Electronic health records to facilitate clinical research

Electronic health records (EHRs) provide opportunities to enhance patient care, embed performance measures in clinical practice, and facilitate clinical research. Concerns have been raised about the increasing recruitment challenges in trials, burdensome and obtrusive data collection, and uncertain generalizability of the results. Leveraging electronic health records to counterbalance these trends is an area of intense interest. The initial applications of electronic health records, as the primary data source is envisioned for observational studies, embedded pragmatic or post-marketing registry-based randomized studies, or comparative effectiveness studies. Advancing this approach to randomized clinical trials, electronic health records may potentially be used to assess study feasibility, to facilitate patient recruitment, and streamline data collection at baseline and follow-up. Ensuring data security and privacy, overcoming the challenges associated with linking diverse systems and maintaining infrastructure for repeat use of high quality data, are some of the challenges associated with using electronic health records in clinical research. Collaboration between academia, industry, regulatory bodies, policy makers, patients, and electronic health record vendors is critical for the greater use of electronic health records in clinical research. This manuscript identifies the key steps required to advance the role of electronic health records in cardiovascular clinical research

Cinétiques et isothermes d’adsorption de micropolluants sur un tissu et un feutre de carbone activé

L’adsorption sur carbones activés est un procédé courant pour éliminer les micropolluants de l’eau. Le but de cette étude est de mieux comprendre les propriétés d’adsorption de neuf micropolluants : l’ibuprofène (IBP), la carbamazépine (CBZ), l’ofloxacine (OFX), le bisphénol A (BPA), le diclofénac (DFN), le mecoprop (MCP), le pentachlorophénol (PCP), le benzotriazole (BZT) et la caféine (CAF) sur deux carbones activés microporeux : un feutre et un tissu. Les adsorbants ont été caractérisés et les isothermes et cinétiques d’adsorption de chaque molécule ont été étudiées à 25 °C et comparées. La capacité d’adsorption a été comparée au nombre de doubles liaisons des molécules dans le but de déterminer l’importance du π-stacking dans le phénomène de l’adsorption.Adsorption on activated carbons is frequently used in order to remove micropollutants from polluted water. The objective of this study is to better understand the adsorption properties of nine micropollutants: ibuprofen (IBP), carbamazepine (CBZ), ofloxacin (OFX), bisphenol A, (BPA), diclofenac (DFN), mecoprop (MCP), pentachlorophenol (PCP), benzotriazol (BZT) and caffeine (CAF) onto two microporous activated carbons: a felt and a fabric. Thus, the adsorbents were characterized, and the adsorption isotherms and adsorption kinetics of each molecule were studied at 25 °C and compared. Adsorption capacities were compared to the number of double bonds of molecules in order to examine the importance of π-stacking in the adsorption phenomenon

Coupling ultrasound treatment and adsorption on activated carbon for the removal of carbamazepin

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Improving the adsorption kinetics of ibuprofen on an activated carbon fabric through ultrasound irradiation: Simulation and experimental studies

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An in situ small angle neutron scattering study of expanded graphite under a uniaxial stress

International audienceThe present article studies the in situ evolution of the pore structure of compressed expanded graphite under a uniaxial stress up to 1000 bar using small-angle neutron scattering (SANS). The uniaxial stress was applied in the direction of the average c-axis of the graphite crystallites composing the sample. Ex situ characterization by electrical resistivity and mercury intrusion porosimetry was performed on the compressed samples. The anisotropic SANS pattern indicates the presence of spheroidal pores in the 4–100 nm detectable range. The stress dependence of the different extractable parameters (fractal dimension, apparent specific surface area and apparent porosity) was related to the meso and macro pore structure evolution. In particular, the fractal dimension increases irreversibly with the applied stress. We propose a model of evolution under uniaxial load in which the irreversible collapse and splitting of larger pores into smaller size ones provides a coherent description of the experimental observations

Shear effects on expanded graphite under uniaxial pressure: An in situ small angle neutron scattering study

International audienceIn a previous work [1] we elucidated the in situ evolution of the porosity of out-of-plane com- pressed flexible graphite under uniaxial pressure up to 1000 bar using small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) technique. In order to understand the influence of shear effect on the properties of flexible graphite we study, in the present paper, the in situ behaviour of in-plane compressed flexible graphite under a uniaxial pressure. The sample had a pleated layered structure in which anisotropic SANS patterns revealed a distribution of differently oriented ellipsoid pores. Uniaxial compression generates important shear effects in this kind of sample.We have determined the evolution of the system fractal dimension, pore size distribu- tion and apparent specific surface area with applied pressure which together allow us to describe the meso and macro pore structure evolution. Under pressure, the irreversible col- lapse and splitting of larger pores into smaller size ones which is characteristic of out-of- plane uniaxial compression [1], is accompanied, in the presence of shear stress compo- nents, by an in-plane slipping mechanism giving rise to cracks and consequently to inter- face formation

Effect of the temperature on the structural and textural properties of a compressed K-vermiculite

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Synthesis and characterization of Cu doped activated carbon beads from chitosan

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Eponges de carbone pour la dépollution par absorption de solvants et d’hydrocarbures

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