МОТИВАЦІЙНІ АСПЕКТИ ПСИХОЕМОЦІЙНОГО СТАНУ ЖІНОК ПІД ЧАС ВАГІТНОСТІ. АНАЛІЗ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИК ГЕСТАЦІЙНОЇ ДОМІНАНТИ У КОНТЕКСТІ ТРИВОЖНОСТІ

The aim of the study – to analyze gestational dominant within the framework of anxiety based on estimation of psychoemotional state of pregnant women.Materials and Methods. 336 pregnant women were examined in ІІ and ІІІ trimesters (26.29 ± 0.55 week). Individual and psychological features of pregnant women and their psychoemotional state were studied using the complex of psychodiagnostic methods: Personality Questionnaire of Bekhterev University, Spielberger-Hanin scale, Pregnant Woman Attitude Test of I.V. Dobryakov. Variation and statistical processing of results was performed with STATISTICA 6.0 analysis programs.Results and Discussion. Results of estimation of trait anxiety (TA) permit to determine that its level of 330 (98.21 %) pregnant women exceeds the bounds of low indices. Also such results are typical for state anxiety (SA) where medium and high indices are determined in 256 pregnant women that made 76.19 %. Optimal variant of psychological component of gestational dominant (PCGD) is determined in 41 (12.20 %) pregnant women and euphoric one – in 3 (0.89 %) pregnant women. Prevalence of points in favour of certain type of PCGD (type which deviates from the optimal variant) was not determined in 292 pregnant women that made 86.91 %. Analysis of characteristics of gestational dominant within framework of anxiety has shown that indicator of points (which characterizes optimal type and is estimated with consideration of SА level) was statistically proved (р < 0.05) and lower in pregnant women with high SA level (4.10 ± 0.60 points) comparing to appropriate index of pregnant women with both medium (4.68 ± 0.22 points) and lower (4.94 ± 0.36 points) levels.Conclusions. Estimation of psychological component of gestational dominant permitted to determine the fact that its optimal variant occurred only in 12.20 % of pregnant women. Prevalence of points in favour of certain type was not determined in majority of pregnant women (86.91 %). Analysis of characteristics of gestational dominant within framework of anxiety showed that index of points which characterizes optimal type and is estimated with consideration of SA level was statistically proved (р < 0.05) and lower in pregnant women with high SA level comparing to appropriate index of pregnant women with both medium and low level of SA. Цель исследования – на основании оценки психоэмоционального состояния беременных, провести анализ характеристик гестационной доминанты в контексте тревожности.Материалы и методы. Обследовано 336 беременных во II и III триместрах ((26,29±0,55) недели). Индивидуально-психологические особенности беременных и их психоэмоциональное состояние исследовали с использованием комплекса психодиагностических методов, таких как: личностный опросник Бехтеревском института, шкала Спилбергера – Ханина, тест отношений беременной И. В. Добрякова. Вариационно-статистическая обработка результатов осуществлялась с использованием программ анализа «STATISTICA 6.0».Результаты исследования и их обсуждение. Результаты оценки личностной тревожности (ЛТ) позволили установить, что у 330 (98,21 %) беременных ее уровень выходит за пределы низких показателей. Такие результаты характерны и для ситуативной тревожности (СТ), где средние и высокие показатели установлены у 256 беременных, что составило 76,19 %. Оптимальный вариант психологического компонента гестационной доминанты (ПКГД) установлен лишь у 41 (12,20 %) беременной, а эйфорический – у 3 (0,89 %). У 292 беременных, что составило 86,91 %, не установлено преобладание баллов в пользу конкретного типа ПКГД (отклоняющийся от оптимального). Анализ характеристик гестационной доминанты в контексте тревожности показал, что показатель баллов, характеризующий оптимальный тип и оценен с учетом уровня СТ, был статистически достоверно (р<0,05) ниже у беременных с высоким ее уровнем ((4,10±0,60) балла ) по сравнению с соответствующим показателем беременных, как со средним ((4,68±0,22) балла), так и низким ее уровнем ((4,94±0,36) балла).Выводы. Оценка психологического компонента гестационной доминанты позволила установить, что его оптимальный вариант имел место лишь у 12,20 % беременных, а у большинства беременных (86,91 %) не установлено преобладание баллов в пользу конкретного типа. Анализ характеристик гестационной доминанты в контексте тревожности показал, что показатель баллов, характеризующий оптимальный тип и оценен с учетом уровня СТ, был статистически достоверно (р<0,05) ниже у беременных с высоким уровнем СТ по сравнению с соответствующим показателем беременных, как со средним, так и с низким ее уровнем.Мета дослідження: на підставі оцінки психоемоційного стану вагітних, провести аналіз характеристик гестаційної домінанти у контексті тривожності.Контингент обстежених і методи дослідження. Обстежено 336 вагітних у ІІ та ІІІ триместрах (26,29 ± 0,55 тижні). Індивідуально-психологічні особливості вагітних та їх психоемоційний стан досліджували з використанням комплексу психодіагностичних методів: особистісний опитувальник Бехтерєвського інституту, шкала Спілбергера – Ханіна, тест відносин вагітної І.В. Добрякова. Варіаційно-статистична обробка результатів здійснювалась з використанням програм аналізу “STATISTICA6.0”.Результати досліджень та їх обговорення. Результати оцінки особистісної тривожності (ОТ) дозволили встановити, що у 330 (98,21 %) вагітних її рівень виходить за межі низьких показників. Такі результати характерні і для ситуативної тривожності (СТ), де середні та високі показники встановлені у 256 вагітних, що склало 76,19 %. Оптимальний варіант психологічного компоненту гестаційної домінанти (ПКГД) встановлений лише у 41 (12,20 %) вагітної, а ейфорійний – у 3 (0,89 %). У 292 вагітних, що склало 86,91 %, не встановлено переважання балів на користь конкретного типу ПКГД (тип, який відхилдяється від оптимального). Аналіз характеристик гестаційної домінанти в контексті тривожності показав, що показник балів, який характеризує оптимальний тип та оцінений з урахуванням рівня СТ, був статистично достовірно (р < 0,05) нижчим у вагітних з високим рівнем СТ (4,10 ± 0,60 бали) у порівнянні з відповідним показником вагітних, як з середнім (4,68 ± 0,22 бали), так і низьким її рівнем (4,94 ± 0,36 бали).Висновки. На підставі оцінки психологічного компоненту гестаційної домінанти встановлено, що його оптимальний варіант мав місце лише у 12,20 % вагітних. У більшості вагітних (86,91 %) не встановлено переважання балів на користь конкретного типу. Аналіз характеристик гестаційної домінанти в контексті тривожності показав, що показник балів, який характеризує оптимальний тип та оцінений з урахуванням рівня СТ, був статистично достовірно (р < 0,05) нижчим у вагітних з високим рівнем СТ у порівнянні з відповідним показником вагітних, як з середнім, так і низьким її рівнем.

Biphasic pulses enhance bleomycin efficacy in a spontaneous canine genital tumor model of chemoresistance: Sticker sarcoma

Sticker's sarcoma (also known as transmissible venereal tumor) is a horizontally transmitted neoplasm of the dog, that is passed with coitus. It is a locally aggressive tumor with a low tendency to metastatic spread. The most common locations are the genitals, the nose, the perianal area. Standard treatment consists with chemotherapy with vincristine, however other therapies such as, cryotherapy, immunotherapy or, in selected cases, radiation therapy, have been reported. In this article we describe the outcome of a small cohort of canine patients, with chemotherapy resistant transmissible venereal tumor (TVT), treated with bleomycin selectively driven by trains of biphasic pulses (electrochemotherapy). Three canine patients, with refractory TVT, entered the study and received two sessions of ECT under sedation. The pets had local injection of bleomycin at the concentration of 1.5 mg/ml and five minutes after the chemotherapy, trains of 8 biphasic electric pulses lasting 50 + 50 μs each, with 1 ms interpulse intervals, were delivered by means of modified caliper or, for difficult districts, through paired needle electrode. All the patients responded to the treatment and are still in remission at different times. Electrochemotherapy appears as a safe and efficacious modality for the treatment of TVT and warrants further investigations

Electroporation increases antitumoral efficacy of the bcl-2 antisense G3139 and chemotherapy in a human melanoma xenograft

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Nucleic acids designed to modulate the expression of target proteins remain a promising therapeutic strategy in several diseases, including cancer. However, clinical success is limited by the lack of efficient intracellular delivery. In this study we evaluated whether electroporation could increase the delivery of antisense oligodeoxynucleotides against bcl-2 (G3139) as well as the efficacy of combination chemotherapy in human melanoma xenografts.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Melanoma-bearing nude mice were treated i.v. with G3139 and/or cisplatin (DDP) followed by the application of trains of electric pulses to tumors. Western blot, immunohistochemistry and real-time PCR were performed to analyze protein and mRNA expression. The effect of electroporation on muscles was determined by histology, while tumor apoptosis and the proliferation index were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Antisense oligodeoxynucleotides tumor accumulation was measured by FACS and confocal microscopy.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The G3139/Electroporation combined therapy produced a significant inhibition of tumor growth (TWI, more than 50%) accompanied by a marked tumor re-growth delay (TRD, about 20 days). The efficacy of this treatment was due to the higher G3139 uptake in tumor cells which led to a marked down-regulation of bcl-2 protein expression. Moreover, the G3139/EP combination treatment resulted in an enhanced apoptotic index and a decreased proliferation rate of tumors. Finally, an increased tumor response was observed after treatment with the triple combination G3139/DDP/EP, showing a TWI of about 75% and TRD of 30 days.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>These results demonstrate that electroporation is an effective strategy to improve the delivery of antisense oligodeoxynucleotides within tumor cells <it>in vivo </it>and it may be instrumental in optimizing the response of melanoma to chemotherapy. The high response rate observed in this study suggest to apply this strategy for the treatment of melanoma patients.</p

A Comparison of Different Methods for Fissure Caries Detection

The aim of the study is to compare the diagnostic capabilities of three different diagnostic methods: Quantitative Laser Fluorescence (QLF) − DIAGNOdent Classic (DD), Light-Induced Fluorescence (LIF) − SoproLife daylight and blue fluorescence, and their relevance to ICDAS II system in detection of fissure caries lesions in permanent molars. Permanent molars (n = 45) are divided in two groups: 1) third molars, n = 35; 2) first and second molars, n = 10. They are examined by 2 examiners with and without magnification x5 using ICDAS II, SoproLife “day light” and “blue light” (405nm), LIF, DIAGNOdent Classic − emitting laser light on 655nm, QLF. The results are proven with histological bucco-lingual or mesio-distal sections through the body of the lesion with diamond blade rinsed with water. Photos of all occlusal surfaces of the molars are taken before and after the sections. The lowest overdiagnosis rate is found with SoproLife camera. When visual examination is applied overdiagnoses are fewer than with DD. DD is not capable to differentiate white and brown spots from a caries lesion. Soprolife is not capable to differentiate brown spots from a caries lesion. The most accurate method in this in vitro study for diagnosis of fissure caries is LIF (SoproLife) − 75.6% of the teeth are correctly diagnosed, followed by ICDAS (57.8%) and QLF (DIAGNOdent) (40%)

Effect of Alcohol to Oral Health

According to the World Health Organization there are almost two billion people worldwide who consume alcohol on a regular basis. It’s a common abuse and almost 80 million are diagnozed with “alcohol abuse disorders” (WHO 2002, 2004). Excessive alcohol consumption is related to more than 60 different medical conditions, as suicide, homicide and different forms of accidents. Some conditions are acute, while other conditions such as liver cirrhosis, chronic pancreatitis, haemorrhagic stroke and various forms of cancer, are chronic consequences. Non-carious destructions of teeth like dental erosion are also associated with frequent alcohol consumption, because of precipitation of salivary proline-rich proteins caused by polyphenols present in most alcoholic drinks. The high concentration of organic and inorganic acids and the habit of keeping the alcoholic drink in the mouth can cause chronic inflammations of the soft tissues in the mouth and can increase the negative side effects from metals of crowns, bridges, orthodontic devises and various restorations. A literature review has been made due to the authors clinical observations and experiences

Frequency of Iatrogenic Changes Caused from Overhang Restorations

Overhangs from different restorations are an iatrogenic error with different results, short and long term consequences related to bone changes and periodontal diseases. Amalgam “tattoos”, idiopathic subgingival hypertrophy, marginal periodontitis and bone reductions in the intradental septum are major problems. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the frequency of traumatic restorations in distal teeth and clinical criteria, related to the x-ray findings. Evaluating criteria, for repairing the overhangs or for replacement of the restorations, is also a goal. Three hundred and sixteen - 316 patients from both sexes, 632 dental x-rays with 948 distal teeth and 632 restorations, at least two radiographs for each patient, were analyzed. Overhangs are classified in three groups: small, middle and large. In the criteria bone changes from the overhangs are analyzed separately from the existing or nonexisting bone changes from a generalized periodontal diseases. The frequency of iatrogenic changes in this cohort group is 10.6% from 632 restored teeth. This is a relatively small number compared with the other published studies. These overhangs are on distal teeth in sound teeth arches which makes them difficult for corrections. The evaluated criteria for replacement based on x-ray findings and clinical experience includes: operative and nonoperative corrections, restoration replacement, perio- and endo-therapy and follow up terms for secondary caries

A Study on Fracture Resistance of Class IV Cavities Treated with Pins

Тhе use of pins in restoration of large cavities with esthetic resin materials appear in the dental literature after 1970 and there are less than 20 publications, focused around restorations of class IV cavities. The aim of the present study is to test the role of pins in the fracture resistance in class IV restorations with resin materials. Materials and methods: 68 matured human upper and lower sound front teeth are included in the study. The groups are upper incisors, lower incisors, canines with or without pins. All cavities are filled with the same resin material, technology and Prime bond NT. Termocycling: 30 days in 30ºС, 100% humidity, 60 days in 100% humidity 2Х12 hours at 35ºС and 40ºС and 100 dry cycles, 20 seconds each in the following order - 45ºС ± 3ºС, room temperature, 5ºС, room temperature, two series, 50 each with two days between in Cultura incubator of Viva Dent 55ºС and ice. Machine for vertical load testing ZD 10/90, load in Newtons (N), from 20 N to 1275 N, speed 0.5 mm/ min, displacement from 0.1 to 1.2 mm. Type of fractures observed: adhesive, cohesive in dentine and in resin material, mixed. Results: The highest proportion of fractures observed was in front teeth with large cavities and with pins, low loading (493-503N). Front teeth with large cavities without pins have better resistance and lower proportion of fractures (488-526N). Canines are more resistible with pins and less without. Lowest resistance is found in lower front teeth when pins are present. Conclusion: In class IV restorations when tissue loses are less than 2/3 of the incisal ridge pins can decrease the fracture resistance of the teeth

Prediction in the face of uncertainty: a Monte Carlo-based approach for systems biology of cancer treatment

Cancer is known to be a complex disease and its therapy is difficult. Much information is available on molecules and pathways involved in cancer onset and progression and this data provides a valuable resource for the development of predictive computer models that can help to identify new potential drug targets or to improve therapies. Modeling cancer treatment has to take into account many cellular pathways usually leading to the construction of large mathematical models. The development of such models is complicated by the fact that relevant parameters are either completely unknown, or can at best be measured under highly artificial conditions. Here we propose an approach for constructing predictive models of such complex biological networks in the absence of accurate knowledge on parameter values, and apply this strategy to predict the effects of perturbations induced by anti-cancer drug target inhibitions on an epidermal growth factor (EGF) signaling network. The strategy is based on a Monte Carlo approach, in which the kinetic parameters are repeatedly sampled from specific probability distributions and used for multiple parallel simulations. Simulation results from different forms of the model (e.g., a model that expresses a certain mutation or mutation pattern or the treatment by a certain drug or drug combination) can be compared with the unperturbed control model and used for the prediction of the perturbation effects. This framework opens the way to experiment with complex biological networks in the computer, likely to save costs in drug development and to improve patient therapy