78 research outputs found
PD-0274: 18F-FLT and 18F-FDG PET imaging of proliferation and glucose metabolism in radiotherapy planning of cervical cancer
Renal Function Responses to Steady-State Moderate-Intensity and High-Intensity Interval Exercise in Mid-Spectrum Chronic Kidney Disease
Efficacy of exercise to improve renal function remains understudied in adults with mid-spectrum chronic kidney disease (CKD). In addition, a comparison of steady-state exercise (SSE) and high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) may contribute clinically-relevant information for exercise-related augmentation of renal function in mid-spectrum CKD. PURPOSE: To determine the influence of SSE and a comparable amount of HIIE on indicators of post-exercise renal function in patients diagnosed with secondary Stage 3 or 4 CKD. METHODS: Twenty participants (n = 6 men; n = 14 women; age 62.0 + 9.9 yr; weight 80.9 + 16.2 kg; body fat 37.3 + 8.5% of weight; VO2max 19.4 + 4.7 ml/kg/min) completed 30 min of SSE at 65% VO2reserve or HIIE by treadmill walking (90% and 20% of VO2reserve in 3:2 min ratio) in a randomized crossover design. Both exercise conditions averaged ~ 65% VO2reserve. Blood and urine samples were obtained by the same technician under standardized conditions just before, 1hr and 24hrs after exercise. Serum creatinine (sCR), urine epidermal growth factor ratio (uEGFr), cystatin C and estimates of glomerular filtration rate - modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD) and the CKD-EPI - responses were analyzed using 2 (condition) by 3 (sample point) repeated measures ANOVAs. RESULTS: sCR decreased from 1.45 + 0.05 pre-exercise to 1.26 + 0.05 mg/dl (-13%) 1hr after exercise and returned to pre-exercise levels by 24hr (p = 0.009). Both MDRD and CKD-EPI estimates of glomerular filtration rate were 16 to 19% higher at 1hr, returning to pre-exercise values by 24hrs after exercise. The MDRD estimate increased from 43.1 + 1.9 pre-exercise to 50.3 + 2.1 ml/min/1.73m2 1hr after exercise (p = 0.007) and CKD-EPI from 45.2 + 2.1 to 53.8 + 2.4 ml/min/1.73m2 at 1hr post-exercise (p = 0.009). Relative to pre-exercise measures, uEGFr remained stable with SSE but was 5.4% greater 24hr after HIIE (p = 0.052). Cystatin C remained stable in the hours after exercise (p \u3e 0.05). CONCLUSION: By clinical estimates, renal function was not normalized but transiently improved with SSE and HIIE in mid-spectrum CKD
The Influence of International Law on the International Movement of Persons
Many migration theories identify ‘the law’ as a significant constraint on the international
movement of persons. While this constraint often operates through national migration
legislation, this study examines the influence of international law in shaping contemporary
patterns in the international movement of persons at the macro level. The analysis begins with an
examination of the long-established power of a State to regulate cross-border movement of
persons as an inherent attribute of State sovereignty, together with the accepted limitations on a
State’s power to control entry and exit. Yet, international law reaches well beyond the movement
of people across borders. The development of international human rights law has been a key
constraint on state action in the United Nations era by also regulating the treatment of migrants
within a State’s borders. The study considers how international law has responded to current
migration issues, including: protection of migrant women and children; suppression of
smuggling and trafficking of people; labour migration; and environmental migration. As in other
areas of international society, there has been a proliferation of institutions through which
international migration law is made and enforced. The most prominent among them are the
United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) and the International Organization
for Migration (IOM), but the establishment of other entities with overlapping mandates has given
rise to calls for a new international migration regime based on streamlined institutional
arrangements. The study concludes that international law is an imperfect framework for
regulating the international movement of persons because it has developed in a piecemeal
fashion over a long time to deal with issues of concern at particular points in human history. Yet,
despite its shortfalls, international law and its associated institutions unquestionably play a most
important role in constraining and channeling state authority over the international movement of
persons
Parasitic diseases in humans transmitted by vectors
Despite the considerable progress of medicine, parasitic diseases still pose a great threat to human health
and life. Among parasitic diseases, those transmitted by vectors, mainly arthropods, play a particular role. These
diseases occur most frequently in the poorest countries and affect a vast part of the human population. They include
malaria, babesiosis, trypanosomiasis, leishmaniasis and filariasis. This study presents those vector-transmitted diseases
that are responsible for the greatest incidence and mortality of people on a global scale. Attention is focused primarily
on diseases transmitted by mosquitoes, flies, Hemiptera and ticks
European Report on the Free Movement of Workers in 25 EU Member States in 2004
Item does not contain fulltex
European Report on the Free Movement of Workers in 25 EU Member States in 2006
Item does not contain fulltex
- …