Does team psychological capital predict team outcomes at work?

This study is situated in the paradigms of positive organizational scholarship (POS) and positive organizational behaviour (POB). It draws upon the theoretical mechanisms of social learning and emotional contagion to suggest that psychological capital may spread through work teams to impact team outcomes such as performance, innovation, and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). The degree to which team psychological capital (TPsyCap) mediated the relationship between leader psychological capital (LPsyCap) and team outcomes was also tested (n = 94 teams; n = 94 leaders; n = 550 employees). Using structural equation modelling, LPsyCap and TPsyCap were both related to team-level organizational citizenship behavior, team performance, and team innovation. However, the relationship between LPsyCap and TPsyCap was not significant. These findings support the positioning of psychological capital as an important resource for optimal team functioning but also suggest that workplaces cannot expect that leaders, through their own psychological capital alone, can create team-level psychological capital. Instead, the current research suggests that other organizational initiatives and experiences are needed to enhance LPsyCap. The results contribute to a better understanding of POS and POB in general and, specifically, to the recently emerging construct of team psychological capital

Sin tiempos : entre la jornada de trabajo femenino y la maternidad en un contexto laboral flexible

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo abordar algunas de las problemáticas actuales que afectan a las mujeres chilenas de clase socioeconómica media, residentes en Santiago, en su integración a las dinámicas laborales. Para esto se procesaron entrevistas mediante análisis discursivo, estableciendo tres ejes argumentales : estatus de trabajo y empleo en relación a los riesgos y consecuencias para las mujeres trabajadoras, flexibilidad laboral femenina, y por último, maternidad como comienzo y final de la doble jornada laboral. Los resultados generados muestran que la presencia de factores intra y extra organizacionales afectan las valoraciones sociales del trabajo y el empleo ejercido por las mujeres, con una consecuente precarización de estos, debido, en gran parte, a la flexibilización de la jornada laboral. Se aborda el desmedro de la calidad de vida, la justificación que legitima la doble jornada de trabajo, y las tensiones derivadas de tal situación.Este artigo tem como objectivo abordar algumas das problemáticas atuais que afetam as mulheres chilenas de classe sócio-económica média, residentes em Santiago, na sua integração nas dinâmicas de trabalho. Para isso, foram realizadas entrevistas, cuja análise colocou em evidência três eixos de interpretação : as condições de trabalho e de emprego em relação com os riscos e as consequências para as mulheres trabalhadoras, a flexibilidade do trabalho feminino e, finalmente, a maternidade como início e fim da dupla jornada de trabalho. Os resultados encontrados mostram que a presença de fatores intra e extra organizacionais interferem nas avaliações sociais do trabalho e do emprego exercido pelas mulheres, conduzindo a uma consequente precarização, devido, em grande parte, à flexibilização dos horários. Trata-se de salvaguardar a qualidade de vida, uma justificação que legitima a dupla jornada de trabalho, e as tensões decorrentes desta situação.Cet article a pour finalité de traiter quelques-unes des questions d’actualité auxquelles sont confrontées les femmes chiliennes, de classe socio-économique moyenne, résidentes à Santiago, lorsqu’elles cherchent à s’intégrer dans la dynamique du travail. Pour ce faire, des entretiens ont été réalisés. L’analyse des retranscriptions a mis en évidence trois axes d’interprétation : les conditions de travail et d’emploi en relation avec les risques et les conséquences pour les femmes, la flexibilité du travail féminin, et enfin, la maternité en tant que début et fin de la double journée de travail. Les résultats montrent que la présence de facteurs intra et extra organisationnels interfèrent dans les évaluations sociales du travail et de l’emploi exercé par les femmes, conduisant à une précarisation, en grande partie en raison d’une flexibilisation des horaires. Il s’agit de sauvegarder une qualité de vie, une justification qui légitime la double journée de travail, et les tensions résultant de cette situation.This article aims to address some of the current problems affecting socioeconomic middle class Chilean women residents of Santiago, in its integration into the labor dynamics. For this, interviews were processed using discourse analysis, establishing three lines of argument : work and employment status in relation to the risks and consequences for working women, female labor flexibility, and finally, motherhood as beginning and end of the double workday. The results generated show that the presence of intra and extra organizational factors affect social valuations of work and employment exercised by women, with a consequent insecurity of these, due in large part to more flexible working hours. It deals with maintaining the quality of life, the justification that legitimizes the double day of work, and the tensions arising from this situation

Storied images of psychotherapeutic change: approaching children's voices through drawings

Introduction: In the field of child psychotherapy research it is common to evaluate psychotherapeutic change through the perspective of adults, such as the child’s parents or designated therapist. Research that actively includes children’s perspectives of psychotherapy generally turn to verbal methods of gathering information, such as interviews. It is important, however, to take into account non-verbal resources that better facilitate expression among children. Aim: This article explores the use of drawings in order to better understand how children view psychotherapy and psychotherapeutic change. It aims to contribute to child and adolescent psychotherapy research by proposing a new methodology. Method: This study presents a single case analysis of the “before and after psychotherapy†drawing of an eight year-old boy who was sexually abused and successfully completed the psychotherapeutic process due to this experience. Data collection methods include soliciting a drawing and carrying out an in-depth interview, both of which were examined using thematic and visual narrative analysis. Results: Participant drawing provided crucial insight into the psychotherapy process, such as perceived changes in emotional states and personal growth and empowerment, all of which allowed the child to make sense of the abusive experience. Meanings that emerged when analyzing the drawing complement verbal narratives. Discussion: The implications of these results are discussed, highlighting the importance of non-traditional research methodologies that are sensitive to children’s developmental needs. Methodologies that consider the developmental characteristics of children allow them to express themselves fully, articulate their narratives and voices, and allow us to reach an understanding of their meanings of their psychotherapeutic processes

Institutionalized adolescents in therapy: narratives of psychotherapy and healing from sexual abuse

Adolescent sexual abuse is a pressing social issue worldwide, specifically for institutionalized population that lack access to alternative care such as family-based options. This study examines narratives associated with healing from sexual abuse among teenagers in long-term residential care programs who have successfully completed specialized psychotherapy. Using a qualitative research methodology and multiple case analysis, in-depth interviews were conducted with five adolescents and then analyzed using thematic narrative analysis. Results show two different narrative positions regarding the meanings of healing after an experience of sexual abuse: narratives of healing and in complete healing. In addition, factors that influence the healing process are observed, of which psychotherapy and therapeutic relationships are key. Study participants’ own voices show the possibilities for generating recovery narratives among adolescents in residential care who have been sexually assaulted, highlighting aspects of therapeutic intervention that may better orientate psychotherapy for this specific group

Superación de agresiones sexuales infanto-juveniles y el sistema judicial: una visión desde los participantes

This study was developed in the context of a larger research project, which examines the healing process of children and adolescent victims of sexual abuse, as well as their caregivers and psychotherapists. This research shows the results related to legal aspects that favour and hinder the healing process from sexual abuse, considering the opinion of children, adolescents and their caregivers. This study uses a qualitative methodology. In-depth interviews were carried out with 27 children and adolescents who successfully completed the treatment program, 18 of their parents or caregivers were also interviewed. The main results indicate that both groups, children and parents, consider the justice system as the main obstacle in the healing process, except in those cases where the offender is convicted which is positively visualized by the participants as an act of protection. Practical implications for the justice system and psychosocial interventions are discussed.Este estudio se realiza en el marco de un proyecto de investigación mayor, que estudia cómo se producen los procesos de superación de la experiencia de agresión sexual, tanto para niños(as) y adolescentes, así como para sus adultos responsables y terapeutas. El presente artículo da cuenta de los resultados de los aspectos legales que favorecen y dificultan la superación, incorporando las miradas de niños(as), adolescentes y sus adultos a cargo. La investigación utiliza metodología cualitativa, realizándose entrevistas en profundidad a 27 niños, niñas y adolescentes que culminaron de manera exitosa su proceso terapéutico debido a una situación de agresión sexual y a 18 de sus padres o adultos a cargo. Los principales resultados aluden a que ambos grupos coinciden en visualizar el actuar del sistema judicial como obstaculizador de sus procesos de superación, realizándose distinciones solo en los casos en los cuales los resultados de estas acciones culminan con la condena del agresor, lo que es visualizado positivamente, como protector. Se discuten las implicancias prácticas para el sistema judicial y para las intervenciones psicosociales en estos casos

Narrativas de terapeutas sobre el proceso de cambio psicoterapéutico en niños, niñas y adolescentes que han sido víctimas de agresiones sexuales

The purpose of this study is to understand how psychotherapists perceive the process of change in psychotherapy in children and/or adolescents who have been victims of sexual abuse and the influence therapeutic alliance has on this treatment. A qualitative research study was carried out through 24 in-depth interviews with psychologists, analysed from a narrative analysis framework. The results of this study highlight that the change in psychotherapy is gradual and progressive and develops in different stages: an initial one of connection with the therapeutic space, an intermediate stage of giving new meanings to their abusive experience and a final stage consolidating the changes. In each of these stages, the therapeutic alliance influences in different ways; it is essential in the process of psychotherapeutic change. The implications of these findings for child and adolescent clinical work are stressed by highlighting therapists' narratives.El objetivo del presente estudio es comprender cómo los/as psicólogos/as tratantes visualizan el proceso de cambio en psicoterapia con niños/as y/o adolescentes que han sido víctimas de agresiones sexuales y la influencia que tiene la alianza terapéutica en este tratamiento. Se llevó a cabo una investigación cualitativa, realizando 24 entrevistas en profundidad a psicólogos/as, las cuales fueron analizadas desde un marco de análisis narrativo. A partir de los resultados de este estudio, se destaca que el cambio en psicoterapia constituye un proceso gradual y progresivo que se desarrolla en diferentes fases; una inicial de vinculación con el espacio terapéutico, una intermedia de resignificación de la experiencia abusiva y una final de consolidación de cambios. En cada una de estas fases, la alianza terapéutica influye de distintas maneras, siendo esencial en el proceso de cambio psicoterapéutico. Se relevan las implicancias de estos resultados para la labor clínica infanto-juvenil, destacando las narrativas de los/as terapeutas.This research was funded by the U-INICIA Grant strengthening productive integration of new academics, Vice Presidency of Research and Development, University of Chile, the U-INICIA project 5/0612 and the academic productivity support programme PROA VID 2015, University of Chile