary that reveals the life of Tamils. This description illustrates the crisis of woman's place in ritualistic life two thousand years ago. The Tamil community classifies a woman who has lost her husband into three stages. These days, the community has subtly defined the functioning of the women of the association. The community has urged women to continue to adopt the strict Kaim-ink that women who have lost their husbands must adhere to. Itchier explores the nature of the feminine creation of their thinking. It also clarifies how the masculine record is recorded and the difference between the creators in gender based texting and the disappearance of the mother

A Study on Incidence and Etiology of Ventilator Associated Pneumonia

INTRODUCTION: Pneumonia is the second most common nosocomial infection in critically , affecting 27% of all critically ill patients. Pneumonia is defined as Nosocomial when it occurs more than 48 hours after the patient’s admission to the hospital and when it was not in incubation at the time of hospitalisation. Ventilator Associated Pneumonia (VAP) is a subset of pneumonia and the term refers to nosocomial pneumonia in a patient on mechanical ventilatory support (by endotracheal tube or tracheostomy) for greater than or equal to 48 hours. Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) continues to be a major threat to patients admitted in intensive care units (ICU) and receiving mechanical ventilation (MV). Eighty-six percent of nosocomial pneumonias are associated with mechanical ventilation and are termed ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). A VAP arising 48 to 96 hours after tracheal intubation usually is called “early-onset VAP”, and the one that occurs after this period as the “late-onset VAP” .Generally, early-onset VAP has a better prognosis and is more likely to be caused by aspiration of antibiotic-sensitive bacteria colonizing the oropharynx. Late-onset VAP may be caused by more unusual or multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens and is associated with greater morbidity and mortality. Endotracheal intubation has been identified as a risk factor for developing VAP.Critically ill patients who are intubated for more than 24 hours were found to be at 6 to 21 times higher risk of developing ventilator-associated pneumonia and those patients intubated for less than 24 hours are at 3 times the risk of VAP , compared to non-intubated patients. Other risk factors for VAP include decreased level of consciousness, gastric distention, and presence of gastric or small intestine tubes, trauma, or COPD. VAP is reported to occur at rates of 10 to 35 cases / 1000 ventilator days, depending on the clinical situation. Aspiration of oral and /or gastric fluids is recognized to be an essential step in the development of VAP. Pulmonary aspiration is increased by supine positioning and pooling of secretions above the ET tube cuff. Estimates of attributable mortality are variable,but increased duration of ventilation is a consistent finding, along with the corresponding increase in hospital days and cost. A major component of the problem is the ineffectiveness of therapy once VAP is diagnosed. Brun-Buisson et al have demonstrated failure rates of 49 to 62% despite the use of standard antibiotic combinations. Given the burden of VAP, both physical and financial, and the difficulties in treatment, prevention strategies would appear to be of paramount importance. In this study incidence, etiology-the profile of the organisms, percentage of EOP/LOP, underlying risk factors and their added morbidity & mortality were analysed. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: 1. To study the incidence and aetiology of VAP. 2. To analyse the underlying risk factors for VAP. 3. To study the percentage of early and late onset pneumonia in these patients. 4. To study the morbidity and mortality attributed by VAP. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Study Population: A total of 50 patients satisfying all inclusion & exclusion criteria were included for the study from the population of patients who underwent mechanical ventilation in our medical intensive care unit & toxicology. Written consent was obtained from all patients attenders in the study after clearly explaining the study procedure .The patients were visited on day 3 of mechanical ventilation for diagnosis of VAP according to the clinical criteria and also on day 7 for classifying into EOP & LOP. Study Setting: Patients admitted in IMCU and toxicology underwent ventilation > 48 hrs in MMC Government General Hospital. Collaboration Department: IMCU & Toxicology, Microbiology dept. Study Duration: The study was conducted for a period from January 2008 to June 2009. Study Design: Cross sectional study to evaluate the incidence of ventilation associated pneumonia and also the percentage of EOP & LOP. INCLUSION CRITERIA: Patients who were admitted and underwent mechanical ventilation for 48 hrs in medical intensive care and toxicology unit age > 12 yrs. Exclusion Criteria: • Age < 12 yrs. • Patients who have got lower respiratory tract infection on admission: Pulmonary tuberculosis, COPD, ARDS, Bronchial asthmatics. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Patients who were admitted in IMCU & toxicology had underwent mechanical ventilation for 48 hrs were visited and the clinical criteria was applied to diagnose VAP. Those patients who developed new and persistent infiltrates on CXR after 48 hrs of mechanical ventilation and developing fever > 38.3, purulent tracheoseophageal aspirate and with total leukocyte count > 10000. CONCLUSION: 1. Method of intubation emergency or elective did not change the incidence of VAP. 2. The incidence of VAP increases with the duration of mechanical ventilation. 3. Aspiration is major precipitating factor for developing VAP. 4. High incidence of MDR organisms in patients with VAP unlike in community acquired pneumonia. 5. Diabetes is one of the major risk factor to develop VAP. 6. Duration of stay in ICU patients with VAP very much pronged unlike in N- VAP

ADAPTOGENIC ACTIVE COMPONENT FROM MYXOPYRUM SMILACIFOLIUM

Objective: The present study was designed to investigate the adaptogenic active component from the extracts of Myxopyrum smilacifolium.Methods: The plant extract was undergone different separation technique viz precloumn, HPTLC, etc for isolation of pure compound. Thereafter the pure compound was subjected to IR, NMR, LC-MS for structural elucidation.Results: Chemical characterization of the adaptogenic fraction by spectroscopy showed iridoid glycoside as major constituents.Conclusion: The present study showed iridoid glycoside is considered the adaptogenic agents of Myxopyrum smilacifolium Blume

Further records of rare brachyuran crab Eucrate indica (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura Euryplacidae) along the Chennai coast, Tamil Nadu, India

This study reports further occurrence of the crab Eucrate indica (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Euryplacidae) along the Chennai coast, Tamil Nadu, India. The crabs were obtained from a depth of 40-60 m in the trawl by-catch. The morphological features, color and distribution of these crabs are given

New lysosomal acid lipase gene mutants explain the phenotype of Wolman disease and cholesteryl ester storage disease.

Deficiency of lysosomal acid lipase (LAL) leads to either Wolman disease(WD) or the more benign cholesteryl ester storage disease (CESD). To identifythe molecular basis of the different phenotypes we have characterised the LALgene mutations in three new patients with LAL deficiency. A patient with WD washomozygote for a null allele Y303X. The other two patients, with CESD, presentedeither homozygosity for T267I or compound heterozygosity consisting of Q64R andan exon 8 donor splice site substitution (G→A in position–1). The mutants T267I and Q64R and the previously reported L273S, G66V,and H274Y CESD substitutions, overexpressed in stable clones, were found to befully glycosylated and show an enzymatic activity of 3–8% of that ofnormal LAL. On the other hand, the Δ254–277 mutant proteinderived from exon 8 skipping and the Y303X protein were totally inactive. Bytransient transfection of hybrid minigene constructs, the CESD G→A(–1) substitution resulted in partial exon inclusion, thus allowing theproduction of a small amount of normal LAL mRNA and hence of a functionalenzyme. In contrast, a G→Asubstitution observed in WD at position +1 of the same exon 8 donor siteresulted in complete exon skipping and the sole production of an inactiveΔ254–277 protein.In conclusion,LAL genotypes determine the level of residual enzymatic activity, thusexplaining the severity of the phenotype.—Pagani, F., R. Pariyarath, R.Garcia, C. Stuani, A. B. Burlina, G. Ruotolo, M. Rabusin, and F. E. Baralle. Newlysosomal acid lipase gene mutants explain the phenotype of Wolman disease andcholesteryl ester storage disease. J. Lipid Res. 1998. 39:1382–1388

Deep learning-based image captioning for visually impaired people

Vision loss can affect people of all ages. Severe or complete vision loss may occur when the eye or brain parts that need to process images are damaged. In this paper, in order to facilitate the blind, deep learning algorithms are used to caption the image for the blind person in which the blind can know about the object, distance and position of object. Whenever an image is captured via the camera, the scenes are recognized and predicted by the machine. After the prediction, it will be sent as an audio output to the user. Thus, with the help of this paper an artificial vision to the blind, can be achieved and help them to gain confidence while travelling alone

Laboratory Information Management Software for genotyping workflows: Applications in high throughput crop genotyping

Background With the advances in DNA sequencer-based technologies, it has become possible to automate several steps of the genotyping process leading to increased throughput. To efficiently handle the large amounts of genotypic data generated and help with quality control, there is a strong need for a software system that can help with the tracking of samples and capture and management of data at different steps of the process. Such systems, while serving to manage the workflow precisely, also encourage good laboratory practice by standardizing protocols, recording and annotating data from every step of the workflow. Results A laboratory information management system (LIMS) has been designed and implemented at the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) that meets the requirements of a moderately high throughput molecular genotyping facility. The application is designed as modules and is simple to learn and use. The application leads the user through each step of the process from starting an experiment to the storing of output data from the genotype detection step with auto-binning of alleles; thus ensuring that every DNA sample is handled in an identical manner and all the necessary data are captured. The application keeps track of DNA samples and generated data. Data entry into the system is through the use of forms for file uploads. The LIMS provides functions to trace back to the electrophoresis gel files or sample source for any genotypic data and for repeating experiments. The LIMS is being presently used for the capture of high throughput SSR (simple-sequence repeat) genotyping data from the legume (chickpea, groundnut and pigeonpea) and cereal (sorghum and millets) crops of importance in the semi-arid tropics. Conclusion A laboratory information management system is available that has been found useful in the management of microsatellite genotype data in a moderately high throughput genotyping laboratory. The application with source code is freely available for academic users and can be downloaded from http://www.icrisat.org/gt-bt/lims/lims.asp

Gravitational Waves From Known Pulsars: Results From The Initial Detector Era

We present the results of searches for gravitational waves from a large selection of pulsars using data from the most recent science runs (S6, VSR2 and VSR4) of the initial generation of interferometric gravitational wave detectors LIGO (Laser Interferometric Gravitational-wave Observatory) and Virgo. We do not see evidence for gravitational wave emission from any of the targeted sources but produce upper limits on the emission amplitude. We highlight the results from seven young pulsars with large spin-down luminosities. We reach within a factor of five of the canonical spin-down limit for all seven of these, whilst for the Crab and Vela pulsars we further surpass their spin-down limits. We present new or updated limits for 172 other pulsars (including both young and millisecond pulsars). Now that the detectors are undergoing major upgrades, and, for completeness, we bring together all of the most up-to-date results from all pulsars searched for during the operations of the first-generation LIGO, Virgo and GEO600 detectors. This gives a total of 195 pulsars including the most recent results described in this paper.United States National Science FoundationScience and Technology Facilities Council of the United KingdomMax-Planck-SocietyState of Niedersachsen/GermanyAustralian Research CouncilInternational Science Linkages program of the Commonwealth of AustraliaCouncil of Scientific and Industrial Research of IndiaIstituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare of ItalySpanish Ministerio de Economia y CompetitividadConselleria d'Economia Hisenda i Innovacio of the Govern de les Illes BalearsNetherlands Organisation for Scientific ResearchPolish Ministry of Science and Higher EducationFOCUS Programme of Foundation for Polish ScienceRoyal SocietyScottish Funding CouncilScottish Universities Physics AllianceNational Aeronautics and Space AdministrationOTKA of HungaryLyon Institute of Origins (LIO)National Research Foundation of KoreaIndustry CanadaProvince of Ontario through the Ministry of Economic Development and InnovationNational Science and Engineering Research Council CanadaCarnegie TrustLeverhulme TrustDavid and Lucile Packard FoundationResearch CorporationAlfred P. Sloan FoundationAstronom