The TopModL Initiative

International audienceWe believe that there is a very strong need for an environment to support research and experiments on model-driven engineering. Therefore we have started the TopModL project, an open-source initiative, with the goal of building a development community to provide: (1) an executable environment for quick and easy experimentation, (2) a set of source files and a compilation tool chain, (3) a web portal to share artefacts developed by the community. The aim of TopModL is to help the model-engineering research community by providing the quickest path between a research idea and a running prototype. In addition, we also want to identify all the possible contributions, understand how to make it easy to integrate existing components, while maintaining architectural integrity. At the time of writing we have almost completed the bootstrap phase (known as Blackhole), which means that we can model TopModL and generate TopModL with TopModL. Beyond this first phase, it is now of paramount importance to gather the best possible description of the requirements of the community involved in model-driven engineering to further develop TopModL, and also to make sure that we are able to reuse or federate existing efforts or goodwill. This paper is more intended to set up a basis for a constructive discussion than to offer definitive answers and closed solutions

Collaboration école-famille et prévention du décrochage scolaire : des pistes d’action pour les enseignants du primaire

Cette étude qualitative s’intéresse aux interventions de collaboration école-famille (EF) menées par des enseignants du primaire qui tiennent compte des facteurs de risque et de protection familiaux en vue de prévenir le décrochage scolaire. L’échantillon est composé de dix enseignants dont l’école primaire est située dans une municipalité présentant untaux de sortie sans diplôme du secondaire de 10 % et plus. Les résultats indiquent que les enseignants mènent plus d’une fois par année des interventions de collaboration EF en lien avec 2 des 14 facteurs familiaux. Des formations sur la collaboration EF et la prévention du décrochage scolaire, de même que la participation active de la communauté sont recommandées afin que s’opère un changement de paradigme où le rôle des parents et leur participation seraient davantage reconnus par les enseignants

Solar hybrid road: from concept to modeling and lab scale mock-up experiments

TRA 2018, 7th Transport Research Arena, Vienne, AUSTRALIE, 16-/04/2018 - 19/04/2018We present in this paper the concept of solar hybrid road and the numerical model studied and develop to compute its thermal state at any time step. The aim of these new structures is to collect part of the solar radiation during the summer period, to prevent from icing at the surface during the winter period. As it is reversible, it will help also to prevent from a too high structure temperature (in particular closed to the surface) in summer season. Two types of modifications, compared to traditional structures are presented. The first one concerns the insertion of a porous layer allowing a heat fluid to exchange thermal energy. The second one concerns the use of a semi-transparent material at pavement surface allowing the solar radiation to penetrate deeper in the structure. The numerical model of this multi-physics problem develop with the finite element method is presented and discussed. A validation on two test cases is proposed. First results on energy harvesting evaluation for few locations (i.e. climatic conditions) in France are presented and discussed. Finally, conclusion and perspectives are proposed

Étude numérique de la résolution du couplage convection/radiation/diffusion dans une structure de chaussée hybride

International audienceDans cette étude, nous évaluons par modélisation numérique les apports énergétiques susceptibles de se produire dans une structure de chaussée routière hybride revêtue d'une couche de roulement semi-transparente ou opaque collée sur une couche de base poreuse, siège d'une circulation de fluide caloporteur. Les études numériques conduites proposent une résolution couplée de différents phénomènes thermiques : diffusion/convection dans le cas d'une chaussée drainante opaque en surface, et diffusion/convection/radiation pour une chaussée avec un revêtement semi-transparent. Les systèmes d'équations couplées sont résolus numériquement à l'aide de la méthode des éléments finis. Ce modèle a été développé directement sur un noyau Matlab c. Une discussion sur les résultats obtenus est proposée suivie d'une conclusion et de perspectives

Solar hybrid road: from numerical model to an energy balance in France

International audienceIn this study, we evaluate the energy to bring to a solar hybrid road system to prevent it from icing at the surface. To estimate the thermal performances, a multi-physics finite element model is introduced to compute the temperature field from environmental conditions. From this model, the adjoint state method is used to solve an optimization problem taking into account a penalization of frozen periods and the energy brought to the system. Results obtained for different climatic conditions in France are presented, analyzed and discussed

Multi-physics fem model of solar hybrid roads for energy harvesting performance evaluation in presence of semi-transparent or opaque pavement surface layer

IHTC 2018, 16th International Heat Transfer Conference, Beijing, CHINE, 10-/08/2018 - 15/08/2018We present in this paper the concept of solar hybrid road and focus on the thermal performances of such system. Main differences between these multi-layer structures with traditional road structures come from the pavement surface, which can be opaque or semi-transparent and the porous sub-layer, submitted to fluid flow. These structures aim at collecting solar energy during the summer season, what helps also to prevent from a too high temperature and urban heat island effect. A finite element model is presented to couple thermal diffusion, hydraulic convection and radiative transfer. This numerical model allows to compute the temperature field for different weather conditions and also to evaluate the thermal performances of the system. Annual simulations are performed and a comparison between two surface layer solutions for different locations and climates is presented and discussed

Étude d’une loi de commande optimale pour le contrôle en température d’une structure de route solaire hybride

International audienceL'étude présentée vise à optimiser la quantité d'énergie à apporter à une route solaire hybride pour éviter la formation de verglas en surface. La loi de commande optimale étudiée s'appuie sur un modèle multiphysique aux éléments finis, élaboré pour calculer le champ de température dans la structure dans des conditions environnementales variables. Une pénalisation des périodes de gel à la surface est introduite et l'énergie à fournir au système pour l'en préserver est calculée à partir de la méthode de l'état adjoint. Les résultats obtenus pour trois localisations en France (i.e. climats) sont discutés et analysés. Nomenclature B luminance énergétique d'un corps noir [W.m −2 .sr −1 ] h coefficient d'échange [W.m −2 .K −1 ] k conductivité thermique [W.m −1 .K −1 ] L luminance énergétique [W.m −2 .sr −1 ] n normale extérieure t temps [s] T température [K] T min seuil de température [K] ε émissivité κ coefficient d'absorption [m −1 ] λ longueur d'onde [µm] Ω domaine spatial étudié Φ s flux solaire [W.m −2 ] ρc capacité thermique [J.m −3 .K −1 ] σ coefficient de diffusion [m −1 ] ϑ direction dans la sphère unité a , c indices relatifs à l'air et au ciel ν fréquence [Hz

Les centres de recherche universitaires

Intervention de Jacques-Guy Petit Frédéric Chauvaud m’a demandé de présenter l’itinéraire d’un centre de recherche historique, principalement consacré à l’histoire de la justice, dans le cadre d’une faculté de Lettres. Je pense que pour beaucoup de jeunes DEA ou de doctorants, vous allez trouver ici une trajectoire qui peut être proche de ce que vous voyez autour de vous, à Poitiers, en train de se constituer. Ce centre, l’Hirés (centre d’Histoire des régulations et des politiques sociales), ..

Scaling relations of z ∼ 0.25–1.5 galaxies in various environments from the morpho-kinematics analysis of the MAGIC sample

Context. The evolution of galaxies is influenced by many physical processes, which may vary depending on their environment. Aims. We combine Hubble Space Telescope (HST) and Multi-Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) data of galaxies at 0.25-1.5 to probe the impact of environment on the size-mass relation, the main sequence (MS) relation, and the Tully-Fisher relation (TFR). Methods. We perform a morpho-kinematics modelling of 593 [O-II] emitters in various environments in the COSMOS area from the MUSE-gAlaxy Groups In Cosmos survey. The HST F814W images are modelled with a bulge-disk decomposition to estimate their bulge-disk ratio, effective radius, and disk inclination. We use the [O-II]λλ3727, 3729 doublet to extract the galaxies ionised gas kinematics maps from the MUSE cubes, and we model those maps for a sample of 146 [O-II] emitters, including bulge and disk components constrained from morphology and a dark matter halo. Results. We find an offset of 0.03 dex (1 significant) on the size-mass relation zero point between the field and the large structure sub-samples, with a richness threshold of N=10 to separate between small and large structures, and of 0.06 dex (2) with N=20. Similarly, we find a 0.1 dex (2A) difference on the MS relation with N=10 and 0.15 dex (3) with N=20. These results suggest that galaxies in massive structures are smaller by 14% and have star formation rates reduced by a factor of 1.31.5 with respect to field galaxies at z 0.7. Finally, we do not find any impact of the environment on the TFR, except when using N=20 with an offset of 0.04 dex (1). We discard the effect of quenching for the largest structures, which would lead to an offset in the opposite direction. We find that, at z0.7, if quenching impacts the mass budget of galaxies in structures, these galaxies would have been affected quite recently and for roughly 0.7-+1.5 Gyr. This result holds when including the gas mass but vanishes once we include the asymmetric drift correction