Resveratrol inhibits benzo[a]pyrene–DNA adduct formation in human bronchial epithelial cells

Resveratrol ( trans-3,4’,5-trihydroxystilbene), a phytoalexin present in various plants and foods, has in several in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated cancer chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic potential. We investigated the in vitro effect of resveratrol on benzo[ a] pyrene ( B[ a] P)-induced DNA adducts in human bronchial epithelial cells. This was compared to the effect of resveratrol on the expression of the cytochrome P450 (CYP) genes CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 and the formation of B[ a] P metabolites. Exposure of BEAS-2B and BEP2D cells to B[ a] P and increasing concentrations of resveratrol resulted in a dose- and time-dependent inhibition of DNA adduct formation quantified by P-32-postlabelling. Supporting this result, resveratrol was shown to inhibit CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 gene expression, as measured by real-time reverse transcriptase - polymerase chain reaction. Also, a significant correlation was found between the number of DNA adducts and the mRNA levels of these genes. Using HPLC analysis, a concomitant decrease in the formation of B[ a]P-derived metabolic products was detected. In conclusion, these data lend support to a chemopreventive role of resveratrol in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-induced carcinogenesis

Resveratrol-induced cytotoxicity in human Burkitt's lymphoma cells is coupled to the unfolded protein response

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Resveratrol (RES), a natural phytoalexin found at high levels in grapes and red wine, has been shown to induce anti-proliferation and apoptosis of human cancer cell lines. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are at present only partially understood.</p> <p>Method</p> <p>The effects of RES on activation of unfolded protein responses (UPR) were evaluated using Western blotting, semi-quantitative and real-time RT-PCR. Cell death was evaluated using Annexin V/PI staining and subsequent FACS.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Similar as tunicamycin, treatment with RES lead to the activation of all 3 branches of the UPR, with early splicing of XBP-1 indicative of IRE1 activation, phosphorylation of eIF2α consistent with ER resident kinase (PERK) activation, activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6) splicing, and increase in expression levels of the downstream molecules GRP78/BiP, GRP94 and CHOP/GADD153 in human Burkitt's lymphoma Raji and Daudi cell lines. RES was shown to induce cell death, which could be attenuated by thwarting upregulation of CHOP.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Our data suggest that activation of the apoptotic arm of the UPR and its downstream effector CHOP/GADD153 is involved, at least in part, in RES-induced apoptosis in Burkitt's lymphoma cells.</p

COordination of Standards in MetabOlomicS (COSMOS): facilitating integrated metabolomics data access

Metabolomics has become a crucial phenotyping technique in a range of research fields including medicine, the life sciences, biotechnology and the environmental sciences. This necessitates the transfer of experimental information between research groups, as well as potentially to publishers and funders. After the initial efforts of the metabolomics standards initiative, minimum reporting standards were proposed which included the concepts for metabolomics databases. Built by the community, standards and infrastructure for metabolomics are still needed to allow storage, exchange, comparison and re-utilization of metabolomics data. The Framework Programme 7 EU Initiative ‘coordination of standards in metabolomics’ (COSMOS) is developing a robust data infrastructure and exchange standards for metabolomics data and metadata. This is to support workflows for a broad range of metabolomics applications within the European metabolomics community and the wider metabolomics and biomedical communities’ participation. Here we announce our concepts and efforts asking for re-engagement of the metabolomics community, academics and industry, journal publishers, software and hardware vendors, as well as those interested in standardisation worldwide (addressing missing metabolomics ontologies, complex-metadata capturing and XML based open source data exchange format), to join and work towards updating and implementing metabolomics standards

REACTIONS 22Ne (p, p), 22Ne (p, p') ET ETAT ANALOGUE DU 9ème ETAT EXCITE DU 23Ne DANS LE 23Na

Les sections efficaces différentielles des réactions 22Ne (p, p) et 22Ne (p, p') ont été mesurées par pas de 4 keV de 2,4 à 3,2 MeV, à onze angles différents. Il est suggéré que l'analogue isobarique du 9ème état excité du 23Ne dans le 23Na se situerait à Eex = 11,85 MeV (Ep = 3,2 MeV).The differential cross-sections of 22Ne (p, p) and 22Ne (p, p') reactions have heen measured from 2,4 to 3,2 MeV, at eleven different angles, in 4 keV steps. Isobaric analog state of 23Ne* (Eex = 3,99 MeV) in 23Na is suggested at Eex = 11,85 MeV(Ep = 3,2 MeV)

Detection of heavy metals by an optical fiber sensor with a sensitive cladding including a new chromogenic calix[4]arene molecule

International audienceIndustrial processes introduce up to a million different pollutants into the atmosphere and the aquatic ecosystem. Heavy metals are one group of these substances, although not all of them are considered harmful to humans. The molecule of calixarene is a macrocycle used effectively in the complexation of the heavy metal pollutants (nickel, copper(II)...). The goal of this work is to condition a new chromogenic calix[4]arene molecule to elaborate an optical fiber sensor able to detect this type of pollutant. The light power increases when the concentration of the ion increases. The optimum pH for heavy metal ion detection is found to be 5. The influence of the unclad length on the response sensor is studied and the optimum length is found to be around 3 cm. The limit of detection reached is of the order of 1 mu M, 10(-3) mu M and 10(-4) mu M for copper(II), cobalt(II) and cadmium(II) cations respectively

LE CARACTERE STATISTIQUE DES REACTIONS 20Ne (d, α) 18F ET 22Ne(d, α)20F A Ed < 3, 2 MeV.

Les courbes d'excitation des réactions 20Ne (d, [MATH) 18F ont été tracées de Ed = 2 à 3,2 MeV pour les groupes α0-1-5-6 du 18F à différents angles. Les distributions angulaires des α émis de 21° à 165° (Labo) dans les réactions 20Ne (d, α)18F et 22Ne (d, α)20F ont été mesurées pour les états : 0 - 0,93 - 1,70 - 2,10 - 2,52 MeV du 18F et 0 - 0,65 - 1,06 - 1,31 MeV du 20F. Les sections efficaces totales calculées par la théorie d'HAUSER - FESHBACH sont en bon accord avec les sections efficaces totales expérimentales moyennées en énergie pour les groupes α de caractéristiques connues.Excitation curves of the 20Ne (d, α0-1-5-6)18F reactions have been plotted in the energy range 2 < E < 3,2 MeV. The α angular distributions of the 20Ne (d, α)18F and 22Ne (d, α)20F reactions have been measured for the following states : 0 - 0.93 - 1.70 - 2.10 - 2.52 MeV of 18F and 0 - 0. 65 - 1.31 of 20F. Theoretical total cross sections calculated by the HAUSER - FESHBACH theory, are in good agreement with the averaged experimental ones for the known caracteristics alpha groups

Optical and electrical study of chromogenic calix[4]arene derivatives. Materials Science & Engineering

New chromogenic calix[4]arene derivatives proved many applications in optical and electrical fields. Organic diodes formed by sandwiching azo-calix[4]arene layers between indium-thin oxide (ITO) and (Al) contacts have been elaborated and measured. In this paper, studies of devices by current–voltage characteristics I(V) and electrical impedance spectroscopy measurements in a wide frequency range have been reported. The electrical characteristics follow a space charge limited conduction behaviour (SCLC). Therefore, the Cole–Cole plots were modelled by an equivalent circuit. Relaxation processes have been identified too from the impedance spectroscopy. The optical excitation of the organic structure revealed enhancement in electrical properties

Electrical, optical and morphological properties of a new chromogenic calix[4]arene derivative

International audienceWe have studied electrical properties of ITO/azo-calix[4]arene/Al diodes by means of current voltage measurement and impedance spectroscopy in a wide frequency range. The devices with an ITO/azo-calix[4]arene/Al structure could be modeled as a simple combination of resistors and capacitors. The impedance spectra can be discussed in terms of an equivalent circuit model designed as a parallel resistor R-p and capacitor C-p network in series with resistor R-s. We extract numerical values of these parameters by fitting experimental data. Relaxation processes have been identified too from the impedance spectroscopy. Their values deduced from fitting experimental data to the model have given a dielectric relaxation time in the ms range and an exponential trap distribution