Description of sugarcane feeds : nomenclature and nutritional information

Meeting: Workshop on Standardization of Analytical Methodology for Feeds, 12-14 Mar. 1979, CAIn IDL-388

Use of neural networks for the study of crossflow microfiltration .

International audienc

A cross-flow microfiltration model based on integration of the mass transport equation.

International audienc

Interaction between matrix and aroma compounds in flavoured fermented milks. Physicochemical and sensory approaches

International audienc

Enhancement of methane production from sunflower oil cakes by dilute acid pretreatment

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)The conversion of sunflower oil cake (SOC) into methane by mesophilic anaerobic digestion was the object of this study. The effect of a combined dilute acid-thermal pretreatment (acid concentration and temperature) on solubilisation and methane potential was investigated using a central composite design (CCD). For temperatures up to 170 degrees C, solubilisation of each parameter (total organic carbon, sugars and proteins) increased with the severity of the pretreatment (high temperature and high acid concentration). Methane production was higher for pre-treated samples than for the untreated samples (195 mL CH4/VS). The highest yield (302 +/- 10 mL CH4/gVS) was obtained after acid pretreatment at 170 degrees C. At this temperature, acid concentrations lower than 1% had no significant impact on methane production in comparison to thermal treatment alone. The volume of methane produced by the soluble fraction reached more than 60% of total methane production. An increase in methane production was correlated to the concentration of organic carbon in the liquid phase of samples pretreated at 130-170 degrees C with acid. At temperatures higher than 170 degrees C, some recalcitrant compounds were formed in the liquid phase. (c) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.102SI11051113'Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique' (INRA)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP

On the use of a multi-site ion-exchange model to predictively simulate the adsorption behaviour of strontium and caesium onto French agricultural soils

International audienceIn case of nuclear accident, 90Sr and 134,137Cs are major radionuclides to account. In previous works (Appl. Geochem. 87, 167; ibid 93, 167), a database of ion-exchange parameters allowing the description of the Sr2+ and Cs+ adsorption on purified illite and smectite was developed for a multi-site ion-exchange (MSIE) model. In this study, the adsorption behaviours of Sr2+ and Cs+ were obtained with <150 μm fractions of French soil samples: a cambisol fluvic, a calcosol, and a cambisol typic. The <2 μm fractions of the soil samples were analysed by X-ray diffraction to estimate their clay minerals proportions that were then approximated to an illite/smectite mixture, in consistency with the CEC of the <150 μm fractions. The database was implemented with K-illite and -smectite parameters to account for the amendment of K+ in agricultural soils. The isotherms of Sr2+ and Cs+ on the three soils — at 0.033 mol kgw-1 CaCl2 (I = 0.1 mol kgw-1) and at the pH value of the water equilibrated with the soils — were then compared with simulations obtained using ion-exchange parameters from the database for the MSIE model. This simulation approach, based on the additive adsorption properties between severalreactive phases, allowed to describe satisfactorily the adsorption of Sr2+ and Cs+ in most cases. In order to highlight the limiting parameters of the modelling predictive ability, different treatments were made on soil samples. The removal of the natural organic matter did not change significantly the adsorption behaviour of either Sr2+ or Cs+. The removal of the exchangeable aluminium from the cambisol typic allowed a better simulation of the adsorption isotherm in the case of Sr2+. Finally, in the case of the calcosol, the satisfactory modelling of the decrease in adsorption of Sr and Cs using a synthetic CaCl2 pore water with increasing concentrations of KNO3 allowed to verify the robustness of the MSIE model and exchange parameters from the database