8 research outputs found
Probability of major depression diagnostic classification using semi-structured vs. fully structured diagnostic interviews
Background: Different diagnostic interviews are used as reference standards for major depression classification in research. Semi-structured interviews involve clinical judgement, whereas fully structured interviews are completely scripted. The Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI), a brief fully structured interview, is also sometimes used. It is not known whether interview method is associated with probability of major depression classification. Aims: To evaluate the association between interview method and odds of major depression classification, controlling for depressive symptom scores and participant characteristics. Method: Data collected for an individual participant data meta-analysis of Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) diagnostic accuracy were analyzed. Binomial Generalized Linear Mixed Models were fit. Results: 17,158 participants (2,287 major depression cases) from 57 primary studies were analyzed. Among fully structured interviews, odds of major depression were higher for the MINI compared to the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) [OR (95% CI) = 2.10 (1.15-3.87)]. Compared to semi-structured interviews, fully structured interviews (MINI excluded) were non-significantly more likely to classify participants with low-level depressive symptoms (PHQ-9 scores 6) as having major depression [OR (95% CI) = 3.13 (0.98-10.00)], similarly likely for moderate-level symptoms (PHQ-9 scores 7-15) [OR (95% CI) = 0.96 (0.56-1.66)], and significantly less likely for high-level symptoms (PHQ-9 scores 16) [OR (95% CI) = 0.50 (0.26-0.97)]. Conclusions: The MINI may identify more depressed cases than the CIDI, and semi- and fully structured interviews may not be interchangeable methods, but these results should be replicated
Fraud Detection Protocol for Web-Based Research Among Men Who Have Sex With Men: Development and Descriptive Evaluation
Mindfulness, Acceptance and Defusion Strategies in Smokers: a Systematic Review of Laboratory Studies
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Neuroanatomy and Neuroimaging of Anxiety Disorders
Neuroimaging methods can be used to examine functional brain differences between healthy individuals and those with anxiety disorders. After the brain regions implicated in the pathophysiology of anxiety disorders (e.g., amygdalo-cortical circuitry) are reviewed, neuroimaging studies of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), social anxiety disorder (SAD), specific phobia (SP), and panic disorder (PD) that report activations in these regions are discussed. Studies of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) implicate a distinct neurocircuitry profile (i.e., cortico-striatal-thalamic circuit) compared to the other anxiety disorders. Few neuroimaging studies of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) have been conducted. In addition, results from functional connectivity analyses and the effects of treatment on neuroimaging findings are summarized