Natural Philosophy or Science in Premodern Epistemic Regimes? The Case of the Astrology of Albert the Great and Galileo Galilei

Scholarly attempts to analyze the history of science sometime suffer from an imprecise use of terms. In order to understand accurately how science has developed and from where it draws its roots, researchers should be careful to recognize that epistemic regimes change over time and acceptable forms of knowledge production are contingent upon the hegemonic discourse informing the epistemic regime of any given period. In order to understand the importance of this point, I apply the techniques of historical epistemology to an analysis of the place of the study of astrology in the medieval and early modern periods alongside a discussion of the “language games” of these period as well as the role of the “archeology of knowledge” in uncovering meaning in our study of the past. In sum, I argue that the term “science” should never be used when studying approaches to knowledge formation prior to the seventeenth century

Payload shrouds structural optimization study Final report

Computer programs for synthesizing structural arrangements for ring-stiffened, honeycomb sandwich, and ring-stringer stiffened methods of construction for Saturn nose fairing

The California Red Sea Urchin, Strongylocentrotus franciscanus, Fishery: Catch, Effort, and Management Trends

California's red sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus franciscanus, catch peaked at 23,577 metric tons (t) in 1988. Since then, catches and CPUE have trended downward at different rates in northern and southern California, with 10,086 t landed statewide in 1995. West coast sea urchin catches and CPUE from British Columbia, Can., to Baja California, Mex., have generally declined during this period which followed a decade of rapid fishery expansion. This expansion was in response to increasing demand from Japan fueled by rising prices based largely on a more favorable export currency exchange rate. West coast stock assessment methods have been based on integrating a combination of fisheries dependent data and population surveys into models at various levels of complexity. California management policy has centered on technical measures such as size limits and seasonal closures and has been largely ineffective in stabilizing declining catches

Apollo experience report: Command and service module electrical power distribution on subsystem

A review of the design philosophy and development of the Apollo command and service modules electrical power distribution subsystem, a brief history of the evolution of the total system, and some of the more significant components within the system are discussed. The electrical power distribution primarily consisted of individual control units, interconnecting units, and associated protective devices. Because each unit within the system operated more or less independently of other units, the discussion of the subsystem proceeds generally in descending order of complexity; the discussion begins with the total system, progresses to the individual units of the system, and concludes with the components within the units

Tensions in Cuban Property Law

Property law occupies center stage in the bilateral relations between the United States and Cuba. It represents an emotional flashpoint for foreign investors who lost property under the early years of Fidel Castro\u27s government, and remains a concern for potential future investors, foreign and domestic. Cuban property law is a core concern today for broadly based, sustainable economic development for the Cuban people. Beginning in 1959, Cuba began a series of interventions in the land market designed to favor historically disadvantaged groups. Today, outstanding Cuban expropriations of U.S. property are valued at about $6 billion. This issue will need to be addressed as a precondition to normalization of relations. The Cuban agrarian reform tracked the Mexican agrarian reform in many respects. It includes the social function rather than a market function for land. As in many other Latin American reforms, beneficiaries have limited ownership rights. Similarly, the Cuban authorities designed an urban market structure to benefit the poor, based on paternalistic assumptions. Property rights, both urban and rural, are documented at the Property Registry organized under the folio real system that exists in a number of other Latin American jurisdictions. The condition of property records in this registry may be a significant factor in any attempts to compensate former owners. More importantly, institutional confidence in the registry will be an economic precondition to development. Finally, bilateral relations between the United States and Cuba are characterized by acrimony and hyperbole. International partners call on the United States to be more conciliatory. Meanwhile, the United States maintains a trade embargo in retaliation for confiscations of property, half of which correspond to ten U.S. claimants, two-thirds of which correspond to the largest fifteen U.S. claimants; most of this loss has been written off already, it is suspected, on U.S. taxes. Both nations need to address development and normalization from technical, rather than ideological perspectives. In the future, it is likely some measure of privatization will be required. Property registry and cadastral reform is urgent. Tenure policy will require close examination to encourage participation in the land market, promote access to housing, preserve the environment, and sustain broadly based economic growth

An Analysis of MSKN and \u27HL MW\u27D in the Masoretic Text of Exod 25-40

Purpose Sequential listing of and HDIO from the Masoretic Text of Exod 25-40 reveals discrete and unique use patterns. Historical and contemporary analyses of the terms and their contexts reveal inadequate explanation. This study seeks within the text for an explanation of these use patterns. Methodology Terms are limited, history of analysis is considered, and the etymologies of and SilX are determined from lexical, Ugaritic, and Septuagintal sources. Literary structural analysis is used to analyze the context of the terms. Conclusions The term appears in constructional contexts (manufacture and assembly of the physical Mosaic Structure) where it has the meaning dwelling place with connotations of impermanence and immanence. The phrase “ipiO appears in cult-functional contexts (the cultic function of the Mosaic Structure) where it has the meaning of tent of assembly with the connotation of relationship