Differences in hip bone mineral density may explain the hip fracture pattern in osteoarthritic hips

Introduction In patients with osteoarthritis of the hip (OAH), trochanteric fractures are much more common than femoral neck fractures. One reason may be altered bone composition in the proximal femurs. OAH often leads to a fixed external rotation of the hip, leading to difficulties in positioning during DXA measurements. We compared BMD in OAH-affected legs and healthy legs

Progressive vertebral deformities despite unchanged bone mineral density in patients with sarcoidosis: a 4-year follow-up study

To evaluate the incidence of new and/or progressive vertebral deformities and changes in bone mineral density, we re-examined 66 patients with sarcoidosis after a follow-up period of four years. In 17 subjects (26%) new and/or progressive vertebral deformities were found, though BMD did not change significantly. INTRODUCTION: Previous studies from our group have shown that morphometric vertebral deformities suggestive of fractures can be found in 20% of patients with sarcoidosis, despite a normal bone mineral density (BMD). The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of new and/or progressive vertebral deformities and the evolution of BMD during the course of this disease. METHODS: BMD of the hip (DXA) and vertebral fracture assessment (VFA) with lateral single energy densitometry was performed at baseline and after 45 months in 66 patients with sarcoidosis. Potential predictors of new/ progressive vertebral deformities were assessed using logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: The BMD of the total group was unchanged after follow-up. The prevalence of vertebral deformities increased from 20 to 32% (p < 0.05); in 17 subjects (26%) new or progressive vertebral deformities were diagnosed. A lower T-score of the femoral neck [(OR = 2.5 (CI: 1.0-5.9), p < 0.05)] and mother with a hip fracture [(OR = 14.1 (CI: 1.4-142.6), p < 0.05)] were independent predictors of new/progressive deformities. CONCLUSIONS: In subjects with sarcoidosis the number of vertebral deformities increases in the course of this disease, despite unchanged BMD. The combination of low normal BMD and family history of fragility fractures confers an increased risk of the incidence of these deformities

Imagerie de la deformation des tissus biologiques par elastographie main-libre

http://www.creatis.insa-lyon.fr/intranet/docus/BibUS/docs/articles/Brus07Jradiol.pdf articl

Use of multisite quantitative ultrasonography for noninvasive assessment of bone in horses

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the usefulness of multisite quantitative ultrasonography for noninvasive assessment of bone in horses. SAMPLE POPULATION: 12 healthy horses and both forelimbs from 8 clinically normal horses. PROCEDURE: For in vivo measurements, various regions of interest (ROI) were examined on the third metacarpal bone, radius, and tibia. Precision error for speed of sound (SOS) measurements was obtained by measuring each ROI of 4 horses 10 times with probe repositioning. Additionally, 3 operators measured each aspect of the third metacarpal bone of 6 horses 5 times each. For ex vivo measurements, third metacarpal bones were examined at 9 ROI, and SOS measurements were performed before and after soft tissue removal. One ROI of a single forelimb was subjected to 96 ex vivo measurements with 3 different contact media. RESULTS: The lateral aspect of the third metacarpal bone had significantly higher SOS values than the dorsal and medial aspect of the third metacarpal bone. No difference was obtained between SOS values of the lateral and medial aspect of the radius. The tibia had significantly higher SOS values than the lateral aspect of the radius and the dorsal and medial aspect of the third metacarpal bone. Intraoperator coefficients of variation ranged from 0.62 to 3.15%, and interoperator coefficients of variation ranged from 0.78 to 2.70%. Values of SOS were highest when silicone oil was used as the contact medium. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Speed of sound measurements obtained by quantitative ultrasonography in axial transmission mode can be used to precisely measure superficial cortical bone properties of third metacarpal bone, radius, and tibia in horses

Texture analysis of ultrasound liver images with contrast agent to characterize the fibrosis stage

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Equine Third Metacarpal Bone Assessment by Quantitative Ultrasound and Dual-Energy-X-Ray absorptiometry

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