Detection of Anti-Helicopacter pylori IgG Antibody, Anti-GAD antibody, Anti-Beta islets cell in a sample of serum with type-2 Diabetes mellitus patients

We have investigated twenty five patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus aged (35-60) years and fifteen healthy persons as control group to detect Anti-Helicobacter pylori IgG antibody. All studied groups were carried out to measure fasting blood sugar, anti- Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), anti-? islets cells antibody by IFAT, Anti-H. pylori IgG antibody by ELISA technique. There was significant elevation in the concentration of fasting blood sugar than in control group (P < 0.05), the patients had negative results for anti-GAD antibody and anti- ? islets cells antibody, there were significant differences (P < 0.05) of anti-H. pylori IgG antibody in 28 % of patients had type-2 diabetes than control group. This lead to suggestion that type -2 diabetes mellitus patients are more susceptible to H. pylori

A raster-based GIS analysis of the cumulative impacts of humans and beaver on wetland area and types in the Chickahominy River watershed (Virginia, USA) from 1953 to 1994

Despite increased recognition of wetland functions and values, wetland loss and degradation continues in the United States. Digital wetlands and uplands coverages were analyzed to compare the cumulative impacts of humans and beaver (Castor canadensis) on wetland types in the Chickahominy River watershed (Virginia, USA) from 1953 to 1994. A vector-based approach was used for data manipulation, and a raster-based approach was chosen to analyze geographic change over time. Study findings indicated that anthropogenic activities were responsible for both wetland loss and gain in the watershed, and beavers substantially influenced shifting between wetland types. Wetland area increased 4% over 41 years

Issues of gender, reflexivity and positionality in the field of disability : researching visual impairment in an Arab society

This article examines how the social and cultural context influence the way in which field research methods are utilized. Research methods need to be modified to meet the sensibilities and sensitivities of particular social groups and settings. Through a reflexive analysis of a research study on the lives of visually impaired young people and adults in Bahrain, this article discusses how gender, religion and culture need to be taken account of. It also discusses how the research process needed to take account of the participants’ disabilities. It examines the issues of research access, informed consent, researcher’s dress, confidentiality, research location, and time. It highlights how the gender of the researcher was constraining in some gender segregated educational settings in a Muslim society. The article engages with the researcher’s positionality through reflexive discussion

Platinum nanoparticles in photothermal therapy of cancer cells

Noble nanoparticles are potential photothermal therapy agents, due to their properties, such as ability to modify particle surface chemistry, and efficient light-to-heat conversion. In this work, we study the possible application of platinum nanoparticles as agents in photothermal therapy, their uptake, and toxicological response in the human ovarian cancer cell line (SK-OV-3) by flow cytometry. No oxidative stress, or toxicological response of the platinum nanoparticles was observed in the cells. Laser irradiation revealed photothermal destruction of SK-OV-3 cells exposed to 70 nm platinum nanoparticles at power density 45 W/cm2 after 5 minutes using an 808 near infrared laser

A New Approach to Flatness, Horizon and Late-time Accelerating Expansion Problems on the basis of Mach Principle

Based on the idea that the components of a cosmological metric may be determined by the total gravitational potential of the universe, the scalar field {\phi} = 1/G in the Jordan-Brans-Dicke (JBD) theory is introduced as evolving with the inverse square of the scale factor. Since the gravitational potential is related to the field {\phi} resulting from Mach principle and depends on time due to the expansion of space, this temporal evolution of the field should be in accord with the evolution of time and space intervals in the metric tensor. For the same reason, the time dependence of the field makes these comoving intervals relative for different points on the time axis. Thus, it has been shown that introduction of the cosmic gravitational potential as a time dependent scalar field which decreases with 1/a2 in the coordinate-transformed Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) spacetime, may resolve flatness, horizon and late-time accelerating expansion problems in the standard model of cosmology. The luminosity distance vs redshift data of Type Ia supernovae is in agreement with this approach.Comment: 7 page

Perculiarities of calculation slot joints in one-sided machine mechanisms

Приводи односторонньої дії застосовуються в механізмах приводів малих переміщень металорізальних апаратів, транспортно-технологічних систем, сільськогосподарських і піднімально-транспортних машин, мотоциклів, велосипедів тощо. Розроблено й наведено приводи односторонньої дії гнучких трубчастих конвеєрів і пристроїв для регулювання положення довбальних різців при нарізуванні внутрішніх гвинтових шліцьових канавок. Наведено також конструкцію кулькового шліцьового з’єднання (КШЗ) односторонньої дії, що забезпечує більшу чутливість механізму і значно менші зусилля осьового переміщення за рахунок використання тіл кочення й підвищення їх надійності та експлуатаційної довговічності. Основними конструктивними елементами КШЗ є бігові доріжки, які виконані у вигляді кільцевих канавок під кульки або ролики. Наведено методику розрахунку КШЗ для визначення міцності поверхонь вала і втулки за умови контактних напружень.Creation of new type machines and mechanisms of transporting-technological systems and their drives promotes the further development of production due to the improvement of their design, raising of labour productivity and operating reliability. Drives of the machine transporting-technological systems are characterized by the variety of constructions and technologiеs of their production, the characteristic of functioning and operating perculiarities. Among them drives are of special importance, which, acсording to their functional purpose, must provide the torgue transmission only in one direction, and in the other one – joining and transporting elements lock. Such drives are used in the small displacement drive mechanisms of metal-cutting devices, transporting technological systems, agreecultural and elevating-transporting machines, motocycles, bikes, etc. One-sided drives of flexible tube conveyer and the device for adjustment of the slotting cutters location while cutting the inside screw slot grooves, have been developed. The construction of the one-sided ball slot joint (BSJ), which provides better mechanism sensitivity and small enough forces of the axial displacement due to the usuge of the rolling bodies and raising their reliability and operating durability, has been presented. The main construction BSJ elements are bearing races, which are made as the ring slot for the balls or rolls. The rolling elements in these joints must provide two importants functions: decrease of the axial displacement force and joining elements lock while reversing. The method of the BSJ calculation for determination of the shaft and bush surface strength under contact strain, has been presented. To increase the BSJ loading ability it is reasonable to use elements, which would provide mach more contact areaon the side surfaces of the one-sided driving shaft and to use high-guality steels for their production

Using Pollution Indexes to Assessment of Heavy Metals Pollution in Highway – Side Soils around Baghdad City

Assessment of heavy metal pollutants: Cd, Pb, Zn and Ni was conducted for Soils in surrounding highway of Baghdad city, evaluate the relation between heavy metals concentration in soil, and study effect of distance from pollution source. Study area was including high express way surrounded Baghdad city, in 43 km distance approximately. Four pollution indexes had been used enrichment factor ratios (EF), contamination factor (CF), pollution load index (PLI) and geoaccumulation index (Igeo) methods, to assessment of heavy metals pollution for these Soils. Results showed that heavy metals concentrations in soil samples took the order of Ni &gt; Zn &gt; Pb &gt; Cd and all was higher than their concentration in comparison soils. The EF and PLI values decreased with increasing distance away of the highway edges for both sides with random distribution in some locations. This indicated to the affected soils of near sites of 1.5 and 10 m from road sides by emitted gases from vehicles exhausts that used the road. The CF values of Cd, Pb, Zn and Ni for all studied soils ranged of lower – moderately polluted (1 &gt; CF – 3 &gt; CF ≥ 1). All values of Igeo were within the range 1 &gt; Igeo ≥ 0 considered as values ranged between non-pollution – moderately pollution, thus the contribution of geo source supplying with heavy metals was in the lower level. Results indicated that heavy metals concentrations appeared through pollution indexes calculations (EF, CF, PLI and Igeo) were from human activities (anthropogenic source), which support assumption of those soils affected by gases emitted from vehicle exhausts or other human activities. Key words: Heavy metal contamination, roadside soils, enrichment factors, contamination factor, pollution load index, geoaccumulation index, Baghdad, Iraq, AAS

Gender, disability and Islam: living with visual impairment in Bahrain

This thesis addresses how interpretations of Islam in an Arab society shape the lives and experiences of young people with visual impairments. The study explores the understanding of disability and of visual impairment in particular, through an analysis of the interface and interplay of gender, culture, religion and disability in an Islamic society and the way in which these influence people's lives. It also analyses the ways in which the teachings of Islam are interpreted in relation to both disability and gender by policy makers and individuals. This topic is approached through a case study of people living with visual impairment in Bahrain. The data was collected through narrative interviews with users, semi-structured interviews with service providers and policy makers, and focus groups _with teachers. Some documentary analysis and observations were also undertaken. Within disability studies, the medical and social models of disability are well established and are being increasingly considered together, in a rational model in order to deal with impairment more judiciously. Diversity, in terms of to what extent these models are applicable or transferable to other cultures and societies, is a neglected area that this thesis addresses. The argument of this thesis is that in Bahrain, Islamic teachings are interpreted to promote a compassionate and charitable approach to people with disabilities which, in some ways, is congruent with the medical model of disability. Segregated specialist educational provision is provided, with limited inclusion in the sixth form, university and in adult life. Owing to Islamic interpretations of gender segregation, visually impaired girls and young women experience the intersection of gender and disability in ways that disadvantage them more than visually impaired boys and young men. Because of their gender and impairment they experience a double jeopardy. It is argued that there is the potential for Islamic teachings to be interpreted to support further social inclusion of disabled people with a focus on a rights-based approach

The Effect of Electricity Load Management on the Operations of Small and Medium Enterprises: A Case Study of La-Nkwantanang Madina Municipality

Ghana has been experiencing frequent power cuts over the last ten years.  The need to expand and diversify its generation capacity in order to improve supply security is key for development. This study explored the effects of electricity load management on the operation of small-scale enterprises, and examined the effectiveness of these enterprises’ coping mechanisms. A cross–sectional survey design was adopted as well as the mixed approach research design. A total of 152 small scale traders were sampled from Madina in La-Nkwantanang Municipality in the Greater Accra Region. The study depicted that the recent load management is having adverse effect on the profitability of many SMEs owing to the coping mechanism measures such as retrenchment of workers, working at night, reduction in workers’ salaries and use of generators they have adopted to lessen the impact of the frequent load management reported less effectiveness in resolving the challenges posed by load management. This paper advocate that, government should invest in solar energy to be a substitute power supply to the country during the dry season where there is constant sunlight which obviously will also reduce pressure on electricity plants. Broken and unbroken but old plants can be fixed or replaced by VRA and ECG to enable them work effectively as well as explore other energy technologies such as the thermal energy and the wind energy to restore constant power supply. Keywords: electricity load management, small and medium enterprises DOI: 10.7176/RJFA/10-2-0