Physiological attributes of seeds of leucaena (Leucaena spp.) underwent pre-germination treatmen

Todos os textos, informa??es e resultados apresentados s?o de inteira responsabilidade dos autores.O uso da leucena na alimenta??o animal vem se tornado muito expressivo, principalmente em regi?es onde s?o enfrentados problemas com d?ficit h?drico. Contudo, a produ??o de mudas, importante para a dispers?o da planta em ?reas de cultivo, ? dificultada pelo fato das sementes apresentarem dorm?ncia. Assim, este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar atributos fisiol?gicos de sementes de leucena submetidas a tratamentos pr?-germinativos. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado, em arranjo fatorial 2 x 3, sendo os tratamentos constitu?dos pela combina??o de dois locais de coleta das sementes (solo e ?rvore) e tr?s tratamentos pr?-germinativos (imers?o em hipoclorito de s?dio por 0, 10 e 20 minutos), com quatro repeti??es de 50 sementes por tratamento. Os par?metros avaliados foram: germina??o e sementes mortas. A germina??o foi afetada pelos tempos de imers?o em hipoclorito de s?dio, sendo o tempo de 20 minutos o de maior percentual germinativo. Quanto ao n?mero de sementes mortas, verificou-se que sementes coletadas na ?rvore e submetidas a 20 minutos de imers?o em hipoclorito de s?dio, apresentam maiores valores.The use of leucaena as animal feed has become very expressive, especially in regions where they faced problems with water deficit. However, the production of seedlings, it is important for the dispersion of the plant-growing areas, is difficult because of seed dormancy present. This study aimed to evaluate physiological attributes of leucaena seeds subjected to pre-germination treatments. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 2 x 3 factorial arrangement, with the treatments constituted by combining two sites of seed collection (ground and tree) and three pre-germination treatments (immersion in sodium hypochlorite for 0, 10 and 20 minutes), with four replicates of 50 seeds per treatment. The parameters evaluated were: germination and dead seeds. Seed germination is affected by the time of immersion in sodium hypochlorite, and time 20 minutes for the higher germination percentage. As for the number of dead seeds, it was found that seeds collected in the tree and subjected to 20 minutes of immersion in sodium hypochlorite, have higher values

Heritability pets of genetics to body weight cutting

Todos os textos, informa??es e resultados apresentados s?o de inteira responsabilidade dos autores.Ag?ncias financiadoras para a realiza??o desse trabalho: Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG), Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) e Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM).Os dados utilizados neste estudo s?o provenientes de 894 codornas de corte da linhagem LF1 e 932 da linhagem LF2, pertencentes ao Programa de Melhoramento Gen?tico da Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri. Foram avaliados os pesos corporais das aves ao nascimento, 7, 14, 21, 28 e 35 dias de idade, com n?veis de 0,71, 0,76, 0,81, 0,86 e 0,91 da rela??o treonina: lisina na dieta. As sensibilidades dos valores gen?ticos ?s mudan?as nos n?veis da rela??o treonina: lisina (intera??o gen?tipo X ambiente) foram obtidas por Modelos de Regress?o Aleat?ria (utilizando Normas de Rea??o) por meio do programa WOMBAT que utiliza o princ?pio da M?xima Verossimilhan?a Restrita (REML). As estimativas de herdabilidades foram influenciadas pela altera??o nos n?veis de treonina na dieta. A herdabilidade ? maior para o menor n?vel de treonina avaliado para a maioria dos pesos analisados.The data used in this study come from 894 cutting quails of line LF1 and 932 of line LF2, belonging to the Breeding Program of the Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri. There were evaluated the body weights of the birds at birth, 7,14, 21, 28 e 35 days of age at levels of 0.71, 0.76, 0.81, 0.86, and 0.91 of threonine: lisine in the diet. The sensitivities of genetic values to changes in the levels of threonine: lisine (interaction genotype X environment) were obtained by Random Regression Models (using Reaction Norm) through the WOMBAT program that uses the Restricted Maximum Likelihood principle (REML). Estimates of heritability were influenced by the changes in the level of threonine in the diet. The heritability is higher of the lower-rated threonine level evaluated for most of the analyzed weights

Mitogenomic phylogeny and fossil-calibrated mutation rates for all F- and M-type mtDNA genes of the largest freshwater mussel family, the Unionidae (Bivalvia)

The Unionidae represent an excellent model taxon for unravelling the drivers of freshwater diversity, but, phylogeographic studies on Southeast Asian taxa are hampered by lack of a comprehensive phylogeny and mutation rates for this fauna. We present complete female- (F) and male-type (M) mitogenomes of four genera of the Southeast Asian clade Contradentini+Rectidentini. We calculate substitution rates for the mitogenome, the 13 protein-coding genes, the two ribosomal units and three commonly used fragments (co1, nd1 and 16S) of both F- and M-mtDNA, based on a fossil-calibrated, mitogenomic phylogeny of the Unionidae. Phylogenetic analyses, including an M+F concatenated dataset, consistently recovers a monophyletic Gonideinae. Subfamily-level topology is congruent with that of a previous nuclear genomic study and with patterns in mitochondrial gene order, suggesting Unionidae F-type 2 as a synapomorphy of the Gonideinae. Our phylogeny indicates that the clades Contradentini+Rectidentini and Lamprotulini+Pseudodontini+Gonideini split in the early Cretaceous (~125 Mya), and that the crown group of Contradentini+Rectidentini originated in the late Cretaceous (~79 Mya). Most gonideine tribes originated during the early Palaeogene. Substitution rates were comparable to those previously published for F-type co1 and 16S for certain Unionidae and Margaritiferidae species (pairs)

Rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

BACKGROUND: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is associated with high in-hospital mortality. Alveolar recruitment followed by ventilation at optimal titrated PEEP may reduce ventilator-induced lung injury and improve oxygenation in patients with ARDS, but the effects on mortality and other clinical outcomes remain unknown. This article reports the rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART). METHODS/DESIGN: ART is a pragmatic, multicenter, randomized (concealed), controlled trial, which aims to determine if maximum stepwise alveolar recruitment associated with PEEP titration is able to increase 28-day survival in patients with ARDS compared to conventional treatment (ARDSNet strategy). We will enroll adult patients with ARDS of less than 72 h duration. The intervention group will receive an alveolar recruitment maneuver, with stepwise increases of PEEP achieving 45 cmH2O and peak pressure of 60 cmH2O, followed by ventilation with optimal PEEP titrated according to the static compliance of the respiratory system. In the control group, mechanical ventilation will follow a conventional protocol (ARDSNet). In both groups, we will use controlled volume mode with low tidal volumes (4 to 6 mL/kg of predicted body weight) and targeting plateau pressure 6430 cmH2O. The primary outcome is 28-day survival, and the secondary outcomes are: length of ICU stay; length of hospital stay; pneumothorax requiring chest tube during first 7 days; barotrauma during first 7 days; mechanical ventilation-free days from days 1 to 28; ICU, in-hospital, and 6-month survival. ART is an event-guided trial planned to last until 520 events (deaths within 28 days) are observed. These events allow detection of a hazard ratio of 0.75, with 90% power and two-tailed type I error of 5%. All analysis will follow the intention-to-treat principle. DISCUSSION: If the ART strategy with maximum recruitment and PEEP titration improves 28-day survival, this will represent a notable advance to the care of ARDS patients. Conversely, if the ART strategy is similar or inferior to the current evidence-based strategy (ARDSNet), this should also change current practice as many institutions routinely employ recruitment maneuvers and set PEEP levels according to some titration metho

Measurement of the nuclear modification factor for muons from charm and bottom hadrons in Pb+Pb collisions at 5.02 TeV with the ATLAS detector

Heavy-flavour hadron production provides information about the transport properties and microscopic structure of the quark-gluon plasma created in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions. A measurement of the muons from semileptonic decays of charm and bottom hadrons produced in Pb+Pb and pp collisions at a nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider is presented. The Pb+Pb data were collected in 2015 and 2018 with sampled integrated luminosities of 208 mu b(-1) and 38 mu b(-1), respectively, and pp data with a sampled integrated luminosity of 1.17 pb(-1) were collected in 2017. Muons from heavy-flavour semileptonic decays are separated from the light-flavour hadronic background using the momentum imbalance between the inner detector and muon spectrometer measurements, and muons originating from charm and bottom decays are further separated via the muon track's transverse impact parameter. Differential yields in Pb+Pb collisions and differential cross sections in pp collisions for such muons are measured as a function of muon transverse momentum from 4 GeV to 30 GeV in the absolute pseudorapidity interval vertical bar eta vertical bar < 2. Nuclear modification factors for charm and bottom muons are presented as a function of muon transverse momentum in intervals of Pb+Pb collision centrality. The bottom muon results are the most precise measurement of b quark nuclear modification at low transverse momentum where reconstruction of B hadrons is challenging. The measured nuclear modification factors quantify a significant suppression of the yields of muons from decays of charm and bottom hadrons, with stronger effects for muons from charm hadron decays

A search for an unexpected asymmetry in the production of e+μ− and e−μ+ pairs in proton-proton collisions recorded by the ATLAS detector at root s = 13 TeV

This search, a type not previously performed at ATLAS, uses a comparison of the production cross sections for e(+)mu(-) and e(-)mu(+) pairs to constrain physics processes beyond the Standard Model. It uses 139 fb(-1) of proton-proton collision data recorded at root s = 13 TeV at the LHC. Targeting sources of new physics which prefer final states containing e(+)mu(-) and e(-)mu(+), the search contains two broad signal regions which are used to provide model-independent constraints on the ratio of cross sections at the 2% level. The search also has two special selections targeting supersymmetric models and leptoquark signatures. Observations using one of these selections are able to exclude, at 95% confidence level, singly produced smuons with masses up to 640 GeV in a model in which the only other light sparticle is a neutralino when the R-parity-violating coupling lambda(23)(1)' is close to unity. Observations using the other selection exclude scalar leptoquarks with masses below 1880 GeV when g(1R)(eu) = g(1R)(mu c) = 1, at 95% confidence level. The limit on the coupling reduces to g(1R)(eu) = g(1R)(mu c) = 0.46 for a mass of 1420 GeV

Differential cross-section measurements of the production of four charged leptons in association with two jets using the ATLAS detector

Differential cross-sections are measured for the production of four charged leptons in association with two jets. These measurements are sensitive to final states in which the jets are produced via the strong interaction as well as to the purely-electroweak vector boson scattering process. The analysis is performed using proton-proton collision data collected by ATLAS at √s = 13 TeV and with an integrated luminosity of 140 fb−1. The data are corrected for the effects of detector inefficiency and resolution and are compared to state-of-the-art Monte Carlo event generator predictions. The differential cross-sections are used to search for anomalous weak-boson self-interactions that are induced by dimension-six and dimension-eight operators in Standard Model effective field theory