Development and Assessment of the Media Impact on Health Information Perception and Behavior Scale (Mihipb-S) Using Content Validity Index Method

With the omnipresence of media in the digital age, understanding its impact on individuals' health information perception and behaviors has become paramount. This study presents the meticulous development and rigorous validation of the Media Influence on Health Information Perception and Behavior Scale (MIHIPB-S) using the Content Validity Index (CVI) method. The scale development process comprised several critical phases, including item generation, expert panel formation, content validity assessment, and pilot testing. A panel of nine experts, encompassing diverse backgrounds such as psychology, public health, communication studies, and measurement development, rigorously examined each item's relevance to the construct of "Media Influence on Health Information Perception and Behavior." These experts assigned ratings on a 4-point Likert scale, ranging from "Not relevant" (1) to "Highly relevant" (4). To determine content validity, the study adhered to established recommendations for acceptable cut-off scores which were contingent upon the number of experts involved Lynn, Davis, Polit & Beck, and Polit et al.2006. Various validity indices, including the Item-Level Content Validity Index (I-CVI), Scale-Level Content Validity Index based on the Average Method (S-CVI/Ave), and Scale-Level Content Validity Index based on the Universal Agreement Method (S-CVI/UA), were meticulously calculated. The outcomes of the content validity assessment were resoundingly positive. All items within the MIHIPB-S attained remarkably high I-CVI scores, significantly exceeding the established acceptable threshold. Moreover, the S-CVI/Ave, calculated as the mean of the I-CVI scores for all items, unequivocally demonstrated robust content validity (Hamie et al. Ozair et al., Lau et al., and Marzuki et al.2018. Of particular significance, the S-CVI/UA, representing the proportion of items achieving the highest relevance rating by all experts, decisively met the prescribed cut-off score. These findings unequivocally affirm the MIHIPB-S as an exceptionally valid and comprehensive instrument for capturing the complex dynamics of media's influence on health information perception and behavior. The MIHIPB-S emerges as an invaluable and validated tool poised to make substantial contributions to research, practice, and policymaking within the domains of health communication, media literacy, and public health. Its versatility extends to assessing the efficacy of media-based health interventions, evaluating the impact of media campaigns on health decision-making, and informing targeted health communication strategies. Future endeavors should explore opportunities for cross-cultural validation, longitudinal assessments, and adaptations to account for emerging media modalities

Development of Wireless emg & voice control system for rehabilitation devices.

Restoration gadgets are progressively being utilized to enhance the nature of the life of differentially capable individuals. Human Machine Interface (HMI) have been mulled over broadly to control electromechanical recovery supports utilizing biosignals, for example, EMG, EEG and EOG and so on around the different biosignals, EMG indicators have been examined in profundity because of the event of a positive indicator design. Persons experiencing amazingly constrained fringe portability like paraplegia or jumbling generally can facilitate hand developments. The current venture concentrates on the advancement of a model engine wheelchair controlled by EMG indicators. EMG signs were utilized to produce control indicators for the development of the wheelchair. As a piece of this work an EMG sign procurement framework was produced. The obtained EMG indicator was then prepared to create different control signs relying on the sufficiency and length of time of signal segments

Development and Validation of Physical Education Awareness Instrument (Pea-I)

Research Background: The importance of physical education in the development of young children has long been recognized. Despite this, there is a lack of a standardized instrument to accurately measure awareness of physical education among this demographic. The absence of such a tool hampers our understanding of children's perceptions and the impact of physical education on their overall well-being. Purpose: The primary objective of this study is to develop and validate the Physical Education Awareness Instrument (PEA-I) to assess young children's awareness of physical education. Through rigorous statistical techniques, including factor analysis and reliability assessment, the study seeks to establish the validity and reliability of the newly developed instrument. Materials and Methodology: The study involved 817 participants, randomly divided into two groups. The researchers utilized the expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm to handle potential missing values, although none were found in the collected responses. The first half of the sample (N = 317) underwent exploratory factor analysis (EFA) using IBM SPSS 26 for Windows. Latent root criteria and the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) index determined the optimal number of factors, indicating significant adequacy for principal component analysis (PCA). The EFA revealed a one-factor scale, with nine items demonstrating strong internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha ranged from 0.740 to 0.796). Statistical Procedure: Following the EFA, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted on the second half of the sample using AMOS 23. All items in the CFA met the standard criterion, confirming the instrument's acceptable factor validity. The (PEA-I) exhibited good reliability and validity, establishing it as a robust tool to assess young children's awareness of physical education.  Results: The results solidify the PEA-I as a valid and reliable measure of physical education awareness among young children. Its factor loadings, internal consistency, and factor validity indicate its effectiveness in assessing individuals' perceived awareness of physical education accurately. Conclusion and practical implication: The (PEA-I) has practical implications, serving as a valuable tool for identifying individuals' awareness of physical education and evaluating the effectiveness of physical education programs. Its potential to aid policymakers, physical educators, and health professionals is significant, as it emphasizes the importance of physical education in overall well-being and advocates for its inclusion as a compulsory subject in schools. This study contributes substantially to the field, underscoring the significance of physical education in fostering healthier lifestyles and well-rounded individuals. The findings highlight the need for increased awareness and the positive impact of physical education on youth development, shaping the discourse on its promotion among policymakers, educators, and health professionals

Alternate Solution for effective Dust Suppression in Thermal Power Plant

Many thermal power plants use coal as their fuel. To handle the coal, each power station is equipped with a coal handling plant. The coal has to be sized, processed, and handled which should be done effectively and efficiently. While working in the coal handling plant the major factor which reduces staff efficiency is the working environment i.e. a dusty atmosphere. Lots of care is always taken to reduce dust emission. Generally all systems used in power station coal handling plants are wet dust suppression systems. In this paper the reasons for failure of these type of dust suppression system are discussed. The remedy for the improvement of this system is also given in this paper. The existing system can be easily modified by using ultrasonic system. The spray discharge should be proportional with dust emission. The solenoid valve should be open with proportion with quantity of dust generation. The possibility of such type of this system is discussed in this paper

Thyroid abnormality in abnormal uterine bleeding: an observational study from Medical College in Western UP, India

Background: Abnormal Uterine Bleeding (AUB) is one of the commonest gynecological complain in reproductive age group. Menstrual abnormalities are commonly seen when there is any alteration in thyroid function. Objective of present study was to investigate the prevalence of AUB and to determine the menstrual pattern in cases with thyroid dysfunction.Methods: The present cross sectional observational study was conducted Teerthankar Mahaveer Medical College and Research Center Moradabad. Total 400 cases presenting with AUB were included in the study. Routine blood test, ultrasonography and thyroid function tests were done in these cases.Results: Among all the cases presenting with menstrual abnormalities 26% had hypothyroidism and 9% have hyperthyroidism and rest had euthyroid status. Menorrhagia (45.2%) and polymenorrhoea (37.5%) were commonest menstrual abnormality seen in cases with hypothyroidism. Most cases with hyperthyroidism presented with hypomenorrhoea (27.8%).Conclusions: Thyroid function abnormality is common in cases presenting with AUB and it gets relieved in correcting hormonal imbalance

Physiological Insights into Elite Sprint Paddlers: Unravelling Performance Dynamics and Training Implications

Study purpose. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between physiological reactivity and sprint paddling performance among elite athletes, focusing on cardiorespiratory responses, metabolic efficiency, and energy utilization patterns. Materials and methods. A group of N= 20 elite sprint paddlers from various regions in India was meticulously selected for this study. Detailed assessments of cardiorespiratory responses, metabolic efficiency, and energy utilization patterns were conducted using standardized protocols and cutting-edge measurement techniques. Individual differences among athletes were carefully documented. Results. The study revealed a remarkable homogeneity among the athletes, reflecting stringent training standards. However, intriguing individual differences emerged, particularly in cardiorespiratory reactivity. Athletes with swift neural responses and adept metabolic acidosis adaptation showcased enhanced overall performance, indicating the critical role of the nervous system and efficient respiratory mechanisms in optimizing paddlers’ capabilities. Analysis of CO2 emissions and lactate concentrations indicated a balanced energy utilization pattern and optimal anaerobic metabolism and respiratory responses. Balancing anaerobic alactate and lactate capacities emerged as pivotal. Conclusions. The findings underscore the need for targeted training programs that leverage individual differences, enhance neural adaptations, and metabolic acidosis tolerance, and optimize energy pathways. These transformative insights offer coaches, sports scientists, and athletes valuable tools to elevate performance outcomes. The study enriches our understanding of sprint paddling and serves as a paradigm for studying elite athletic performance, guiding the future of sports science and coaching. Future research avenues include exploring the long-term impact of tailored training interventions, investigating molecular mechanisms of cardiorespiratory reactivity, and studying psychological aspects of athletic performance. Comparative studies across diverse sports disciplines promise universal insights into elite athletic performance

Synthesis and characterization of water-soluble carbon nanotubes from mustard soot

Carbon nanotubes (CNT) has been synthesized by pyrolysing mustard oil using an oil lamp. It was made water-soluble (wsCNT) through oxidative treatment by dilute nitric acid and was characterized by SEM, AFM, XRD, Raman and FTIR spectroscopy. The synthesized wsCNT showed the presence of several junctions and defects in it. The presence of curved graphene structure (sp2) with frequent sp3 hybridized carbon is found to be responsible for the observed defects. These defects along with the presence of di- and tri-podal junctions showed interesting magnetic properties of carbon radicals formed by spin frustration. This trapped carbon radical showed ESR signal in aqueous solution and was very stable even under drastic treatment by strong oxidizing or reducing agents. Oxidative acid treatment of CNT introduced several carboxylic acid group functionalities in wsCNT along with the nicking of the CNT at different lengths with varied molecular weight. To evaluate molecular weights of these wsCNTs, an innovative method like gel electrophoresis using high molecular weight DNA as marker was introduced

Liver function profile in thalassemic children receiving multiple blood transfusions

Background: Hepatic dysfunction is a frequent manifestation in thalassemic patients receiving multiple blood transfusions (BTs) as a part of treatment. Objective: The objective of the study was to study the liver function profile in thalassemic children and its correlation with the age of initiation of transfusion therapy. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was done among 32 thalassemic patients in the age group of 1–18 years visiting a tertiary care hospital regularly for BTs at the Department of Pediatrics at the tertiary hospital of North India. Liver function tests (LFTs) were done in all thalassemic patients included total bilirubin, liver enzymes (serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase [SGOT], serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase [SGPT], and alkaline phosphatase [ALP]), total protein, serum albumin, serum ferritin, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), and anti-hepatitis C virus. The age of initiation of BT was also recorded. Derangement in LFTs and correlation between the age of initiation of transfusion therapy and derangement of liver function were studied. Results: Out of 32 patients, only 7 (21.87%) had normal LFT values. A total of 17 (53.12%) had increased SGOT, 15 (46.87%) had increased SGPT, and 25 (78.12%) had increased bilirubin levels. Total protein and serum albumin were below normal in 5 (15.65%) and 3 (9.3%) patients, respectively. ALP was increased in 24 (75%) patients. Majority of the patients (43.75%) had serum ferritin between 2000 and 2999 ng/ml. Only two patients had significantly deranged LFTs. No patient was positive for HBsAg. However, we did not find a significant correlation between age of initiation of transfusion therapy and derangement of liver enzymes in these patients. Conclusion: If thalassemic patients are given properly tested blood and regular chelation therapy, liver function remains normal. Immunization against hepatitis B and testing of blood bags is recommended. It is also recommended that LFT should be done regularly at 3 months interval to detect any abnormality

Butea monosperma Reduces Haloperidol and Sulpiride Induced Hyperprolactinemia in Rats

Background: Prolonged administration of neuroleptic drugs cause disrupted D dopamine receptor which leads to increased prolactin level, causes gyanaecomastia. Presently, dopamine receptor agonist is the choice of treatment for hyperprolactinemia. Aim and Objectives: The study aims to determine the antihyperprolactinemic effect of methanolic extract of Butea monosperma (MEBM) against haloperidol (HPL) and sulpiride (SPD) induced hyperprolactinemia and to correlate with its active constituents. Material and Methods: To induce hyperprolactinemia HPL 5 mg/kg for 16 continuous days and SPD 20 mg/kg for 28 continuous days was administred. MEBM 200 mg/kg/day and 400 mg/kg/day were administered for 16 and 28 days respectively half an hour before administration of HPL and SPD. The serum prolactin (PRL) level, dopamine (DA) level and antioxidant status in the rat brain, hematological parameters were measured and histological examination of the anterior pituitary gland, adrenal gland and spleen were done. In addition, antioxidant enzymes like superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were also estimated. Results: MEBM decreases serum PRL level and increased DA level in brain significantly. Further, MEBM also restored SOD and CAT status significantly. The inflammatory markers induced by HPL and SPD were suppressed by MEBM. Discussion: Neuronal DA inhibition by neuroleptic drugs decreases the release of DA which leads to hyperprolactinemia. MEBM (butrin) may activate DA neurones to ameliorate hyperprolactinaemia. The dopaminergic, anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effect of MEBM may be attributed to its anti-hyperprolactinemic effect. Conclusion: Butea monosperma possesses anti-hyperprolactinemic effect which may be attributed to its marker constituent like Butrin