32 research outputs found
Analisis Liberalisme Agama Di Malaysia Menurut Perspektif Akidah Islam
Tesis ini mengkaji liberalisme agama di Malaysia daripada sudut akidah Islam untuk
melihat kedudukan liberalisme serta memberi penjelasan Islam kepada masyarakat.
Kajian yang berdasarkan kualitatif ini mendapat data menerusi dokumen dan temu
bual dengan pihak yang mendokong liberalisme agama kemudian data diolah dan
disusun berdasarkan metode deskriptif dan metode sejarah. Fokus utama kajian
adalah kepada isu berkaitan dengan akidah.
Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa fahaman liberal agama bertapak di negara ini
dan bergerak menerusi seruan kepada pembaharuan dalam agama dengan dimulakan
dengan pentafsiran baru terhadap teks agama. Liberalisme agama mengalami
penyelewengan yang berlainan tahap; ada yang sungguh bahaya dan ada pula yang
kurang bahaya. Penyelewengan yang sungguh bahaya itu ialah penolakan Nabi
Muhammad sebagai utusan Allah. Hasil kajian juga mendapati agama Islam
mempunyai identiti yang tetap; bukan segala-galanya dalam Islam berubah menurut
zaman. Islam berperanan sebagai guru, maka masyarakat tunduk kepada Islam bukan
sebaliknya. Setiap bidang ada ahlinya, maka pembaharuan dalam agama Islam juga
ditangani oleh ahlinya
ããŠãĪããåé§ä―čŠŋčĢ―ãŪãããŪã°ãŠãžãģæ··åæšķåŠãŪéļåŪæģ
čĶįīãŪãŋTohoku UniversityįŠčĄåŪčŠē
A Translation Analysis Of English Modal Verbs In The First Phone Call From Heaven Novel Into Telepon Pertama Dari Surga By Julanda Tantani
The research paper analysis English modal verb in The First Phone Call from Heaven and its translation. The study aims (1) to clarify the translation variations of English modal verb in the novel The First Phone Call from Heaven and its translation and (2) to describe the accuracy of the translation in the novel.
The type of this research is descriptive qualitative research. The object of the study is the novel entitled The First Phone Call from Heaven and its translation. The data of this study is English modal verb found in The First Phone Call from Heaven novel. Data source used in this research are the documentation of the data research paper and the informants. The researcher uses document, and questionnaire, in collecting data. The data are analyzed by using comparing method.
Based on the analysis, there are 4 types of English modal verb. They are English modal verb translated into Indonesian modal verb consist of 280 data or 63,6%, 8 data or 1,8% English modal verb translated into adverb, 28 data or 4,1% English modal verb translated into adjective and 124 data or 28,1% deleted or omitted. From 440 English modal verbs there are 93 data or 21,1 % accurate, 344 data or 78,2% less accurate and 3 data or 0,7% not accurate. It can be concluded that the English modal verb translation variations are less accurate
A Methodology of Selecting Greener Solvent Mixtures for Preparing Soluble Polyimide Precursors
āļāļąāļ§āđāļāļāļāļēāļāļŠāļāļīāļāļīāļāļāļāļāļļāļāļąāļāļīāļāļēāļĢāļāđāļāļđāđāđāļāđāļĢāļąāļāļāļĨāļāļĢāļ°āļāļāļāļēāļāđāļŦāļāļļāļāļēāļĢāļāđāļāļ§āļēāļĄāđāļĄāđāļŠāļāļāļāļąāļāļŦāļ§āļąāļāļāļēāļĒāđāļāļāđāļāđ
Master of Science (Research Methodology),2023The 19 years prolonged period of conflict situation from 2004 until the current year (2022) in the southern provinces of Thailand including Pattani Yala Narathiwat and parts of Songkhla has been affecting on the daily life of people in the area. The cumulative number of incidents, deaths, injuries, widows, and orphans is going to be large. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the statistical modelling of the injury-date rate and to visualize the injury-date rate in the Deep South provinces of Thailand. The secondary data between 2004 and 2020 were obtained from the Deep South Coordination Center (DSCC), Prince of Songkla University, Pattani Campus. The study areas were sub-districts in Pattani, Yala, Narathiwat, and four districts of Songkhla. The total number of individual observations was 26,938. After managing the individual data into counted data, there were 8,975 observations. The outcome of this study was the injury-death rates per 100,000 population and determinants were year, sub-district, gender, and age. In descriptive analysis, frequency, percentage, minimum, maximum, mean, median and standard deviation were used. In univariate analysis, the ANOVA test was used to test the association between outcome and each determinant. A log-linear regression model was used to investigate the adjusted mean of the injury-death rate by its factors. The results found that the injury-death rate declined sharply from 2007 to 2020 by 48%. The overall mean of injury-death rate was 64.45 cases per 100,000 population. The young males were more vulnerable than the females. Pattani was a riskier area than other provinces. Half of the sub-districts (53.91%) in Pattani had an injury-death rate above the overall mean. More than 60% of the sub-districts, that showed the injury-death rate higher the overall mean, occurred in rural areas of all provinces, except Songkhla, which had no red area. The information from the current study would be useful to the government or other sections for preparing and planning the readiness of health care, compensation, and economic development in the southernmost provinces of Thailand.1. Tuition Fee Waiver Scholarship from the Faculty of Science and Technology, Prince of Songkla University
2. Thesis support funding from the Graduate school, Prince of Songkla UniversityāļŠāļāļēāļāļāļēāļĢāļāđāļāļ§āļēāļĄāđāļĄāđāļŠāļāļāļāļĩāđāļĒāļ·āļāđāļĒāļ·āđāļāļĄāļēāļĒāļēāļ§āļāļēāļāļāļķāļ 19 āļāļĩ āļāļąāđāļāđāļāđāļāļĩ 2547 āļāļāļāļķāļāļāļąāļāļāļļāļāļąāļ (2565) āđāļāļāļ·āđāļāļāļĩāđāļāļąāļāļŦāļ§āļąāļāļāļēāļĒāđāļāļāļ āļēāļāđāļāđ āđāļāđāđāļāđ āļāļąāļāļāļēāļāļĩ āļĒāļ°āļĨāļē āļāļĢāļēāļāļīāļ§āļēāļŠ āđāļĨāļ°āļāļēāļāļŠāđāļ§āļāļāļāļāļāļąāļāļŦāļ§āļąāļāļŠāļāļāļĨāļē āļŠāđāļāļāļĨāļāļĢāļ°āļāļāļāđāļāļāļĩāļ§āļīāļāļāļĢāļ°āļāļģāļ§āļąāļāļāļāļāļāļĢāļ°āļāļēāļāļāđāļāļāļ·āđāļāļāļĩāđ āđāļāļāļāļ°āļāļĩāđāļāļąāļ§āđāļĨāļāļāļĩāđāļŠāļ°āļŠāļĄāļĄāļēāļāļąāđāļāđāļāđāđāļĢāļāđāļĢāļīāđāļĄ āđāļĄāđāļ§āđāļēāļāļģāļāļ§āļāđāļŦāļāļļāļāļēāļĢāļāđ āļāļēāļĢāđāļŠāļĩāļĒāļāļĩāļ§āļīāļ āļāļēāļĢāļāļēāļāđāļāđāļ āļŦāļāļīāļāļŦāļĄāđāļēāļĒ āđāļĨāļ°āđāļāđāļāļāļģāļāļĢāđāļēāļĄāļĩāļāļģāļāļ§āļāļāđāļāļāļāđāļēāļāļĄāļēāļ āļāļąāļāļāļąāđāļ āļāļēāļĢāļĻāļķāļāļĐāļēāļāļĩāđāļāļķāļāļĄāļĩāļ§āļąāļāļāļļāļāļĢāļ°āļŠāļāļāđāđāļāļ·āđāļāļ§āļīāđāļāļĢāļēāļ°āļŦāđāļāđāļāļĄāļđāļĨāļāļąāļāļĢāļēāļāļēāļĢāļāļēāļāđāļāđāļāđāļŠāļĩāļĒāļāļĩāļ§āļīāļāļāđāļ§āļĒāđāļāļāļāļģāļĨāļāļāļāļēāļāļŠāļāļīāļāļīāđāļĨāļ°āđāļāļ·āđāļāļāļģāđāļŠāļāļāļāđāļāļĄāļđāļĨāļāļąāļāļĢāļēāļāļēāļĢāļāļēāļāđāļāđāļāđāļŠāļĩāļĒāļāļĩāļ§āļīāļāđāļāļāļąāļāļŦāļ§āļąāļāļāļēāļĒāđāļāļāļ āļēāļāđāļāđāļāļāļāļāļĢāļ°āđāļāļĻāđāļāļĒ āļāļēāļĢāļĻāļķāļāļĐāļēāļāļĩāđāđāļāđāļāđāļāļĄāļđāļĨāļāļļāļāļīāļĒāļ āļđāļĄāļīāļāđāļ§āļāļāļĩ āļ.āļĻ. 2547 āļāļķāļ āļ.āļĻ. 2563 āļāļķāđāļāđāļāđāļĢāļ§āļāļĢāļ§āļĄāļāđāļāļĄāļđāļĨāļāļēāļāļĻāļđāļāļĒāđāļāļĢāļ°āļŠāļēāļāļāļēāļāļ§āļīāļāļēāļāļēāļĢāđāļŦāđāļāļ§āļēāļĄāļāđāļ§āļĒāđāļŦāļĨāļ·āļāļāļđāđāđāļāđāļĢāļąāļāļāļĨāļāļĢāļ°āļāļāļāļēāļāđāļŦāļāļļāļāļ§āļēāļĄāđāļĄāđāļŠāļāļāļāļąāļāļŦāļ§āļąāļāļāļēāļĒāđāļāļāļ āļēāļāđāļāđ (āļĻāļ§āļāļ. āļāļąāļāļāļēāļāļĩ) āļĄāļŦāļēāļ§āļīāļāļĒāļēāļĨāļąāļĒāļŠāļāļāļĨāļēāļāļāļĢāļīāļāļāļĢāđ āļ§āļīāļāļĒāļēāđāļāļāļāļąāļāļāļēāļāļĩ āļāļ·āđāļāļāļĩāđāļāļēāļĢāļĻāļķāļāļĐāļē āļāļ·āļ āļāļąāļāļŦāļ§āļąāļāļāļąāļāļāļēāļāļĩ āļĒāļ°āļĨāļē āļāļĢāļēāļāļīāļ§āļēāļŠ āđāļĨāļ°āļŠāļĩāđāļāļģāđāļ āļāļāļāļāļāļąāļāļŦāļ§āļąāļāļŠāļāļāļĨāļē āļĄāļĩāļāļģāļāļ§āļāļāļđāđāđāļāđāļĢāļąāļāļāļēāļāđāļāđāļāđāļĨāļ°āđāļŠāļĩāļĒāļāļĩāļ§āļīāļāļāļąāđāļāļŦāļĄāļ āļāļ·āļ 26,938 āļāļ āļāļēāļĢāļĻāļķāļāļĐāļēāļāļĩāđāļāļģāļāļēāļĢāļāļąāļāļāļēāļĢāļāđāļāļĄāļđāļĨāđāļŦāđāļāļĒāļđāđāđāļāļĢāļđāļāđāļāļāļāļāļāļāļģāļāļ§āļāļāļąāļ āļāļąāļāļāļąāđāļāļāļģāļāļ§āļāļāđāļēāļŠāļąāļāđāļāļāļāļĩāđāđāļāđāđāļāļāļēāļĢāļ§āļīāđāļāļĢāļēāļ°āļŦāđ āļāļ·āļ 8,975 āļĢāļēāļĒāļāļēāļĢ āļāļąāļ§āđāļāļĢāļāļēāļĄāļāļ·āļ āļāļąāļāļĢāļēāļāļēāļĢāļāļēāļāđāļāđāļāđāļŠāļĩāļĒāļāļĩāļ§āļīāļāļāđāļāđāļŠāļāļāļĢāļ°āļāļēāļāļĢ āđāļĨāļ°āļāļąāļ§āđāļāļĢāļāļīāļŠāļĢāļ°āļāļ·āļ āļāļĩ āļāļģāļāļĨ āđāļāļĻ āđāļĨāļ°āļāļēāļĒāļļ āļŠāļāļīāļāļīāļāļĩāđāđāļāđāđāļāļāļēāļĢāļ§āļīāđāļāļĢāļēāļ°āļŦāđāļāđāļāļĄāļđāļĨāđāļāļīāļāļāļĢāļĢāļāļāļē āđāļāđāđāļāđ āļāļ§āļēāļĄāļāļĩāđ āļĢāđāļāļĒāļĨāļ° āļāđāļēāļāđāļģāļŠāļļāļ āļāđāļēāļŠāļđāļāļŠāļļāļ āļāđāļēāđāļāļĨāļĩāđāļĒ āļāđāļēāļĄāļąāļāļĒāļāļēāļ āđāļĨāļ°āļŠāđāļ§āļāđāļāļĩāđāļĒāļāđāļāļāļĄāļēāļāļĢāļāļēāļ āļŠāļāļīāļāļīāļāļĩāđāđāļāđāđāļāļĢāļĩāļĒāļāđāļāļĩāļĒāļāļāļ§āļēāļĄāđāļāļāļāđāļēāļāļāļāļāļāđāļēāđāļāļĨāļĩāđāļĒāļĢāļ°āļŦāļ§āđāļēāļāļāļąāļāļĢāļēāļāļēāļĢāļāļēāļāđāļāđāļāđāļŠāļĩāļĒāļāļĩāļ§āļīāļāđāļĨāļ°āļāļąāļ§āđāļāļĢāļāļīāļŠāļĢāļ°āđāļāđāļĨāļ°āļāļąāļ§āļāļ·āļ āļāļēāļĢāļ§āļīāđāļāļĢāļēāļ°āļŦāđāļāļ§āļēāļĄāđāļāļĢāļāļĢāļ§āļ (Analysis of variance: ANOVA) āļāļąāļ§āđāļāļāļāļēāļāļŠāļāļīāļāļīāļāļĩāđāđāļāđāļāļ·āļ āļāļēāļĢāļāļāļāļāļĒāđāļāļīāļāđāļŠāđāļāđāļāļĢāļđāļāđāļāļāļĨāđāļāļāļāļēāļĢāļīāļāļīāļĄ (Log-linear regression) āļāļĨāļāļēāļĢāļ§āļīāļāļąāļĒāļāļāļ§āđāļē āļāļąāļāļĢāļēāļāļēāļĢāļāļēāļāđāļāđāļāđāļŠāļĩāļĒāļāļĩāļ§āļīāļāļĨāļāļĨāļāļāļĒāđāļēāļāđāļŦāđāļāđāļāđāļāļąāļāđāļāļāđāļ§āļāļāļĩ 2550 āļāļķāļ 2563 āđāļāļĒāļĨāļāļĨāļāļāļķāļāļĢāđāļāļĒāļĨāļ° 48 āļāļąāļāļĢāļēāļāļēāļĢāļāļēāļāđāļāđāļāđāļŠāļĩāļĒāļāļĩāļ§āļīāļāđāļāļĨāļĩāđāļĒāđāļāļĒāļĢāļ§āļĄāļāļĒāļđāđāļāļĩāđ 64.45 āļĢāļēāļĒāļāđāļāđāļŠāļāļāļĢāļ°āļāļēāļāļĢ āđāļāļĻāļāļēāļĒāļ§āļąāļĒāļŦāļāļļāđāļĄāļĄāļĩāļāļąāļāļĢāļēāļāļēāļĢāļāļēāļāđāļāđāļāđāļŠāļĩāļĒāļāļĩāļ§āļīāļāļĄāļēāļāļāļ§āđāļēāļāļđāđāļŦāļāļīāļ āļāļ·āđāļāļāļĩāđāļāļąāļāļāļēāļāļĩāđāļāđāļāļāļ·āđāļāļāļĩāđāļāļĩāđāļĄāļĩāļāļąāļāļĢāļēāļāļēāļĢāļāļēāļāđāļāđāļāđāļŠāļĩāļĒāļāļĩāļ§āļīāļāļĄāļēāļāļāļ§āđāļēāļāļąāļāļŦāļ§āļąāļāļāļ·āđāļ āđ āđāļāļĒāļāļĩāđāļāļĢāļķāđāļāļŦāļāļķāđāļāļāļāļāļāļģāļāļĨ (āļĢāđāļāļĒāļĨāļ° 53.91) āđāļāļāļąāļāļŦāļ§āļąāļāļāļąāļāļāļēāļāļĩāļĄāļĩāļāļąāļāļĢāļēāļāļēāļĢāļāļēāļāđāļāđāļāđāļŠāļĩāļĒāļāļĩāļ§āļīāļāļŠāļđāļāļāļ§āđāļēāļāđāļēāđāļāļĨāļĩāđāļĒāļĢāļ§āļĄ āļāļĒāđāļēāļāđāļĢāļāđāļāļēāļĄāļĄāļēāļāļāļ§āđāļēāļĢāđāļāļĒāļĨāļ° 60 āļāļāļāļāļģāļāļĨāđāļāļāļļāļāļāļąāļāļŦāļ§āļąāļāļĄāļĩāļāļąāļāļĢāļēāļāļēāļĢāļāļēāļāđāļāđāļāđāļŠāļĩāļĒāļāļĩāļ§āļīāļāļŠāļđāļāļāļ§āđāļēāļāđāļēāđāļāļĨāļĩāđāļĒāļĢāļ§āļĄ āļŠāđāļ§āļāđāļŦāļāđāđāļāļīāļāļāļķāđāļāđāļāļāļ·āđāļāļāļĩāđāļāļāļāļāļāļāļāļāļļāļāļāļąāļāļŦāļ§āļąāļāļĒāļāđāļ§āđāļāļāļąāļāļŦāļ§āļąāļāļŠāļāļāļĨāļē āļāđāļāļĄāļđāļĨāļāļēāļāļāļēāļĢāļĻāļķāļāļĐāļēāļāļĩāđāļāļ°āđāļāđāļāļāļĢāļ°āđāļĒāļāļāđāđāļāđāļŦāļāđāļ§āļĒāļāļēāļāļĢāļąāļāļŦāļĢāļ·āļāļŦāļāđāļ§āļĒāļāļēāļāļāļ·āđāļ āđ āđāļāļāļēāļĢāđāļāļĢāļĩāļĒāļĄāļāļ§āļēāļĄāļāļĢāđāļāļĄ āļ§āļēāļāđāļāļ āđāļĨāļ°āļāļģāļŦāļāļāļāđāļĒāļāļēāļĒāđāļāļāļēāļĢāļāļđāđāļĨāļŠāļļāļāļ āļēāļ āļāļēāļĢāđāļĒāļĩāļĒāļ§āļĒāļē āđāļĨāļ°āļāļēāļĢāļāļąāļāļāļēāđāļĻāļĢāļĐāļāļāļīāļāđāļāļāļąāļāļŦāļ§āļąāļāļāļēāļĒāđāļāļāļ āļēāļāđāļāđāļāļāļāļāļĢāļ°āđāļāļĻāđāļāļĒāļāđāļāđ
Correction to âCorrespondence between Spectral-Derived and Viscosity-Derived Local Composition in Binary Liquid Mixtures Having Specific Interactions with Preferential Solvation Theoryâ
Protecting effect of hypotaurine from hydrogen peroxide induced cytotoxicity in placental trophoblast cells
Replacement of Hazardous Chemicals Used in Engineering Plastics with Safe and Renewable Hydrogen-Bond Donor and Acceptor Solvent-Pair Mixtures
Mixtures of safe and renewable solvents
can replace hazardous solvents
presently being used in the manufacture of engineering plastics. In
this work, a methodology is proposed for identifying solvent-pair
mixtures for preparing polymer precursors, with polyÂ(amic acid) (PAA)
being studied as an example. The methodology uses a chemical safety
index, Hansen solubility parameters and KamletâTaft solvatochromic
parameters of the pure and solvent-pair mixtures to identify hydrogen
bond acceptor (HBA)âhydrogen bond donor (HBD) solvent-pair
combinations. Ten replacement solvent-pairs for PAA syntheses identified
were cyclohexanoneâmethanol, cyclohexanoneâethanol,
cyclopentanoneâmethanol, cyclopentanoneâethanol, Îģ-butyrolactoneâmethanol,
Îģ-butyrolactoneâethanol, Îģ-butyrolactoneâwater,
Îģ-valerolactoneâmethanol, Îģ-valerolactoneâethanol,
and Îģ-valerolactoneâwater. Homogeneous PAA solutions
could be obtained from HBAâHBD solvent-pair mixtures when their
solubility parameters were within 21â29 MPa<sup>0.5</sup> and
their KamletâTaft solvatochromic parameters were Ï* (>0.67)
and Îē (>0.67) for nonaqueous solutions and Ï* (>0.68)
and Îē (>0.59) for aqueous solutions. Replacement solvent-pairs,
Îģ-valerolactoneâethanol, Îģ-valerolactoneâwater,
and Îģ-butyrolactoneâwater gave homogeneous precursor
solutions that were comparable with commercial solutions prepared
with <i>N</i>-methyl-2-pyrrolidone. The proposed methodology
and reported solvatochromic parameters make it is possible to identify
other solvent-pair mixtures and new solvent-pairs for preparing polymer
precursor solutions used in engineering plastics
Methodology for Replacing Dipolar Aprotic Solvents Used in API Processing with Safe Hydrogen-Bond Donor and Acceptor Solvent-Pair Mixtures
A methodology is presented that allows
hazardous dipolar aprotic
solvents used in the pharmaceutical processing industries to be replaced
with solvent-pair mixtures that consist of a hydrogen-bond donor (HBD)
solvent and a hydrogen-bond acceptor (HBA) solvent. The methodology
uses the solubility of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API)
in hazardous solvents to estimate the range of required solubility
parameters and KamletâTaft parameters for the API and then
intersects these ranges with the solubility parameters and KamletâTaft
parameters of the solvent-pair mixtures to identify favorable solvent
pairs and possible working compositions. Solvent pairs are ranked
according to GSK safety and health scores. The methodology was applied
to 13 APIs, where it was found that nonaqueous mixtures (ethanolâisopropyl
acetate, ethanolâethyl acetate, and ethanolâbutyl acetate)
and aqueous mixtures (waterâÎģ-valerolactone and waterâdimethyl
sulfoxide) are highly ranked and applicable to many APIs. Solvent
pairs were eliminated from consideration due to their inability to
simultaneously satisfy KamletâTaft acidity, basicity, and polarity
parameter constraints. The proposed methodology makes it simple to
identify and rank HBDâHBA solvent-pair mixtures for replacement
of dipolar aprotic solvents used in the pharmaceutical processing
industries