77 research outputs found
Social support for women who are abused in heterosexual relationships.
Previous studies of social support for abused women have reported both supportive and unsupportive responses from friends and relatives to disclosures of abuse. Little attention has been paid to factors that influence such support. The present study examined influences on social support for abused women and on how it was evaluated. Of particular interest was the impact of the confidants\u27 experiences of abuse. Other potential influences included the abused women\u27s and their confidants\u27 attributions for the abuse, the confidants\u27 attitude toward abuse and loyalty to the abusive partner, the prior relationship history of the confidants and the abused women, and the abused women\u27s beliefs about help-seeking. Three hundred and six female undergraduates completed extensive surveys assessing their experiences of abuse, disclosure, and social support, as well as their experiences with other women\u27s disclosures of abuse and their responses. Factors influencing social support and the evaluation of support were identified through regression analyses. When women disclose abuse that was verbal in nature, the tendency toward unsupportive responses n increased if their chosen confidant had experienced more severe abuse. This finding suggests that the disparity in experiences of abuse has deleterious effects on social support for abused women. Moreover, the shared experiences of abuse do not necessarily facilitate supportive responses to disclosures. Other impediments to effective social support included the confidants\u27 loyalty to women\u27s abusive partners and a history of conflict with the confidants. Confidants\u27 and women\u27s attributions for their abuse also influenced the evaluation of support. Suggestions for future studies of social support for abused women and for interventions based on the findings of the present study are presented.Dept. of Psychology. Paper copy at Leddy Library: Theses & Major Papers - Basement, West Bldg. / Call Number: Thesis1997 .D86. Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 59-08, Section: B, page: 4535. Adviser: Charlene Y. Senn. Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Windsor (Canada), 1997
Strong Lens Models for 37 Clusters of Galaxies from the SDSS Giant Arcs Survey
We present strong gravitational lensing models for 37 galaxy clusters from
the SDSS Giant Arcs Survey. We combine data from multi-band Hubble Space
Telescope WFC3imaging, with ground-based imaging and spectroscopy from
Magellan, Gemini, APO, and MMT, in order to detect and spectroscopically
confirm new multiply-lensed background sources behind the clusters. We report
spectroscopic or photometric redshifts of sources in these fields, including
cluster galaxies and background sources. Based on all available lensing
evidence, we construct and present strong lensing mass models for these galaxy
clusters.Comment: 53 pages; submitted to ApJ
Lens Model and Source Reconstruction Reveal the Morphology and Star Formation Distribution in the Cool Spiral LIRG SGAS J143845.1145407
We present () imaging and grism spectroscopy
of a strongly lensed LIRG at , SGAS 143845.1145407, and use the
magnification boost of gravitational lensing to study the distribution of star
formation throughout this galaxy. Based on the imaging data, we create a
lens model for this system; we compute the mass distribution and magnification
map of the foreground lens. We find that the magnification of the
lensed galaxy ranges between and , with a total magnification (measured
over all the images of the source) of . We find that
the total projected mass density within kpc of the brightest cluster
galaxy is . Using the lens model we
create a source reconstruction for SGAS 143845.1145407, which paired with a
faint detection of H in the grism spectroscopy, allows us to finally
comment directly on the distribution of star formation in a LIRG. We
find widespread star formation across this galaxy, in agreement with the
current understanding of these objects. However, we note a deficit of H
emission in the nucleus of SGAS 143845.1145407, likely due to dust
extinction.Comment: 7 pages, 8 figures, 2 table
An ALMA Search for Substructure, Fragmentation, and Hidden Protostars in Starless Cores in Chamaeleon I
We present an Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) 106 GHz
(Band 3) continuum survey of the complete population of dense cores in the
Chamaeleon I molecular cloud. We detect a total of 24 continuum sources in 19
different target fields. All previously known Class 0 and Class I protostars in
Chamaeleon I are detected, whereas all of the 56 starless cores in our sample
are undetected. We show that the Spitzer+Herschel census of protostars in
Chamaeleon I is complete, with the rate at which protostellar cores have been
misclassified as starless cores calculated as <1/56, or < 2%. We use synthetic
observations to show that starless cores collapsing following the turbulent
fragmentation scenario are detectable by our ALMA observations when their
central densities exceed ~10^8 cm^-3, with the exact density dependent on the
viewing geometry. Bonnor-Ebert spheres, on the other hand, remain undetected to
central densities at least as high as 10^10 cm^-3. Our starless core
non-detections are used to infer that either the star formation rate is
declining in Chamaeleon I and most of the starless cores are not collapsing,
matching the findings of previous studies, or that the evolution of starless
cores are more accurately described by models that develop less substructure
than predicted by the turbulent fragmentation scenario, such as Bonnor-Ebert
spheres. We outline future work necessary to distinguish between these two
possibilities.Comment: Accepted by Ap
Stakeholder-driven development and implementation of CRICIT: an app to support high-quality data capture and protocol monitoring for outpatient clinical trials with vulnerable populations
Abstract
Introduction:Choosing an appropriate electronic data capture system (EDC) is a critical decision for all randomized controlled trials (RCT). In this paper, we document our process for developing and implementing an EDC for a multisite RCT evaluating the efficacy and implementation of an enhanced primary care model for individuals with opioid use disorder who are returning to the community from incarceration.
Methods:Informed by the Knowledge-to-Action conceptual framework and user-centered design principles, we used Claris Filemaker software to design and implement CRICIT, a novel EDC that could meet the varied needs of the many stakeholders involved in our study.
Results:CRICIT was deployed in May 2021 and has been continuously iterated and adapted since. CRICIT’s features include extensive participant tracking capabilities, site-specific adaptability, integrated randomization protocols, and the ability to generate both site-specific and study-wide summary reports.
Conclusions:CRICIT is highly customizable, adaptable, and secure. Its implementation has enhanced the quality of the study’s data, increased fidelity to a complicated research protocol, and reduced research staff’s administrative burden. CRICIT and similar systems have the potential to streamline research activities and contribute to the efficient collection and utilization of clinical research data
Multi-ancestry Mendelian randomization of omics traits revealing drug targets of COVID-19 severity
BACKGROUND: Recent omic studies prioritised several drug targets associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) severity. However, little evidence was provided to systematically estimate the effect of drug targets on COVID-19 severity in multiple ancestries. METHODS: In this study, we applied Mendelian randomization (MR) and colocalization approaches to understand the putative causal effects of 16,059 transcripts and 1608 proteins on COVID-19 severity in European and effects of 610 proteins on COVID-19 severity in African ancestry. We further integrated genetics, clinical and literature evidence to prioritise drug targets. Additional sensitivity analyses including multi-trait colocalization and phenome-wide MR were conducted to test for MR assumptions. FINDINGS: MR and colocalization prioritized four protein targets, FCRL3, ICAM5, ENTPD5 and OAS1 that showed effect on COVID-19 severity in European ancestry. One protein target, SERPINA1 showed a stronger effect in African ancestry but much weaker effect in European ancestry (odds ratio [OR] in Africans=0.369, 95%CI=0.203 to 0.668, P = 9.96 × 10(−4); OR in Europeans=1.021, 95%CI=0.901 to 1.157, P = 0.745), which suggested that increased level of SERPINA1 will reduce COVID-19 risk in African ancestry. One protein, ICAM1 showed suggestive effect on COVID-19 severity in both ancestries (OR in Europeans=1.152, 95%CI=1.063 to 1.249, P = 5.94 × 10(−4); OR in Africans=1.481, 95%CI=1.008 to 2.176; P = 0.045). The OAS1, SERPINA1 and ICAM1 effects were replicated using updated COVID-19 severity data in the two ancestries respectively, where alternative splicing events in OAS1 and ICAM1 also showed marginal effects on COVID-19 severity in Europeans. The phenome-wide MR of the prioritised targets on 622 complex traits provided information on potential beneficial effects on other diseases and suggested little evidence of adverse effects on major complications. INTERPRETATION: Our study identified six proteins as showing putative causal effects on COVID-19 severity. OAS1 and SERPINA1 were targets of existing drugs in trials as potential COVID-19 treatments. ICAM1, ICAM5 and FCRL3 are related to the immune system. Across the six targets, OAS1 has no reliable instrument in African ancestry; SERPINA1, FCRL3, ICAM5 and ENTPD5 showed a different level of putative causal evidence in European and African ancestries, which highlights the importance of more powerful ancestry-specific GWAS and value of multi-ancestry MR in informing the effects of drug targets on COVID-19 across different populations. This study provides a first step towards clinical investigation of beneficial and adverse effects of COVID-19 drug targets. FUNDING: No
Exile Vol. XL No. 1
38th Year
Title Page by Carrie Horner \u2797 i
Epigraph by Ezra Pound ii
Table of Contents iii-iv
Vertigo by Lisa Stillman \u2795 1
Departing Flight by Morgan Roper \u2794 2
Untitled by Lizzie Loud \u2795 3
Marietta by Craig McDonough \u2794 4
Interlaken by Kira A . Pollack \u2794 5
Why Nature Surprises Us by Josh Endicott \u2796 6-7
Untitled by Colin Mack \u2794 7
My Father by Matt Wanat \u2795 8
Legs In The Dust by Alison Stevens \u2795 9-11
Untitled by Lilly Streett \u2794 12
of cigarettes, saltwater and death... by Tricia B. Swearingen \u2794 13
Serendipity by Lizzie Lout \u2795 14
Untitled by Lilly Streett \u2794 15
Summer by Allison Lemieux \u2795 16
And the Rain Fell by Jeremy Aufrance \u2795 17-18
Main Street by Elise Gargarella \u2795 19
Füssen by Morgan Roper \u2794 20
Lightning on the Snow by Matt Wanat \u2795 21
A discussion of 12 year-old murders, of course by Jeremy Aufrance \u2795 22
Get your hands off my hat by Jamie Oliver \u2794 23
The Hero by Sara Sterling Ely \u2796 24-26
Punker Dave by Trevett Allen \u2795 27
still looking for the perfect line by ryan shafer \u2794 28-29
Untitled by Lizzie Loud \u2795 30
Civil War by Katherine Anne Campo \u2794 31
Disposable belief by ryan shafer \u2794 32-33
Schizophrenic Sylvia by Maria Mohiuddin \u2795 34
Excerpts from Revolutions, a novel by Marcu McLaughlin \u2794 35-36
Untitled by Keith Chapman \u2795 37
The Survivors by Kira A. Pollack \u2794 38
Days of Prophecy by Trey Dunham \u2794 39
Untitled by Carrie Horner \u2797 40
What to do by Christopher Harnish \u2794 41
Familiar Stranger by Lisa Stillman \u2795 42-46
Untitled by John Salter \u2797 47
On Meeting Emma by Allison Lemieux \u2795 48
Nude Figure by James Oliver \u2794 49
Tathagata by Leslie Dana Wells \u2794 50
On Fences and My Dogs by Christopher Harnish \u2794 51
Editorial Board 52
Cover, Kira Pollack \u2794 -iv
Editorial decision is shared equally among the Editorial Board. -5
Mass Assembly of Stellar Systems and Their Evolution with the SMA (MASSES)-Full Data Release
We present and release the full dataset for the Mass Assembly of Stellar
Systems and their Evolution with the SMA (MASSES) survey. This survey used the
Submillimeter Array (SMA) to image the 74 known protostars within the Perseus
molecular cloud. The SMA was used in two array configurations to capture
outflows for scales 30 (9000 au) and to probe scales
down to 1 (300 au). The protostars were observed
with the 1.3 mm and 850 m receivers simultaneously to detect continuum at
both wavelengths and molecular line emission from CO(2-1), CO(2-1),
CO(2-1), ND(3-2), CO(3-2), HCO(4-3), and
HCO(4-3). Some of the observations also used the SMA's recently
upgraded correlator, SWARM, whose broader bandwidth allowed for several more
spectral lines to be observed (e.g., SO, HCO, DCO, DCN, CS, CN). Of the
main continuum and spectral tracers observed, 84% of the images and cubes had
emission detected. The median CO(2-1) linewidth is 1.0 km
s, which is slightly higher than those measured with single-dish
telescopes at scales of 3000-20000 au. Of the 74 targets, six are suggested to
be first hydrostatic core candidates, and we suggest that L1451-mm is the best
candidate. We question a previous continuum detection toward L1448 IRS2E. In
the SVS13 system, SVS13A certainly appears to be the most evolved source, while
SVS13C appears to be hotter and more evolved than SVS13B. The MASSES survey is
the largest publicly available interferometric continuum and spectral line
protostellar survey to date, and is largely unbiased as it only targets
protostars in Perseus. All visibility () data and imaged data are publicly
available at https://dataverse.harvard.edu/dataverse/full_MASSES/.Comment: Accepted to ApJ
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