Neurohormonal signaling via a sulfotransferase antagonizes insulin-like signaling to regulate a Caenorhabditis elegans stress response.

Insulin and insulin-like signaling regulates a broad spectrum of growth and metabolic responses to a variety of internal and environmental stimuli. For example, the inhibition of insulin-like signaling in C. elegans mediates its response to both osmotic stress and starvation. We report that in response to osmotic stress the cytosolic sulfotransferase SSU-1 antagonizes insulin-like signaling and promotes developmental arrest. Both SSU-1 and the DAF-16 FOXO transcription factor, which is activated when insulin signaling is low, are needed to drive specific responses to reduced insulin-like signaling. We demonstrate that SSU-1 functions in a single pair of sensory neurons to control intercellular signaling via the nuclear hormone receptor NHR-1 and promote both the specific transcriptional response to osmotic stress and altered lysophosphatidylcholine metabolism. Our results show the requirement of a sulfotransferase-nuclear hormone receptor neurohormonal signaling pathway for some but not all consequences of reduced insulin-like signaling

Valorisation of Biowastes for the Production of Green Materials Using Chemical Methods

With crude oil reserves dwindling, the hunt for a sustainable alternative feedstock for fuels and materials for our society continues to expand. The biorefinery concept has enjoyed both a surge in popularity and also vocal opposition to the idea of diverting food-grade land and crops for this purpose. The idea of using the inevitable wastes arising from biomass processing, particularly farming and food production, is, therefore, gaining more attention as the feedstock for the biorefinery. For the three main components of biomass—carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins—there are long-established processes for using some of these by-products. However, the recent advances in chemical technologies are expanding both the feedstocks available for processing and the products that be obtained. Herein, this review presents some of the more recent developments in processing these molecules for green materials, as well as case studies that bring these technologies and materials together into final products for applied usage

Channel capacity with suboptimal adaptation technique over generalized-K fading using marginal moment generating function

In this paper we have computed the channel capacity for suboptimal adaptation technique over the generalized-K fading environment. The analytical expression for channel capacity in case of the truncated channel inversion with fixed rate (CTCIFR) has been exploited in terms of marginal moment generating function (MMGF) and its performance is evaluated over the generalized-K faded environment. The MMGF based approach for the computation of channel capacity has been validated with the reported literature for channel capacity in case of the channel inversion with fixed rate using the suboptimal adaptive technique

Chiral metal-organic frameworks for asymmetrical catalysis

Due to the vital importance of optically pure organic entities, asymmetric catalysis always plays an extensive role in this asymmetric organic transformation. In asymmetric synthesis, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as a viable heterogeneous catalytic systems for asymmetric catalytic organic transformations due to their exclusive properties by way of crystalline highly porous structure, structural tunability, and specific catalytic sites. They also serve as a valuable platform for studying superficial mechanistic knowledge and designing catalysts. This chapter provides an instant of CMOF advances for asymmetric catalysis. The designs, compositions, and topologies of these porous coordination materials, as well as their catalytic performance, are addressed. This chapter is expected to shed light on heterogeneous asymmetric catalysis using CMOFs and inspire future studies in this interesting subject

Performance enhancement of 5G OFDM systems using modified raised cosine power pulse

OFDM is a key modulation technology of current wireless communication systems such as 4G LTE/LTE-A. The fifth generation (5G) of wireless cellular networks is required to support a large variety of services such as extreme mobile broadband (xMBB) and novel machine type communication services. In this new scenario, wave-form shaping plays key role to reduce out-of-band (OOB) radiations. So pulse shaping based orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems are the most promising proposals for 5G wireless cellular networks. These systems are designed on the success of LTE/LTE-A and many other present wireless cellular systems. In this paper, we have proposed a new pulse shaping window called Modified Raised Cosine Power pulse for N-subcarriers OFDM systems that suppresses OOB radiation and reduces peak to average power ratio (PAPR). It has been observed that the inter-carrier interference, signal to interference noise ratio, bit error rate and complementary cumulative distribution function of the PAPR versus threshold PAPR (PAPR0) performances of the OFDM system with proposed pulse shape filter is far better than all recently proposed pulse shaping function.http://link.springer.com/journal/112772020-04-06hj2020Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineerin

Antiulcer Activity of Methanolic Root Extract of Baliospermum Montanum in Ethanol and Indomethacin Induced Ulcer Models

The objective of this study was to evaluate the anti-ulcer activity of standardized methanolic extract of Baliospermum montanum root and to find out the possible mechanism of this activity. The root extract was evaluated in ethanol and Indomethacin induced ulcer model separately. The ulcer healing effect was studied in wistar albino rats by scoring the ulcer index. The biochemical parameters like reduced Glutathione (GSH), Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Nitrates and Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were individually studied for both the models at a dose level of 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg. The preliminary phytochemical studies show identification of phytochemicals such as alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids and terpenoids. The ulcer index study revealed that the ulcer was reduced significantly in both the models. The biochemical study suggested a marked increase in level of GSH, SOD and Nitrates and decreased lipid peroxidation after the administration of the extract at both dose levels. The result indicated that the extract may exhibited the antiulcer activity due to antioxidant action as it reduced the oxidative stress and consequently improved the integrity of gastric mucosa and enhances the generation of nitric oxide and mucus