Planos de vida e manejo do mundo. Cosmopolítica do desenvolvimento indígena na Amazônia colombiana

No contexto das reformas produzidas na Colômbia pela Constituição de 1991, principalmente com relação ao processo de formulação de Planos de Vida, este artigo descreve e analisa o uso cosmopolítico que a Associação de Capitães Indígenas do Rio Pirá-paraná (ACAIPI) –Amazônia colombiana– tem dado ao seu conceito de “calendário ecológico”. Por um lado, este conceito local é usado para reivindicar e negociar a forma de vida indígena frente aos atores do Estado e, por outro, é usado de maneira distinta nas articulações políticas com organizações indígenas brasileiras, visando retroalimentar experiências diferentes e buscar pontos em comum para consolidar o manejo autônomo dos seus territórios

Aulas virtuales: ¿Desarrollo pedagógico y didáctico o avance tecnológico?

El presente artículo analiza la implementación de las TIC´s en espacios educativos desde la perspectiva pedagógica y didáctica. Para ello se realizó una revisión de documentos que incluyó aspectos legales relacionados con la normatividad vigente sobre el tema, así como libros y artículos propios del proceso enseñanza-aprendizaje en aulas virtuales dando preponderancia a aquellos que incluían temáticas relacionadas con la pedagogía y la didáctica. En este orden de ideas este escrito hace un razonamiento en cuanto a la utilización del Modelo Constructivista en este tipo de proceso educativo, el cual fomenta el aprendizaje autónomo en el diseño implementación y evaluación de las aulas virtuales. Como conclusión del artículo se propone que el proceso de aprendizaje en ambientes virtuales exige la organización del proceso educativo desde un referente pedagógico más que desde la perspectiva tecnológica. Es decir, es necesario tener claro y definido los objetivos del aprendizaje, la planificación de las actividades educativas, el papel del docente y del estudiante y realizar evaluaciones permanentes a los diferentes componentes del proceso educativo.This article discusses implementation of ICT in educational activities from the pedagogical and educational perspective. For that purpose a review of documents including legal aspects related to the current regulations on the subject as well as books and articles pertaining to the learning process in virtual classrooms with emphasis on those involving issues related to pedagogy and didactics. In this vein this paper makes a point about the use of the constructivist model in this type of educational process, which encourages independent learning in the design, implementation and evaluation of virtual classrooms. In conclusion the article suggests that the learning process in virtual environments requires the organization of the educational process from a pedagogical reference rather than from a technological perspective. That is, you must have clearly defined learning objectives, planning educational activities, the role of teacher and student and ongoing assessments of the different components of the educational process

Disgust, conservatism and influenza prevention: An embodied cognition approach to health attitudes and intentions

Background: Recent studies demonstrated that a disgust reaction, which evolved as an instinctive response to protect one’s body from potential contaminants, affects judgments about morality and sexuality through embodied linkages between the concepts of cleanliness, physical purity, and moral purity. Therefore, disgust sensitivity and sexual and social conservatism – favoring traditional social norms in the face of external forces for change – might affect attitudes towards protective health behaviors and political support for health protection efforts. However, no studies have looked at these linkages in a public health context like infectious disease prevention. Statement of public health relevance: Intentionally triggering a disgust reaction might prove an effective communication strategy for health behavior change interventions. Future research might focus on testing the fit between different disgust triggers and specific public health issues. Methods: Forty-three literate, English-speaking adults were randomized (1:1) to cleanliness prime – exposure to hand sanitizer – or control and shown publicly available influenza statistics illustrated with graphs and figures. The hypotheses were: (1) disgust sensitivity and sexual and social conservatism are positively associated with disgust, perceptions of influenza risk/severity/costs and likelihood of taking preventive measures against influenza, but negatively associated with trust of influenza-related information and likelihood of supporting taxes for influenza prevention; (2) disgust is similarly associated with the other four variables; and (3) hand sanitizer exposure is similarly associated with disgust and the other four variables. Results: Statistically significant results at α = 0.05 were observed for the first two of the three study hypotheses with the pilot sample size (N = 43). Post hoc analyses showed significant results for: (1) correlations between indexes for disgust sensitivity with disgust, perceptions of influenza risk/severity/costs and likelihood of taking preventive action against influenza; and (2) correlations between indexes for sexual and social conservatism with disgust and likelihood of supporting taxes for influenza prevention. Conclusions: Disgust sensitivity and sexual and social conservatism were both correlated with disgust, while disgust sensitivity was correlated with perceptions of influenza risk/severity/costs and likelihood of taking preventive action against influenza, and sexual and social conservatism was correlated with likelihood of supporting influenza prevention taxes. However, exposure to hand sanitizer did not produce the hypothesized responses