Le « meitheal »

Les auteurs analysent des expériences de formation initiale d’enseignants du primaire : le rôle déterminant du groupe multiculturel de pairs et des modules intensifs axés sur un projet d’élaboration et d’expérimentation de matériel pédagogique ; les apports et les limites – coût, absence de validation par les institutions d’origine

Traitement de l'oestrose ovine. I. Essais réalisés avec le Nitroxynil

Les auteurs ont étudié l'activité du Nitroxynil sur quarante moutons atteints d'oestrose ovine. De ces essais, ils concluent à une excellente efficacité du médicament à la dose de 20 mg/kg. Un seul traitement est suffisant pour provoquer la guérison des animaux et aucun phénomène de toxicité n'a été observé à la posologie étudié

Traitement de l'oestrose ovine. II. Essais réalisés avec le Rafoxanide

Les auteurs ont étudié l'action du Rafoxanide dans l'oestrose ovine. Les résultats exprimés en pourcentage d'activité, montrent une excellente efficacité du produit dès la dose de 7,5 mg/kg. Un seul traitement est suffisant pour provoquer la guérison des animaux et aucun phénomène de toxicité n'a été observé à la posologie étudié

Benchopt: Reproducible, efficient and collaborative optimization benchmarks

Numerical validation is at the core of machine learning research as it allows to assess the actual impact of new methods, and to confirm the agreement between theory and practice. Yet, the rapid development of the field poses several challenges: researchers are confronted with a profusion of methods to compare, limited transparency and consensus on best practices, as well as tedious re-implementation work. As a result, validation is often very partial, which can lead to wrong conclusions that slow down the progress of research. We propose Benchopt, a collaborative framework to automate, reproduce and publish optimization benchmarks in machine learning across programming languages and hardware architectures. Benchopt simplifies benchmarking for the community by providing an off-the-shelf tool for running, sharing and extending experiments. To demonstrate its broad usability, we showcase benchmarks on three standard learning tasks: $\ell_2$-regularized logistic regression, Lasso, and ResNet18 training for image classification. These benchmarks highlight key practical findings that give a more nuanced view of the state-of-the-art for these problems, showing that for practical evaluation, the devil is in the details. We hope that Benchopt will foster collaborative work in the community hence improving the reproducibility of research findings.Comment: Accepted in proceedings of NeurIPS 22; Benchopt library documentation is available at https://benchopt.github.io

I see so I feel : coping with workplace violence among victims and witnesses

BACKGROUND: Workplace violence is a serious concern for workers’ mental health and well-being in high risk work sectors. OBJECTIVE: This study examined victims’ and witnesses’ experiences after exposure to workplace violence, and the types of helps they used to cope with the violent event. METHODS: Workers (n = 211) from five different work sectors participated in our study. Multiple mediation analysis was used to investigate the indirect effects through psychological and work consequences on victims’ vs. witnesses’ differential likelihood of using formal, paraformal and informal helping. RESULTS: Results showed that workplace violence has detrimental effects on both victims and witnesses, with direct victims were more negatively affected psychologically and at work than witnesses. The indirect effect through psychological difficulty after experiencing workplace violence was significant in predicting formal helping. The indirect effect through reduced work functioning in predicting paraformal helping was also significant. No significant indirect effect was found in predicting informal helping. CONCLUSIONS: Both victims and witnesses used multiple types of helping to cope with the violent event. This study has practical implications on management and clinical practices for better organizations of resources in helping victims and witnesses to cope with workplace violence

The FANCM:p.Arg658* truncating variant is associated with risk of triple-negative breast cancer

Abstract: Breast cancer is a common disease partially caused by genetic risk factors. Germline pathogenic variants in DNA repair genes BRCA1, BRCA2, PALB2, ATM, and CHEK2 are associated with breast cancer risk. FANCM, which encodes for a DNA translocase, has been proposed as a breast cancer predisposition gene, with greater effects for the ER-negative and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) subtypes. We tested the three recurrent protein-truncating variants FANCM:p.Arg658*, p.Gln1701*, and p.Arg1931* for association with breast cancer risk in 67,112 cases, 53,766 controls, and 26,662 carriers of pathogenic variants of BRCA1 or BRCA2. These three variants were also studied functionally by measuring survival and chromosome fragility in FANCM−/− patient-derived immortalized fibroblasts treated with diepoxybutane or olaparib. We observed that FANCM:p.Arg658* was associated with increased risk of ER-negative disease and TNBC (OR = 2.44, P = 0.034 and OR = 3.79; P = 0.009, respectively). In a country-restricted analysis, we confirmed the associations detected for FANCM:p.Arg658* and found that also FANCM:p.Arg1931* was associated with ER-negative breast cancer risk (OR = 1.96; P = 0.006). The functional results indicated that all three variants were deleterious affecting cell survival and chromosome stability with FANCM:p.Arg658* causing more severe phenotypes. In conclusion, we confirmed that the two rare FANCM deleterious variants p.Arg658* and p.Arg1931* are risk factors for ER-negative and TNBC subtypes. Overall our data suggest that the effect of truncating variants on breast cancer risk may depend on their position in the gene. Cell sensitivity to olaparib exposure, identifies a possible therapeutic option to treat FANCM-associated tumors