392 research outputs found
The impact of cataract surgey on vision-related quality of life for bilateral cataract patients in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam: a prospective study
BACKGROUND: To determine the impact of cataract surgery on vision-related quality of life (VRQOL) and examine the association between objective visual measures and change in VRQOL after surgery among bilateral cataract patients in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. METHODS: A cohort of older patients with bilateral cataract was assessed one week before and one to three months after first eye or both eye cataract surgery. Visual measures including visual acuity, contrast sensitivity and stereopsis were obtained. Vision-related quality of life was assessed using the NEI VFQ-25. Descriptive analyses and a generalized linear estimating equation (GEE) analysis were undertaken to measure change in VRQOL after surgery. RESULTS: Four hundred and thirteen patients were assessed before cataract surgery and 247 completed the follow-up assessment one to three months after first or both eye cataract surgery. Overall, VRQOL significantly improved after cataract surgery (p < 0.001) particularly after both eye surgeries. Binocular contrast sensitivity (p < 0.001) and stereopsis (p < 0.001) were also associated with change in VRQOL after cataract surgery. Visual acuity was not associated with VRQOL. CONCLUSIONS: Cataract surgery significantly improved VRQOL among bilateral cataract patients in Vietnam. Contrast sensitivity as well as stereopsis, rather than visual acuity significantly affected VRQOL after cataract surgery
Lepton Masses from a TeV Scale in a 3-3-1 Model
In this work, using the fact that in 3-3-1 models the same leptonic bilinear
contributes to the masses of both charged leptons and neutrinos, we develop an
effective operator mechanism to generate mass for all leptons. The effective
operators have dimension five for the case of charged leptons and dimension
seven for neutrinos. By adding extra scalar multiplets and imposing the
discrete symmetry we are able to generate realistic textures
for the leptonic mixing matrix. This mechanism requires new physics at the TeV
scale.Comment: RevTex, 13 pages. Extended version to be published in Physical Review
Добро пожаловать на работу в Тайване! Исследование возможностей трудоустройства иностранных студентов
Introduction. Employment plays an important role in vocational development. However, not many studies of job search among international students have been reported. Aim. The current study aims to examine the relationship between self-efficacy, behavioural intentions, and perceived discrimination in the field of job search (JS). Methodology and research methods. The authors used Social Cognitive Model of Career Self-management (CSM) as the theoretical background to explain the relationships among the constructs of self-efficacy, behavioural intentions and perceived discrimination in JS. The study was conducted in a Chinese cultural context (Taiwan) with a sample of 301 international students from Southeast Asian countries. Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was used to test the model about the relationships between the three variables in the study. Results and scientific novelty. The research findings show that self-efficacy strongly predicts behavioural intentions. Besides, self-efficacy partly mediates the influence of perceived discrimination on behavioural intentions. A quantitative research method was applied to investigate the population of international students, which has not been much reported in previous studies. This indicates that the influence of a contextual factor (e.g. perceived discrimination) on behavioural intentions is direct and indirect through self-efficacy. Practical significance. The research findings can be used by practitioners for enhancing self-efficacy and behavioural intentions as well as helping international students to cope with discrimination in the JS process.Введение. Трудоустройство играет важную роль в профессиональном развитии. Однако опубликовано не так много исследований по поиску работы иностранными студентами. Цель. Настоящее исследование направлено на изучение взаимосвязи между самоэффективностью, поведенческими намерениями и предполагаемой дискриминацией в области поиска работы. Методология и методы исследования. Авторы использовали социально-когнитивную модель карьерного самоуправления в качестве теоретической основы для объяснения связей между конструкциями самоэффективности, поведенческих намерений и предполагаемой дискриминации в области поиска работы. Исследование проводилось в китайском культурном контексте (Тайвань) с участием 301 иностранного студента из стран Юго-Восточной Азии. Моделирование структурных уравнений использовалось для проверки модели взаимосвязи между тремя переменными в исследовании. Результаты и научная новизна. Результаты проведенной работы показывают, что самоэффективность с большой степенью вероятности предсказывает поведенческие намерения. Кроме того, она частично опосредует влияние воспринимаемой дискриминации на поведенческие намерения. Авторы применили метод количественного исследования для изучения контингента иностранных студентов, о котором не так много сообщалось в предыдущих работах. Выяснилось, что влияние контекстуального фактора (например, предполагаемой дискриминации) на поведенческие намерения является прямым и косвенным посредством самоэффективности. Практическая значимость. Результаты настоящего исследования могут быть использованы специалистами для повышения самоэффективности и поведенческих намерений иностранных студентов, а также для оказания им помощи в преодолении дискриминации в процессе поиска работы.The authors would like to thank the students for their time and participation.Авторы выражают благодарность студентам за уделенное время и участие в исследовании
Finding needles in haystacks: linking scientific names, reference specimens and molecular data for Fungi
DNA phylogenetic comparisons have shown that morphology-based species recognition often underestimates fungal diversity. Therefore, the need for accurate DNA sequence data, tied to both correct taxonomic names and clearly annotated specimen data, has never been greater. Furthermore, the growing number of molecular ecology and microbiome projects using high-throughput sequencing require fast and effective methods for en masse species assignments. In this article, we focus on selecting and re-annotating a set of marker reference sequences that represent each currently accepted order of Fungi. The particular focus is on sequences from the internal transcribed spacer region in the nuclear ribosomal cistron, derived from type specimens and/or ex-type cultures. Re-annotated and verified sequences were deposited in a curated public database at the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), namely the RefSeq Targeted Loci (RTL) database, and will be visible during routine sequence similarity searches with NR_prefixed accession numbers. A set of standards and protocols is proposed to improve the data quality of new sequences, and we suggest how type and other reference sequences can be used to improve identification of Fungi
The Muon Anomalous Magnetic Moment and the Standard Model
The muon anomalous magnetic moment measurement, when compared with theory,
can be used to test many extensions to the standard model. The most recent
measurement made by the Brookhaven E821 Collaboration reduces the uncertainty
on the world average of a_mu to 0.7 ppm, comparable in precision to theory.
This paper describes the experiment and the current theoretical efforts to
establish a correct standard model reference value for the muon anomaly.Comment: Plenary Talk; PANIC'02 XVI Particles and Nuclear International
Conference, Osaka, Japan; Sept. 30 - Oct. 4, 2002; Report describes the
published 0.7 ppm result and updates the theory statu
Search for Lorentz and CPT Violation Effects in Muon Spin Precession
The spin precession frequency of muons stored in the storage ring has
been analyzed for evidence of Lorentz and CPT violation. Two Lorentz and CPT
violation signatures were searched for: a nonzero
(=); and a sidereal variation of
. No significant effect is found, and the following
limits on the standard-model extension parameters are obtained: GeV; GeV; and the 95% confidence level limits
GeV and
GeV.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, submitted to Physical Review Letters, Modified to
answer the referees suggestion
An Improved Limit on the Muon Electric Dipole Moment
Three independent searches for an electric dipole moment (EDM) of the
positive and negative muons have been performed, using spin precession data
from the muon g-2 storage ring at Brookhaven National Laboratory. Details on
the experimental apparatus and the three analyses are presented. Since the
individual results on the positive and negative muon, as well as the combined
result, d=-0.1(0.9)E-19 e-cm, are all consistent with zero, we set a new muon
EDM limit, |d| < 1.9E-19 e-cm (95% C.L.). This represents a factor of 5
improvement over the previous best limit on the muon EDM.Comment: 19 pages, 15 figures, 7 table
Search for Lorentz and CPT Violation Effects in Muon Spin Precession
The spin precession frequency of muons stored in the storage ring has
been analyzed for evidence of Lorentz and CPT violation. Two Lorentz and CPT
violation signatures were searched for: a nonzero
(=); and a sidereal variation of
. No significant effect is found, and the following
limits on the standard-model extension parameters are obtained: GeV; GeV; and the 95% confidence level limits
GeV and
GeV.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, submitted to Physical Review Letters, Modified to
answer the referees suggestion
Final Report of the Muon E821 Anomalous Magnetic Moment Measurement at BNL
We present the final report from a series of precision measurements of the
muon anomalous magnetic moment, a_mu = (g-2)/2. The details of the experimental
method, apparatus, data taking, and analysis are summarized. Data obtained at
Brookhaven National Laboratory, using nearly equal samples of positive and
negative muons, were used to deduce a_mu(Expt) = 11 659 208.0(5.4)(3.3) x
10^-10, where the statistical and systematic uncertainties are given,
respectively. The combined uncertainty of 0.54 ppm represents a 14-fold
improvement compared to previous measurements at CERN. The standard model value
for a_mu includes contributions from virtual QED, weak, and hadronic processes.
While the QED processes account for most of the anomaly, the largest
theoretical uncertainty, ~0.55 ppm, is associated with first-order hadronic
vacuum polarization. Present standard model evaluations, based on e+e- hadronic
cross sections, lie 2.2 - 2.7 standard deviations below the experimental
result.Comment: Summary paper of E821 Collaboration measurements of the muon
anomalous magnetic moment, each reported earlier in Letters or Brief Reports;
96 pages, 41 figures, 16 tables. Revised version submitted to PR
Measurement of the Negative Muon Anomalous Magnetic Moment to 0.7 ppm
The anomalous magnetic moment of the negative muon has been measured to a
precision of 0.7 parts per million (ppm) at the Brookhaven Alternating Gradient
Synchrotron. This result is based on data collected in 2001, and is over an
order of magnitude more precise than the previous measurement of the negative
muon. The result a_mu= 11 659 214(8)(3) \times 10^{-10} (0.7 ppm), where the
first uncertainty is statistical and the second is sytematic, is consistend
with previous measurements of the anomaly for the positive and negative muon.
The average for the muon anomaly a_{mu}(exp) = 11 659 208(6) \times 10^{-10}
(0.5ppm).Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Physical Review Letters, revised to
reflect referee comments. Text further revised to reflect additional referee
comments and a corrected Fig. 3 replaces the older versio
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