An improved measurement of the Muon Neutrino charged current Quasi-Elastic cross-section on Hydrocarbon at Minerva

Neutrino interactions in the detectors of long baseline oscillation experiments are analyzed to determine the neutrino flavor and energy spectrum, allowing the neutrino mass ordering and mixing parameters to be determined. For neutrino interactions below the pion production threshold, the dominant reaction is charged current quasi-elastic (CCQE) scattering. Oscillation experiments are made of heavy nuclei so the QE process occurs on nucleons that are embedded in the nuclear environment. Predictions of the QE cross-section suffer from significant uncertainties due to our understanding of that nuclear environment and the way it is probed by the weak interaction. I have developed a new technique to reduce the inelastic background to CCQE process by identifying the Michel electrons produced by pions. Additionally an updated neutrino flux was used to extract the cross-section and estimates for some sources of systematic uncertainties have been improved. The measured cross-section is compared to several theoretical models and the effect that the signal definition ( CCQE vs CCQE-like ) has on the measurement is also explored

(2-Amino­phen­yl)(p-tol­yl)methanone

In the title compound, C14H13NO, the two six-membered rings make a dihedral angle of 52.8 (3)°. An intra­molecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bond involving an amine H atom and the adjacent carbonyl O atom occurs. In the crystal, N—H⋯O and C—H⋯N inter­molecular hydrogen bonds are observed, which may be effective in stabilizing the structure

Hierarchy of exchange interactions in the triangular-lattice spin-liquid YbMgGaO4_{4}

The spin-1/2 triangular lattice antiferromagnet YbMgGaO$_{4}$ has attracted recent attention as a quantum spin-liquid candidate with the possible presence of off-diagonal anisotropic exchange interactions induced by spin-orbit coupling. Whether a quantum spin-liquid is stabilized or not depends on the interplay of various exchange interactions with chemical disorder that is inherent to the layered structure of the compound. We combine time-domain terahertz spectroscopy and inelastic neutron scattering measurements in the field polarized state of YbMgGaO$_{4}$ to obtain better microscopic insights on its exchange interactions. Terahertz spectroscopy in this fashion functions as high-field electron spin resonance and probes the spin-wave excitations at the Brillouin zone center, ideally complementing neutron scattering. A global spin-wave fit to all our spectroscopic data at fields over 4T, informed by the analysis of the terahertz spectroscopy linewidths, yields stringent constraints on $g$-factors and exchange interactions. Our results paint YbMgGaO$_{4}$ as an easy-plane XXZ antiferromagnet with the combined and necessary presence of sub-leading next-nearest neighbor and weak anisotropic off-diagonal nearest-neighbor interactions. Moreover, the obtained $g$-factors are substantially different from previous reports. This works establishes the hierarchy of exchange interactions in YbMgGaO$_{4}$ from high-field data alone and thus strongly constrains possible mechanisms responsible for the observed spin-liquid phenomenology

Corrosion of Q235 Carbon Steel in Seawater Containing Mariprofundus ferrooxydans and Thalassospira sp.

Iron-oxidizing bacteria (IOB) and iron-reducing bacteria (IRB) can easily adhere onto carbon steel surface to form biofilm and affect corrosion processes. However, the mechanism of mixed consortium induced carbon steel corrosion is relatively underexplored. In this paper, the adsorptions of IOB (Mariprofundus ferrooxydans, M. f.), IRB (Thalassospira sp., T. sp.) and mixed consortium (M. f. and T. sp.) on surface of Q235 carbon steel and their effects on corrosion in seawater were investigated through surface analysis techniques and electrochemical methods. Results showed that local adhesion is a typical characteristic for biofilm on surface of Q235 carbon steel in M. f. and mixed consortium media, which induces localized corrosion of Q235 carbon steel. Corrosion rates of Q235 carbon steel in different culture media decrease in the order: rM.f. > rmixed consortium > rT.sp. > rsterile. The evolution of corrosion rate along with time decreases in M. f. medium, and increases then keeps table in both T. sp. and mixed consortium media. Corrosion mechanism of Q235 carbon steel in mixed consortium medium is discussed through analysis of surface morphology and composition, environmental parameter, and electrochemical behavior

Division Gets Better: Learning Brightness-Aware and Detail-Sensitive Representations for Low-Light Image Enhancement

Low-light image enhancement strives to improve the contrast, adjust the visibility, and restore the distortion in color and texture. Existing methods usually pay more attention to improving the visibility and contrast via increasing the lightness of low-light images, while disregarding the significance of color and texture restoration for high-quality images. Against above issue, we propose a novel luminance and chrominance dual branch network, termed LCDBNet, for low-light image enhancement, which divides low-light image enhancement into two sub-tasks, e.g., luminance adjustment and chrominance restoration. Specifically, LCDBNet is composed of two branches, namely luminance adjustment network (LAN) and chrominance restoration network (CRN). LAN takes responsibility for learning brightness-aware features leveraging long-range dependency and local attention correlation. While CRN concentrates on learning detail-sensitive features via multi-level wavelet decomposition. Finally, a fusion network is designed to blend their learned features to produce visually impressive images. Extensive experiments conducted on seven benchmark datasets validate the effectiveness of our proposed LCDBNet, and the results manifest that LCDBNet achieves superior performance in terms of multiple reference/non-reference quality evaluators compared to other state-of-the-art competitors. Our code and pretrained model will be available.Comment: 14 pages, 16 figure

All-magnetic control of skyrmions in nanowires by a spin wave

Magnetic skyrmions are topologically protected nanoscale objects, which are promising building blocks for novel magnetic and spintronic devices. Here, we investigate the dynamics of a skyrmion driven by a spin wave in a magnetic nanowire. It is found that (i) the skyrmion is first accelerated and then decelerated exponentially; (ii) it can turn L-corners with both right and left turns; and (iii) it always turns left (right) when the skyrmion number is positive (negative) in the T- and Y-junctions. Our results will be the basis of skyrmionic devices driven by a spin wave.Comment: 10 pages, 7 figure

Fermions Tunneling from Apparent Horizon of FRW Universe

In the paper [arXiv:0809.1554], the scalar particles' Hawking radiation from the apparent horizon of Friedmann-Robertson-Walker(FRW) universe was investigated by using the tunneling formalism. They obtained the Hawking temperature associated with the apparent horizon, which was extensively applied in investigating the relationship between the first law of thermodynamics and Friedmann equations. In this paper, we calculate Fermions' Hawking radiation from the apparent horizon of FRW universe via tunneling formalism. Applying WKB approximation to the general covariant Dirac equation in FRW spacetime background, the radiation spectrum and Hawking temperature of apparent horizon are correctly recovered, which supports the arguments presented in the paper [arXiv:0809.1554].Comment: 8 pages, no figure