A Political Scientist\u27s Perspective on the Constitution

Presented in a panel discussion as part of the University of Dayton\u27s series of programs commemorating the bicentennial of the Constitution, Dayton, Ohio, October 15, 1986

Radiation-induced insulator discharge pulses in the CRRES internal discharge monitor satellite experiment

The Internal Discharge Monitor (IDM) was designed to observe electrical pulses from common electrical insulators in space service. The sixteen insulator samples included twelve planar printed circuit boards and four cables. The samples were fully enclosed, mutually isolated, and space radiation penetrated 0.02 cm of aluminum before striking the samples. Pulsing began on the seventh orbit, the maximum pulse rate occurred on the seventeenth orbit when 13 pulses occurred, and the pulses slowly diminished to about one per 3 orbits six months later. After 8 months, the radiation belts abruptly increased and the pulse rates attained a new high. These pulse rates were in agreement with laboratory experience on shorter time scales. Several of the samples never pulsed. If the pulses were not confined within IDM, the physical processes could spread to become a full spacecraft anomaly. The IDM results indicate the rate at which small insulator pulses occur. Small pulses are the seeds of larger satellite electrical anomalies. The pulse rates are compared with space radiation intensities, L shell location, and spectral distributions from the radiation spectrometers on the Combined Release and Radiation Effects Satellite

A Community-Based Dental Program for Older Adults

The planning and implementation of a community-based outreach program for older adults is described. Objectives of the program were to provide dental health education to older persons at their place of residence, to improve access to dental care for that population, and to increase the number of older adults treated at a dental facility administered by the Department of Community Dentistry, University of Michigan. Data collected during encounters with participants are reported to supplement the description of the program. In the first year, 98 older adults (mean age 71.3 years)participated in the outreach program which was directed by a dental hygienist. Of those persons whose initial encounter was with the outreach program, 47 percent eventually contacted the dental care facility and 36 percent completed treatment. Persons who elected to seek treatment averaged 3.9 encounters with the hygienist during the program; persons who did not seek treatment averaged 2.2 encounters. Strengths and weaknesses of the program are discussed.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/66221/1/j.1752-7325.1984.tb03075.x.pd

The Drivers for Acceptance of Tablet PCs by Faculty in a College of Business

Utilizing the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model developed by Venkatesh, et al. (2003) this study extends our understanding of technology acceptance, provides insights into the use of UTAUT as a tool to increase our understanding of acceptance, and identifies areas that administrators should consider when proposing a new technology in a College of Business setting. UTAUT is a useful tool for managers to predict the likelihood of success for new technology introductions and helps managers understand the drivers of acceptance in order to proactively design interventions targeted at users that may be less inclined to adopt and use new systems. The Tablet PC is a new technology being introduced in various settings including faculty and student use in higher education. This study applies UTAUT prescriptively as a management tool to asses the user acceptance of Tablet PCs by the faculty of a College of Business at a large university in the United States. The results largely validate UTAUT, although the findings suggest that certain variables, namely performance expectancy and voluntariness, are the most salient drivers of acceptance when applied to business faculty in higher education

Soil properties associated with vegetation patches in a pinus ponderosa bunchgrass mosaic.

Since Euro-American settlement, fire exclusion and other factors have dramatically altered interior western coniferous forests. Once open and parklike, present day structure in many southwestern Pinus ponderosa forests consists of dense stands of young, small-diameter trees, with small patches of larger, old trees, and relict open bunchgrass areas. Our objectives were to assess differences in soil properties associated with these different vegetation patches. We examined soil morphological characteristics, pH, organic C concentration, total N concentration C:N ratio, and phytolith concentration from profiles within 6 transects (18 soil pedons) crossing patches of dense stands of small-diameter trees, patchs of old-growth trees, and open grassy areas. Results indicate that old-growth plots had significantly lower A horizon pH and thicker 0 horizons than grass plots. In general, we found vegetation patches had statistically similar C and N concentrations and C:N ratios for A and B horizons; however, C in the A horizon was positively correlated with 0 horizon accumulation (r2 = 0.79). Greater accumulation of organic C in the A horizon of forested areas contrasts with commonly reported results from mesic, mid-continental prairie forest ecosystems but is typical for many arid semiarid, and humid savanna ecosystems. Phytolith concentration was similar among old-growth pine, dense younger pine, and open grassy plots; the lack of a spatial pattern in phytolith distribution could indicate that grass cover was more spatially continuous in the past. Additionally this interpretation is consistent with current theories regarding historical vegetation change in these forests

Strengthening the Synapse between Outpatient Neurological Care and Inpatient Referral

Objective The goal of this project is to investigate if established neurology patients are appropriately referred to the emergency room. We suspect that there are patients that could be more effectively triaged to prevent unnecessary visits to the emergency department. If this is the case, implementing an intervention such as offering expedited visits or contingency plan, may reduce non-emergent inpatient consultative services5. This would also improve outpatient communication and decrease utilization of both ER and patient resources

Is the collagen primed for mineralization in specific regions of the Turkey tendon?:an investigation of the protein-mineral interface using Raman spectroscopy

The tendons in the turkey leg have specific well-defined areas which become mineralized as the animal ages and they are a thoroughly characterized model system for studying the mineralization process of bone. In this study, nondestructive Raman spectroscopic analysis was used to explore the hypothesis that regions of the turkey tendon that are associated with mineralization exhibit distinct and observable chemical modifications of the collagen prior to the onset of mineralization. The Raman spectroscopy features associated with mineralization were identified by probing (on the micrometer scale) the transition zone between mineralized and nonmineralized regions of turkey leg tendons. These features were then measured in whole tendons and identified in regions of tendon which are destined to become rapidly mineralized around 14 weeks of age. The data show there is a site-specific difference in collagen prior to the deposition of mineral, specifically the amide III band at 1270 cm(-1) increases as the collagen becomes more ordered (increased amide III:amide I ratio) in regions that become mineralized compared to collagen destined to remain nonmineralized. If this mechanism were present in materials of different mineral fraction (and thus material properties), it could provide a target for controlling mineralization in metabolic bone disease

Lack of trust in maternal support is associated with negative interpretations of ambiguous maternal behavior

Attachment theory assumes that children who lack trust in maternal availability for support are more inclined to interpret maternal behavior in congruence with their expectation that mother will remain unavailable for support. To provide the first test of this assumption, early adolescents (9-13 years old) were asked to assess whether ambiguous interactions with mother should be interpreted in a positive or a negative way. In our sample (n = 322), results showed that early adolescents' lack of trust in their mother's availability for support was related to more negative interpretations of maternal behavior. The associations remained significant after controlling for depressive mood. The importance of these findings for our understanding of attachment theory, attachment stability, and clinical practice are discussed

Scaffold-Based [Fe]-Hydrogenase Model: H\u3csub\u3e2\u3c/sub\u3e Activation Initiates Fe(0)-Hydride Extrusion and Non-Biomimetic Hydride Transfer

We report the synthesis and reactivity of a model of [Fe]-hydrogenase derived from an anthracene-based scaffold that includes the endogenous, organometallic acyl(methylene) donor. In comparison to other non-scaffolded acyl-containing complexes, the complex described herein retains molecularly well-defined chemistry upon addition of multiple equivalents of exogenous base. Clean deprotonation of the acyl(methylene) C-H bond with a phenolate base results in the formation of a dimeric motif that contains a new Fe-C(methine) bond resulting from coordination of the deprotonated methylene unit to an adjacent iron center. This effective second carbanion in the ligand framework was demonstrated to drive heterolytic H2 activation across the Fe(ii) center. However, this process results in reductive elimination and liberation of the ligand to extrude a lower-valent Fe-carbonyl complex. Through a series of isotopic labelling experiments, structural characterization (XRD, XAS), and spectroscopic characterization (IR, NMR, EXAFS), a mechanistic pathway is presented for H2/hydride-induced loss of the organometallic acyl unit (i.e. pyCH2-CO → pyCH3+CO). The known reduced hydride species [HFe(CO)4]– and [HFe3(CO)11]– have been observed as products by 1H/2H NMR and IR spectroscopies, as well as independent syntheses of PNP[HFe(CO)4]. The former species (i.e. [HFe(CO)4]–) is deduced to be the actual hydride transfer agent in the hydride transfer reaction (nominally catalyzed by the title compound) to a biomimetic substrate ([TolIm](BArF) = fluorinated imidazolium as hydride acceptor). This work provides mechanistic insight into the reasons for lack of functional biomimetic behavior (hydride transfer) in acyl(methylene)pyridine based mimics of [Fe]-hydrogenase