Insecticide and Growth Regulator Effects on the Leafminer, \u3ci\u3eLiriomyza Trifolii\u3c/i\u3e (Diptera: Agromyzidae), in Celery and Observations on Parasitism

The effects of different insecticides were compared on survival and development of the leafminer, L. trifolii, in celery in Michigan and parasitism was assessed in this non- resident population. Avermectin, thiocyclam, and cyromazine effectively controlled L. trifolii larvae or prevented successful emergence as adults. Moderate to high levels of resistance to permethrin and chlorpyrifos were present. Avermectin caused high mortality of all larval stages and no adults successfully emerged. Thiocyclam caused high mortality to all larval stages, but did not affect adult emergence from the surviving larvae. Cyromazine acted most strongly against early stage larvae before visible mines were present, caused little direct mortality of larger larvae, but prevented successful adult emergence. No parasitoids emerged from 2029 larvae collected and reared, in contrast to studies in sites where L. trifolii is a year-round resident

First Record of \u3ci\u3eAphis Helianthi\u3c/i\u3e (Homoptera: Aphididae) as a Pest of Celery

In 1989, the aphid Aphis helianthi severely damaged five of 10 scouted celery fields in west central Michigan. In 1990 and in 1991, A. helianthi again was a problem. reaching pestiferous levels in three of 10 and two of 10 scouted fields. respectively. This insect has not been reported previously as a pest of celery or any other commercial crop. Insecticide efficacy studies showed that some of the most commonly used insecticides are ineffective against A. helianthi. Resistance or tolerance to insecticides may explain its new status as a pest

Feebar Barley

High yield, resistance to stem rust, stiff straw and high protein are some of the advantages that recommend Feebar, a new variety of feed barley, to South Dakota farmers. About 4500 bushels of this new barley were released by the South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station to the South Dakota County Crop Improvement Associations in the spring of 1947. Tests made in different areas of South Dakota on widely different soil types show Feebar to be adapted and capable of displacing some of the older barley varieties commonly grown

South Dakota Corn Performance Test, 1944

The South Dakota Corn Performance Test is conducted each year to supply impartial information concerning hybrids and open-pollinated varieties to farmers, hybrid seed-corn dealers and producers, and others interested in corn. The plots for this test are located in nine districts of eastern South Dakota. There were 456 entries comprising 156 different hybrids and open-pollinated varieties in 1944. Two to five adapted open-pollinated varieties were planted in each plot as check varieties. Data are presented on yield, moisture percentage of the grain at harvest, and stand. It should be emphasized that there are many hybrids which have performed well in South Dakota and that the top hybrid in any district for any one year is not necessarily the best one. Statistical measures are included to be used in judging the advantage or disadvantage of purchasing a given hybrid. Long-time averages are the best indication of the performance of a hybrid and as these tests continue to be conducted their results will become more valuable. Used with discretion, these data will provide readers with valuable information on the production, sale, and purchase of hybrid corn

Effects of Neighboring Nectar-Producing Plants on Populations of Pest Lepidoptera and Their Parasitoids in Broccoli Plantings

Eggs and larvae of the imported cabbageworm, Pieris rapae, were much more abundant in broccoli interplanted with nectar-producing plants than in broccoli monoculture. More diamondback moth larvae, Plutella xylostella, occurred in broccoli interplanted with or adjacent to nectar-producing plants than in broccoli monoculture. Density of cabbage looper larvae, Trichoplusia ni, was similar among the three types of broccoli plantings. For Cotesia rubecula, established in Michigan after introduction from Yugoslavia, pupae were more numerous in broccoli interplanted with nectar-producing plants than in other plots. High parasitism rates of diamondback moth, mainly by Diadegma insulare, were observed in every plot, but there were no differences in parasitism of diamondback moth between the treatments. Results indicate that the interactions between pests, parasitoids and nectar-producing plants are complex and may be different for each species

James Hulless Oats

A new hulless oat, James, C.I. 5015, has been described. This variety was derived from the cross of ( Bond x Double Cross Bond) x Nakota. It is stiff-strawed, mid-early and has produced a high yield of good quality grain in eastern South Dakota. James has the White Russian type of stem rust resistance, Puccinia graminis avenae, Eriks, and Henn., and the Bond type leaf rust resistance, Puccinia coronata (Pers.) Cda. It is resistant to both species of smut, U stilago kolleri Wille. and Ustilago avenae (Pers.) Rostr

An Analysis of Small Grain Performance in South Dakota, 1942-1951

The small grain performance tests were located at the State Experiment Station, Brookings, the Central Substation, Highmore, the Range Field Station, Cottonwood and the North Central Substation, Eureka. In most cases the yields at the outlying stations were taken from nursery plots, with the exception of the winter wheat, rye and flax data which came from still strip plots of approximately 1/50th acre in size. The yields at Brookings were taken from drill trip plots 1/40th acre in size. Since yielding quality cannot be measured with absolute accuracy, small differences in yield are not important. Unless the difference exceeds the “least significant difference” given in the yield tables, little emphasis should be placed on the superiority in yield of one variety over another

Pierre Rye

This bulletin deals with the benefits of Pierre rye as a sure-producing crop. The history of Pierre rye, yield information, and availability of seed are addressed

1947 Corn Performance Tests, South Dakota

Each year the Agronomy Department of the South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station conducts corn yield trials on commercial hybrids and varieties in order to make available impartial information on the relative performance of the entries included when they are grown at certain selected places in the state. Information includes yielding ability, maturity requirements and other characteristics. Entries in each test are those hybrids which have enjoyed the greatest popularity on the basis of sales\u27 volume during the previous year for the area represented by that test and well known open-pollinated varieties which have been used in that area. The areas represented by the tests are those into which the state might be divided on the basis of soil type, elevation, rainfall and length of growing season